Genetic Diversity of Plasmodium vivax Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) in Field Isolates from Five Different Areas of the Brazilian Amazon

The Plasmodium vivax Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) has an important role in erythrocyte invasion and has been considered a target for vivax malaria vaccine development. Nonetheless, its genetic diversity remains uncharted in Brazilian malaria-endemi...

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Autores principales:	Lana Bitencourt Chaves, Glaucia de Oliveira Guimarães, Daiana de Souza Perce-da-Silva, Dalma Maria Banic, Paulo Renato Rivas Totino, Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado, Rodrigo Nunes Rodrigues-da-Silva, Lilian Rose Pratt-Riccio, Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro, Josué da Costa Lima-Junior
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	malaria Brazilian Amazon <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> PvCyRPA genetic diversity prediction Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/785ae10b291b48e89812569d70ae83de
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:785ae10b291b48e89812569d70ae83de2021-11-25T17:40:20ZGenetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) in Field Isolates from Five Different Areas of the Brazilian Amazon10.3390/genes121116572073-4425https://doaj.org/article/785ae10b291b48e89812569d70ae83de2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/11/1657https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4425The <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) has an important role in erythrocyte invasion and has been considered a target for <i>vivax</i> malaria vaccine development. Nonetheless, its genetic diversity remains uncharted in Brazilian malaria-endemic areas. Therefore, we investigated the <i>pvcyrpa</i> genetic polymorphism in 98 field isolates from the Brazilian Amazon and its impact on the antigenicity of predicted B-cell epitopes. Genetic diversity parameters, population genetic analysis, neutrality test and the median-joining network were analyzed, and the potential amino acid polymorphism participation in B-cell epitopes was investigated. One synonymous and 26 non-synonymous substitutions defined fifty haplotypes. The nucleotide diversity and Tajima’s D values varied across the coding gene. The exon-1 sequence had greater diversity than those of exon-2. Concerning the prediction analysis, seven sequences were predicted as linear B cell epitopes, the majority contained in conformational epitopes. Moreover, important amino acid polymorphism was detected in regions predicted to contain residues participating in B-cell epitopes. Our data suggest that the <i>pvcyrpa</i> gene presents a moderate polymorphism in the studied isolates and such polymorphisms alter amino acid sequences contained in potential B cell epitopes, an important observation considering the antigen potentiality as a vaccine candidate to cover distinct <i>P. vivax</i> endemic areas worldwide.Lana Bitencourt ChavesGlaucia de Oliveira GuimarãesDaiana de Souza Perce-da-SilvaDalma Maria BanicPaulo Renato Rivas TotinoRicardo Luiz Dantas MachadoRodrigo Nunes Rodrigues-da-SilvaLilian Rose Pratt-RiccioCláudio Tadeu Daniel-RibeiroJosué da Costa Lima-JuniorMDPI AGarticlemalariaBrazilian Amazon<i>Plasmodium vivax</i>PvCyRPAgenetic diversitypredictionGeneticsQH426-470ENGenes, Vol 12, Iss 1657, p 1657 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	malaria Brazilian Amazon <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> PvCyRPA genetic diversity prediction Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	malaria Brazilian Amazon <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> PvCyRPA genetic diversity prediction Genetics QH426-470 Lana Bitencourt Chaves Glaucia de Oliveira Guimarães Daiana de Souza Perce-da-Silva Dalma Maria Banic Paulo Renato Rivas Totino Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado Rodrigo Nunes Rodrigues-da-Silva Lilian Rose Pratt-Riccio Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro Josué da Costa Lima-Junior Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) in Field Isolates from Five Different Areas of the Brazilian Amazon
description	The <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) has an important role in erythrocyte invasion and has been considered a target for <i>vivax</i> malaria vaccine development. Nonetheless, its genetic diversity remains uncharted in Brazilian malaria-endemic areas. Therefore, we investigated the <i>pvcyrpa</i> genetic polymorphism in 98 field isolates from the Brazilian Amazon and its impact on the antigenicity of predicted B-cell epitopes. Genetic diversity parameters, population genetic analysis, neutrality test and the median-joining network were analyzed, and the potential amino acid polymorphism participation in B-cell epitopes was investigated. One synonymous and 26 non-synonymous substitutions defined fifty haplotypes. The nucleotide diversity and Tajima’s D values varied across the coding gene. The exon-1 sequence had greater diversity than those of exon-2. Concerning the prediction analysis, seven sequences were predicted as linear B cell epitopes, the majority contained in conformational epitopes. Moreover, important amino acid polymorphism was detected in regions predicted to contain residues participating in B-cell epitopes. Our data suggest that the <i>pvcyrpa</i> gene presents a moderate polymorphism in the studied isolates and such polymorphisms alter amino acid sequences contained in potential B cell epitopes, an important observation considering the antigen potentiality as a vaccine candidate to cover distinct <i>P. vivax</i> endemic areas worldwide.
format	article
author	Lana Bitencourt Chaves Glaucia de Oliveira Guimarães Daiana de Souza Perce-da-Silva Dalma Maria Banic Paulo Renato Rivas Totino Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado Rodrigo Nunes Rodrigues-da-Silva Lilian Rose Pratt-Riccio Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro Josué da Costa Lima-Junior
author_facet	Lana Bitencourt Chaves Glaucia de Oliveira Guimarães Daiana de Souza Perce-da-Silva Dalma Maria Banic Paulo Renato Rivas Totino Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado Rodrigo Nunes Rodrigues-da-Silva Lilian Rose Pratt-Riccio Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro Josué da Costa Lima-Junior
author_sort	Lana Bitencourt Chaves
title	Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) in Field Isolates from Five Different Areas of the Brazilian Amazon
title_short	Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) in Field Isolates from Five Different Areas of the Brazilian Amazon
title_full	Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) in Field Isolates from Five Different Areas of the Brazilian Amazon
title_fullStr	Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) in Field Isolates from Five Different Areas of the Brazilian Amazon
title_full_unstemmed	Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) in Field Isolates from Five Different Areas of the Brazilian Amazon
title_sort	genetic diversity of <i>plasmodium vivax</i> cysteine-rich protective antigen (pvcyrpa) in field isolates from five different areas of the brazilian amazon
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/785ae10b291b48e89812569d70ae83de
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Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) in Field Isolates from Five Different Areas of the Brazilian Amazon

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