Development of the petaloid bracts of a paleoherb species, Saururus chinensis.

Saururus chinensis is a core member of Saururaceae, an ancient, perianthless (lacking petals or sepals) family of the magnoliids in the Mesangiospermae, which is important for understanding the origin and evolution of early flowers due to its unusual floral composition and petaloid bracts. To compar...

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Autores principales:	Yin-He Zhao, Xue-Mei Zhang, De-Zhu Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/78e06b957afe4c89b36f3de9c6eb675c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:78e06b957afe4c89b36f3de9c6eb675c2021-12-02T20:04:44ZDevelopment of the petaloid bracts of a paleoherb species, Saururus chinensis.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255679https://doaj.org/article/78e06b957afe4c89b36f3de9c6eb675c2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255679https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Saururus chinensis is a core member of Saururaceae, an ancient, perianthless (lacking petals or sepals) family of the magnoliids in the Mesangiospermae, which is important for understanding the origin and evolution of early flowers due to its unusual floral composition and petaloid bracts. To compare their transcriptomes, RNA-seq abundance analysis identified 43,463 genes that were found to be differentially expressed in S. chinensis bracts. Of these, 5,797 showed significant differential expression, of which 1,770 were up-regulated and 4,027 down-regulated in green compared to white bracts. The expression profiles were also compared using cDNA microarrays, which identified 166 additional differentially expressed genes. Subsequently, qRT-PCR was used to verify and extend the cDNA microarray results, showing that the A and B class MADS-box genes were up-regulated in the white bracts. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on putative S. chinensis A and B-class of MADS-box genes to infer evolutionary relationships within the A and B-class of MADS-box gene family. In addition, nature selection and protein interactions of B class MADS-box proteins were inferred that B-class genes free from evolutionary pressures. The results indicate that petaloid bracts display anatomical and gene expression features normally associated with petals, as found in petaloid bracts of other species, and support an evolutionarily conserved developmental program for petaloid bracts.Yin-He ZhaoXue-Mei ZhangDe-Zhu LiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0255679 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Yin-He Zhao Xue-Mei Zhang De-Zhu Li Development of the petaloid bracts of a paleoherb species, Saururus chinensis.
description	Saururus chinensis is a core member of Saururaceae, an ancient, perianthless (lacking petals or sepals) family of the magnoliids in the Mesangiospermae, which is important for understanding the origin and evolution of early flowers due to its unusual floral composition and petaloid bracts. To compare their transcriptomes, RNA-seq abundance analysis identified 43,463 genes that were found to be differentially expressed in S. chinensis bracts. Of these, 5,797 showed significant differential expression, of which 1,770 were up-regulated and 4,027 down-regulated in green compared to white bracts. The expression profiles were also compared using cDNA microarrays, which identified 166 additional differentially expressed genes. Subsequently, qRT-PCR was used to verify and extend the cDNA microarray results, showing that the A and B class MADS-box genes were up-regulated in the white bracts. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on putative S. chinensis A and B-class of MADS-box genes to infer evolutionary relationships within the A and B-class of MADS-box gene family. In addition, nature selection and protein interactions of B class MADS-box proteins were inferred that B-class genes free from evolutionary pressures. The results indicate that petaloid bracts display anatomical and gene expression features normally associated with petals, as found in petaloid bracts of other species, and support an evolutionarily conserved developmental program for petaloid bracts.
format	article
author	Yin-He Zhao Xue-Mei Zhang De-Zhu Li
author_facet	Yin-He Zhao Xue-Mei Zhang De-Zhu Li
author_sort	Yin-He Zhao
title	Development of the petaloid bracts of a paleoherb species, Saururus chinensis.
title_short	Development of the petaloid bracts of a paleoherb species, Saururus chinensis.
title_full	Development of the petaloid bracts of a paleoherb species, Saururus chinensis.
title_fullStr	Development of the petaloid bracts of a paleoherb species, Saururus chinensis.
title_full_unstemmed	Development of the petaloid bracts of a paleoherb species, Saururus chinensis.
title_sort	development of the petaloid bracts of a paleoherb species, saururus chinensis.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/78e06b957afe4c89b36f3de9c6eb675c
work_keys_str_mv	AT yinhezhao developmentofthepetaloidbractsofapaleoherbspeciessaururuschinensis AT xuemeizhang developmentofthepetaloidbractsofapaleoherbspeciessaururuschinensis AT dezhuli developmentofthepetaloidbractsofapaleoherbspeciessaururuschinensis
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Development of the petaloid bracts of a paleoherb species, Saururus chinensis.

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