Adverse reactions in leprosy patients who underwent dapsone multidrug therapy: a retrospective study

Sanjeev Guragain,1 Namrata Upadhayay,2 Bishwa Mohan Bhattarai3 1Department of Pharmacology, Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Centre, Lekhnath, 2Department of Physiology, Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Centre, Lekhnath, 3Dermatology Department, G...

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Autores principales:	Guragain S, Upadhayay N, Bhattarai BM
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2017
Materias:	leprosy multidrug therapy dapsone adverse drug reaction Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/792e9a126f8942458b90633b98276242
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:792e9a126f8942458b90633b982762422021-12-02T07:08:28ZAdverse reactions in leprosy patients who underwent dapsone multidrug therapy: a retrospective study1179-1438https://doaj.org/article/792e9a126f8942458b90633b982762422017-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/adverse-reactions-in-leprosy-patients-who-underwent-dapsone-multidrug--peer-reviewed-article-CPAAhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1438Sanjeev Guragain,1 Namrata Upadhayay,2 Bishwa Mohan Bhattarai3 1Department of Pharmacology, Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Centre, Lekhnath, 2Department of Physiology, Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Centre, Lekhnath, 3Dermatology Department, Green Pastures Hospital and Rehabilitation Centre, Pokhara, Nepal Objective: To investigate the occurrence and clinical characteristics of dapsone-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among leprosy patients who underwent multidrug therapy (MDT) from 2010 to 2013 in the western region of Nepal.Methods: A retrospective review was carried out in the rehabilitation center. Data were collected from the record files of the hospital.Results: From 2010 to 2013, there were 18 patients reported to have dapsone ADRs, with an occurrence rate of 0.82% in the 4-year duration. The maximum incidence of ADRs (1.043%) was in 2010 and the minimum incidence of ADRs (0.26%) was in 2013. Among two types of bacterial infections, 94.44% were of multibacillary and 5.56% were of paucibacillary type. The age range of patients with dapsone ADRs was 11–68 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.25. The onset of dapsone ADRs after taking MDT was within a minimum of 3 weeks and a maximum of 21 weeks. There were 14 (77.77%) patients who presented with jaundice, 8 (44.44%) with exfoliative dermatitis, 5 (27.77%) with hemolytic anemia and 4 (22.22%) with fever and headache. The rare side effects (5.5%) found were agranulocytosis or toxic epidermal necrolysis. Three patients were cured; some were still on the treatment. Four patients died with dapsone ADRs.Conclusion: The common dapsone ADRs present in leprosy patients were jaundice, exfoliative dermatitis and hemolytic anemia in MDT-treated patients. Patients could be cured by managing the dapsone ADRs effectively on time. Some patients may die of dapsone ADRs if clinicians fail to manage the side effects on time. Keywords: dapsone, dermatitis, anemia, minocycline, ofloxacinGuragain SUpadhayay NBhattarai BMDove Medical Pressarticleleprosymultidrug therapydapsoneadverse drug reactionTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENClinical Pharmacology: Advances and Applications, Vol Volume 9, Pp 73-78 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	leprosy multidrug therapy dapsone adverse drug reaction Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	leprosy multidrug therapy dapsone adverse drug reaction Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Guragain S Upadhayay N Bhattarai BM Adverse reactions in leprosy patients who underwent dapsone multidrug therapy: a retrospective study
description	Sanjeev Guragain,1 Namrata Upadhayay,2 Bishwa Mohan Bhattarai3 1Department of Pharmacology, Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Centre, Lekhnath, 2Department of Physiology, Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Centre, Lekhnath, 3Dermatology Department, Green Pastures Hospital and Rehabilitation Centre, Pokhara, Nepal Objective: To investigate the occurrence and clinical characteristics of dapsone-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among leprosy patients who underwent multidrug therapy (MDT) from 2010 to 2013 in the western region of Nepal.Methods: A retrospective review was carried out in the rehabilitation center. Data were collected from the record files of the hospital.Results: From 2010 to 2013, there were 18 patients reported to have dapsone ADRs, with an occurrence rate of 0.82% in the 4-year duration. The maximum incidence of ADRs (1.043%) was in 2010 and the minimum incidence of ADRs (0.26%) was in 2013. Among two types of bacterial infections, 94.44% were of multibacillary and 5.56% were of paucibacillary type. The age range of patients with dapsone ADRs was 11–68 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.25. The onset of dapsone ADRs after taking MDT was within a minimum of 3 weeks and a maximum of 21 weeks. There were 14 (77.77%) patients who presented with jaundice, 8 (44.44%) with exfoliative dermatitis, 5 (27.77%) with hemolytic anemia and 4 (22.22%) with fever and headache. The rare side effects (5.5%) found were agranulocytosis or toxic epidermal necrolysis. Three patients were cured; some were still on the treatment. Four patients died with dapsone ADRs.Conclusion: The common dapsone ADRs present in leprosy patients were jaundice, exfoliative dermatitis and hemolytic anemia in MDT-treated patients. Patients could be cured by managing the dapsone ADRs effectively on time. Some patients may die of dapsone ADRs if clinicians fail to manage the side effects on time. Keywords: dapsone, dermatitis, anemia, minocycline, ofloxacin
format	article
author	Guragain S Upadhayay N Bhattarai BM
author_facet	Guragain S Upadhayay N Bhattarai BM
author_sort	Guragain S
title	Adverse reactions in leprosy patients who underwent dapsone multidrug therapy: a retrospective study
title_short	Adverse reactions in leprosy patients who underwent dapsone multidrug therapy: a retrospective study
title_full	Adverse reactions in leprosy patients who underwent dapsone multidrug therapy: a retrospective study
title_fullStr	Adverse reactions in leprosy patients who underwent dapsone multidrug therapy: a retrospective study
title_full_unstemmed	Adverse reactions in leprosy patients who underwent dapsone multidrug therapy: a retrospective study
title_sort	adverse reactions in leprosy patients who underwent dapsone multidrug therapy: a retrospective study
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/792e9a126f8942458b90633b98276242
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Adverse reactions in leprosy patients who underwent dapsone multidrug therapy: a retrospective study

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