Effective Connectivity between Major Nodes of the Limbic System, Salience and Frontoparietal Networks Differentiates Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders from Healthy Controls

This study was conducted to examine whether there are quantitative or qualitative differences in the connectome between psychiatric patients and healthy controls and to delineate the connectome features of major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), as well as the...

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Autores principales:	Sevdalina Kandilarova, Drozdstoy St. Stoyanov, Rositsa Paunova, Anna Todeva-Radneva, Katrin Aryutova, Michael Maes
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	psychiatry effective connectivity depression salience network schizophrenia mood disorders Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/786576d343884cebafac2db0b59ee197
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:786576d343884cebafac2db0b59ee1972021-11-25T18:07:17ZEffective Connectivity between Major Nodes of the Limbic System, Salience and Frontoparietal Networks Differentiates Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders from Healthy Controls10.3390/jpm111111102075-4426https://doaj.org/article/786576d343884cebafac2db0b59ee1972021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/11/11/1110https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4426This study was conducted to examine whether there are quantitative or qualitative differences in the connectome between psychiatric patients and healthy controls and to delineate the connectome features of major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), as well as the severity of these disorders. Toward this end, we performed an effective connectivity analysis of resting state functional MRI data in these three patient groups and healthy controls. We used spectral Dynamic Causal Modeling (spDCM), and the derived connectome features were further subjected to machine learning. The results outlined a model of five connections, which discriminated patients from controls, comprising major nodes of the limbic system (amygdala (AMY), hippocampus (HPC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)), the salience network (anterior insula (AI), and the frontoparietal and dorsal attention network (middle frontal gyrus (MFG), corresponding to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and frontal eye field (FEF)). Notably, the alterations in the self-inhibitory connection of the anterior insula emerged as a feature of both mood disorders and SCZ. Moreover, four out of the five connectome features that discriminate mental illness from controls are features of mood disorders (both MDD and BD), namely the MFG→FEF, HPC→FEF, AI→AMY, and MFG→AMY connections, whereas one connection is a feature of SCZ, namely the AMY→SPL connectivity. A large part of the variance in the severity of depression (31.6%) and SCZ (40.6%) was explained by connectivity features. In conclusion, dysfunctions in the self-regulation of the salience network may underpin major mental disorders, while other key connectome features shape differences between mood disorders and SCZ, and can be used as potential imaging biomarkers.Sevdalina KandilarovaDrozdstoy St. StoyanovRositsa PaunovaAnna Todeva-RadnevaKatrin AryutovaMichael MaesMDPI AGarticlepsychiatryeffective connectivitydepressionsalience networkschizophreniamood disordersMedicineRENJournal of Personalized Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 1110, p 1110 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	psychiatry effective connectivity depression salience network schizophrenia mood disorders Medicine R
spellingShingle	psychiatry effective connectivity depression salience network schizophrenia mood disorders Medicine R Sevdalina Kandilarova Drozdstoy St. Stoyanov Rositsa Paunova Anna Todeva-Radneva Katrin Aryutova Michael Maes Effective Connectivity between Major Nodes of the Limbic System, Salience and Frontoparietal Networks Differentiates Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders from Healthy Controls
description	This study was conducted to examine whether there are quantitative or qualitative differences in the connectome between psychiatric patients and healthy controls and to delineate the connectome features of major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), as well as the severity of these disorders. Toward this end, we performed an effective connectivity analysis of resting state functional MRI data in these three patient groups and healthy controls. We used spectral Dynamic Causal Modeling (spDCM), and the derived connectome features were further subjected to machine learning. The results outlined a model of five connections, which discriminated patients from controls, comprising major nodes of the limbic system (amygdala (AMY), hippocampus (HPC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)), the salience network (anterior insula (AI), and the frontoparietal and dorsal attention network (middle frontal gyrus (MFG), corresponding to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and frontal eye field (FEF)). Notably, the alterations in the self-inhibitory connection of the anterior insula emerged as a feature of both mood disorders and SCZ. Moreover, four out of the five connectome features that discriminate mental illness from controls are features of mood disorders (both MDD and BD), namely the MFG→FEF, HPC→FEF, AI→AMY, and MFG→AMY connections, whereas one connection is a feature of SCZ, namely the AMY→SPL connectivity. A large part of the variance in the severity of depression (31.6%) and SCZ (40.6%) was explained by connectivity features. In conclusion, dysfunctions in the self-regulation of the salience network may underpin major mental disorders, while other key connectome features shape differences between mood disorders and SCZ, and can be used as potential imaging biomarkers.
format	article
author	Sevdalina Kandilarova Drozdstoy St. Stoyanov Rositsa Paunova Anna Todeva-Radneva Katrin Aryutova Michael Maes
author_facet	Sevdalina Kandilarova Drozdstoy St. Stoyanov Rositsa Paunova Anna Todeva-Radneva Katrin Aryutova Michael Maes
author_sort	Sevdalina Kandilarova
title	Effective Connectivity between Major Nodes of the Limbic System, Salience and Frontoparietal Networks Differentiates Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders from Healthy Controls
title_short	Effective Connectivity between Major Nodes of the Limbic System, Salience and Frontoparietal Networks Differentiates Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders from Healthy Controls
title_full	Effective Connectivity between Major Nodes of the Limbic System, Salience and Frontoparietal Networks Differentiates Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders from Healthy Controls
title_fullStr	Effective Connectivity between Major Nodes of the Limbic System, Salience and Frontoparietal Networks Differentiates Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders from Healthy Controls
title_full_unstemmed	Effective Connectivity between Major Nodes of the Limbic System, Salience and Frontoparietal Networks Differentiates Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders from Healthy Controls
title_sort	effective connectivity between major nodes of the limbic system, salience and frontoparietal networks differentiates schizophrenia and mood disorders from healthy controls
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/786576d343884cebafac2db0b59ee197
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_version_	1718411623889108992

Effective Connectivity between Major Nodes of the Limbic System, Salience and Frontoparietal Networks Differentiates Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders from Healthy Controls

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