Passive Acoustic Monitoring and Automatic Detection of Diel Patterns and Acoustic Structure of Howler Monkey Roars

Nighttime studies are underrepresented in ecological research. Even well-known behaviors, such as the loud call of howler monkeys, are rarely studied at night. Our goal was to help fill this knowledge gap by studying the 24 h vocal behavior of the Guianan red howler monkey (<i>Alouatta macconn...

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Autores principales:	Leandro A. Do Nascimento, Cristian Pérez-Granados, Karen H. Beard
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	passive acoustic monitoring automatic acoustic classification diel cycle roars vocal behavior loud calls Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/785ddf717e5845349650412ce626e711
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:785ddf717e5845349650412ce626e7112021-11-25T17:22:44ZPassive Acoustic Monitoring and Automatic Detection of Diel Patterns and Acoustic Structure of Howler Monkey Roars10.3390/d131105661424-2818https://doaj.org/article/785ddf717e5845349650412ce626e7112021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/11/566https://doaj.org/toc/1424-2818Nighttime studies are underrepresented in ecological research. Even well-known behaviors, such as the loud call of howler monkeys, are rarely studied at night. Our goal was to help fill this knowledge gap by studying the 24 h vocal behavior of the Guianan red howler monkey (<i>Alouatta macconnelli</i>) and to compare the acoustic structures of howling bouts made during the day to those made at night. We used passive acoustic monitoring coupled with automatic acoustic detection to study three groups of howlers over three months in the Viruá National Park, Roraima, Brazil. The automatic classifier we built detected 171 howling bouts with a 42% recall rate and 100% precision. Though primarily diurnal, howlers vocalized mainly at night. Greater vocal activity before nautical twilight might be associated with territorial and resource defense behaviors, with howlers calling from roosting sites before starting their daily routines. We also found that during the day, howling bouts were longer and had lower harmonic-to-noise ratios, lower frequencies, and more symmetric energy distributions than bouts at night. Our study adds to growing evidence that passive acoustic monitoring and automatic acoustic detection can be used to study primates and improve our understanding of their vocal behavior.Leandro A. Do NascimentoCristian Pérez-GranadosKaren H. BeardMDPI AGarticlepassive acoustic monitoringautomatic acoustic classificationdiel cycleroarsvocal behaviorloud callsBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENDiversity, Vol 13, Iss 566, p 566 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	passive acoustic monitoring automatic acoustic classification diel cycle roars vocal behavior loud calls Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	passive acoustic monitoring automatic acoustic classification diel cycle roars vocal behavior loud calls Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Leandro A. Do Nascimento Cristian Pérez-Granados Karen H. Beard Passive Acoustic Monitoring and Automatic Detection of Diel Patterns and Acoustic Structure of Howler Monkey Roars
description	Nighttime studies are underrepresented in ecological research. Even well-known behaviors, such as the loud call of howler monkeys, are rarely studied at night. Our goal was to help fill this knowledge gap by studying the 24 h vocal behavior of the Guianan red howler monkey (<i>Alouatta macconnelli</i>) and to compare the acoustic structures of howling bouts made during the day to those made at night. We used passive acoustic monitoring coupled with automatic acoustic detection to study three groups of howlers over three months in the Viruá National Park, Roraima, Brazil. The automatic classifier we built detected 171 howling bouts with a 42% recall rate and 100% precision. Though primarily diurnal, howlers vocalized mainly at night. Greater vocal activity before nautical twilight might be associated with territorial and resource defense behaviors, with howlers calling from roosting sites before starting their daily routines. We also found that during the day, howling bouts were longer and had lower harmonic-to-noise ratios, lower frequencies, and more symmetric energy distributions than bouts at night. Our study adds to growing evidence that passive acoustic monitoring and automatic acoustic detection can be used to study primates and improve our understanding of their vocal behavior.
format	article
author	Leandro A. Do Nascimento Cristian Pérez-Granados Karen H. Beard
author_facet	Leandro A. Do Nascimento Cristian Pérez-Granados Karen H. Beard
author_sort	Leandro A. Do Nascimento
title	Passive Acoustic Monitoring and Automatic Detection of Diel Patterns and Acoustic Structure of Howler Monkey Roars
title_short	Passive Acoustic Monitoring and Automatic Detection of Diel Patterns and Acoustic Structure of Howler Monkey Roars
title_full	Passive Acoustic Monitoring and Automatic Detection of Diel Patterns and Acoustic Structure of Howler Monkey Roars
title_fullStr	Passive Acoustic Monitoring and Automatic Detection of Diel Patterns and Acoustic Structure of Howler Monkey Roars
title_full_unstemmed	Passive Acoustic Monitoring and Automatic Detection of Diel Patterns and Acoustic Structure of Howler Monkey Roars
title_sort	passive acoustic monitoring and automatic detection of diel patterns and acoustic structure of howler monkey roars
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/785ddf717e5845349650412ce626e711
work_keys_str_mv	AT leandroadonascimento passiveacousticmonitoringandautomaticdetectionofdielpatternsandacousticstructureofhowlermonkeyroars AT cristianperezgranados passiveacousticmonitoringandautomaticdetectionofdielpatternsandacousticstructureofhowlermonkeyroars AT karenhbeard passiveacousticmonitoringandautomaticdetectionofdielpatternsandacousticstructureofhowlermonkeyroars
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Passive Acoustic Monitoring and Automatic Detection of Diel Patterns and Acoustic Structure of Howler Monkey Roars

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