One-Step Formation of Reduced Graphene Oxide from Insulating Polymers Induced by Laser Writing Method

Finding a low-cost and effective method at low temperatures for producing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been the focus of many efforts in the research community for almost two decades. Overall, rGO is a promising candidate for use in supercapacitors, batteries, biosensors, photovoltaic devices, c...

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Autores principales:	Parand R. Riley, Pratik Joshi, Hristo Penchev, Jagdish Narayan, Roger J. Narayan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	reduced graphene oxide UV laser annealing PTFE PBI insulating polymers Crystallography QD901-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/784e297dd7af49f78bd653745a28e765
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:784e297dd7af49f78bd653745a28e7652021-11-25T17:18:05ZOne-Step Formation of Reduced Graphene Oxide from Insulating Polymers Induced by Laser Writing Method10.3390/cryst111113082073-4352https://doaj.org/article/784e297dd7af49f78bd653745a28e7652021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/11/1308https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4352Finding a low-cost and effective method at low temperatures for producing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been the focus of many efforts in the research community for almost two decades. Overall, rGO is a promising candidate for use in supercapacitors, batteries, biosensors, photovoltaic devices, corrosion inhibitors, and optical devices. Herein, we report the formation of rGO from two electrically insulating polymers, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and meta-polybenzimidazole fiber (m-PBI), using an excimer pulsed laser annealing (PLA) method. The results from X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron backscattered diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirm the successful generation of rGO with the formation of a multilayered structure. We investigated the mechanisms for the transformation of PTFE and PBI into rGO. The PTFE transition occurs by both a photochemical mechanism and a photothermal mechanism. The transition of PBI is dominated by a photo-oxidation mechanism and stepwise thermal degradation. After degradation and degassing procedures, both the polymers leave behind free molten carbon with some oxygen and hydrogen content. The free molten carbon undergoes an undercooling process with a regrowth velocity (<4 m·s<sup>−1</sup>) that is necessary for the formation of rGO structures. This approach has the potential for use in creating future selective polymer-written electronics.Parand R. RileyPratik JoshiHristo PenchevJagdish NarayanRoger J. NarayanMDPI AGarticlereduced graphene oxideUV laser annealingPTFEPBIinsulating polymersCrystallographyQD901-999ENCrystals, Vol 11, Iss 1308, p 1308 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	reduced graphene oxide UV laser annealing PTFE PBI insulating polymers Crystallography QD901-999
spellingShingle	reduced graphene oxide UV laser annealing PTFE PBI insulating polymers Crystallography QD901-999 Parand R. Riley Pratik Joshi Hristo Penchev Jagdish Narayan Roger J. Narayan One-Step Formation of Reduced Graphene Oxide from Insulating Polymers Induced by Laser Writing Method
description	Finding a low-cost and effective method at low temperatures for producing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been the focus of many efforts in the research community for almost two decades. Overall, rGO is a promising candidate for use in supercapacitors, batteries, biosensors, photovoltaic devices, corrosion inhibitors, and optical devices. Herein, we report the formation of rGO from two electrically insulating polymers, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and meta-polybenzimidazole fiber (m-PBI), using an excimer pulsed laser annealing (PLA) method. The results from X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron backscattered diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirm the successful generation of rGO with the formation of a multilayered structure. We investigated the mechanisms for the transformation of PTFE and PBI into rGO. The PTFE transition occurs by both a photochemical mechanism and a photothermal mechanism. The transition of PBI is dominated by a photo-oxidation mechanism and stepwise thermal degradation. After degradation and degassing procedures, both the polymers leave behind free molten carbon with some oxygen and hydrogen content. The free molten carbon undergoes an undercooling process with a regrowth velocity (<4 m·s<sup>−1</sup>) that is necessary for the formation of rGO structures. This approach has the potential for use in creating future selective polymer-written electronics.
format	article
author	Parand R. Riley Pratik Joshi Hristo Penchev Jagdish Narayan Roger J. Narayan
author_facet	Parand R. Riley Pratik Joshi Hristo Penchev Jagdish Narayan Roger J. Narayan
author_sort	Parand R. Riley
title	One-Step Formation of Reduced Graphene Oxide from Insulating Polymers Induced by Laser Writing Method
title_short	One-Step Formation of Reduced Graphene Oxide from Insulating Polymers Induced by Laser Writing Method
title_full	One-Step Formation of Reduced Graphene Oxide from Insulating Polymers Induced by Laser Writing Method
title_fullStr	One-Step Formation of Reduced Graphene Oxide from Insulating Polymers Induced by Laser Writing Method
title_full_unstemmed	One-Step Formation of Reduced Graphene Oxide from Insulating Polymers Induced by Laser Writing Method
title_sort	one-step formation of reduced graphene oxide from insulating polymers induced by laser writing method
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/784e297dd7af49f78bd653745a28e765
work_keys_str_mv	AT parandrriley onestepformationofreducedgrapheneoxidefrominsulatingpolymersinducedbylaserwritingmethod AT pratikjoshi onestepformationofreducedgrapheneoxidefrominsulatingpolymersinducedbylaserwritingmethod AT hristopenchev onestepformationofreducedgrapheneoxidefrominsulatingpolymersinducedbylaserwritingmethod AT jagdishnarayan onestepformationofreducedgrapheneoxidefrominsulatingpolymersinducedbylaserwritingmethod AT rogerjnarayan onestepformationofreducedgrapheneoxidefrominsulatingpolymersinducedbylaserwritingmethod
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One-Step Formation of Reduced Graphene Oxide from Insulating Polymers Induced by Laser Writing Method

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