2019‒2020 Australian bushfire air particulate pollution and impact on the South Pacific Ocean

Abstract During late 2019 and early 2020, Australia experienced one of the most active bushfire seasons that advected large emissions over the adjacent ocean. Herein, we present a comprehensive research on mixed atmospheric aerosol particulate pollution emitted by wildfires in the atmosphere and the...

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Autores principales:	Mengyu Li, Fang Shen, Xuerong Sun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/785ceb12cf6d4357ad80d629b5f56bdd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:785ceb12cf6d4357ad80d629b5f56bdd2021-12-02T17:52:32Z2019‒2020 Australian bushfire air particulate pollution and impact on the South Pacific Ocean10.1038/s41598-021-91547-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/785ceb12cf6d4357ad80d629b5f56bdd2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91547-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract During late 2019 and early 2020, Australia experienced one of the most active bushfire seasons that advected large emissions over the adjacent ocean. Herein, we present a comprehensive research on mixed atmospheric aerosol particulate pollution emitted by wildfires in the atmosphere and the ocean. Based on a wide range of physical and biochemical data, including the Aerosol Robotic Network, multi-satellite observations, and Argo floats, we investigated the spatio-temporal variations and mixed compositions of aerosol particles, deposition in the coastal waters of eastern Australia and the South Pacific Ocean, and biogeochemical responses in the water column. Four types of wildfire-derived mixed particles were classified by using the optical properties of aerosols into four types, including the background aerosols, mineral dust, wildfire smoke particles, and residual smoke. The coarse particles accounted for more than 60% of the mineral dust on 22 November 2019 in the Tasman Sea; afterwards, during the wildfire smoke episode from December 2019 to January 2020, the particles affected large areas of the atmosphere such as eastern Australia, the South Pacific Ocean, and South America. The maximum value of the aerosol optical depth reached 2.74, and the proportion of fine particles accounted for 98.9% in the smoke episode. Mineral dust and smoke particles from the fire emissions changed the particle composition in the surface ocean. Particle deposition accounted for increases in chlorophyll-a concentration (Chla) standardized anomaly up to maximum of 23.3 with a lag time of less than 8 days. In the vertical direction, float observations showed the impact of exogenous particles on the water column could up to 64.7 m deep, resulting in Chla of 1.85 mg/m3. The high Chla lasted for a minimum period of two months until it returned to normal level.Mengyu LiFang ShenXuerong SunNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mengyu Li Fang Shen Xuerong Sun 2019‒2020 Australian bushfire air particulate pollution and impact on the South Pacific Ocean
description	Abstract During late 2019 and early 2020, Australia experienced one of the most active bushfire seasons that advected large emissions over the adjacent ocean. Herein, we present a comprehensive research on mixed atmospheric aerosol particulate pollution emitted by wildfires in the atmosphere and the ocean. Based on a wide range of physical and biochemical data, including the Aerosol Robotic Network, multi-satellite observations, and Argo floats, we investigated the spatio-temporal variations and mixed compositions of aerosol particles, deposition in the coastal waters of eastern Australia and the South Pacific Ocean, and biogeochemical responses in the water column. Four types of wildfire-derived mixed particles were classified by using the optical properties of aerosols into four types, including the background aerosols, mineral dust, wildfire smoke particles, and residual smoke. The coarse particles accounted for more than 60% of the mineral dust on 22 November 2019 in the Tasman Sea; afterwards, during the wildfire smoke episode from December 2019 to January 2020, the particles affected large areas of the atmosphere such as eastern Australia, the South Pacific Ocean, and South America. The maximum value of the aerosol optical depth reached 2.74, and the proportion of fine particles accounted for 98.9% in the smoke episode. Mineral dust and smoke particles from the fire emissions changed the particle composition in the surface ocean. Particle deposition accounted for increases in chlorophyll-a concentration (Chla) standardized anomaly up to maximum of 23.3 with a lag time of less than 8 days. In the vertical direction, float observations showed the impact of exogenous particles on the water column could up to 64.7 m deep, resulting in Chla of 1.85 mg/m3. The high Chla lasted for a minimum period of two months until it returned to normal level.
format	article
author	Mengyu Li Fang Shen Xuerong Sun
author_facet	Mengyu Li Fang Shen Xuerong Sun
author_sort	Mengyu Li
title	2019‒2020 Australian bushfire air particulate pollution and impact on the South Pacific Ocean
title_short	2019‒2020 Australian bushfire air particulate pollution and impact on the South Pacific Ocean
title_full	2019‒2020 Australian bushfire air particulate pollution and impact on the South Pacific Ocean
title_fullStr	2019‒2020 Australian bushfire air particulate pollution and impact on the South Pacific Ocean
title_full_unstemmed	2019‒2020 Australian bushfire air particulate pollution and impact on the South Pacific Ocean
title_sort	2019‒2020 australian bushfire air particulate pollution and impact on the south pacific ocean
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/785ceb12cf6d4357ad80d629b5f56bdd
work_keys_str_mv	AT mengyuli 20192020australianbushfireairparticulatepollutionandimpactonthesouthpacificocean AT fangshen 20192020australianbushfireairparticulatepollutionandimpactonthesouthpacificocean AT xuerongsun 20192020australianbushfireairparticulatepollutionandimpactonthesouthpacificocean
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2019‒2020 Australian bushfire air particulate pollution and impact on the South Pacific Ocean

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