Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their associated risk factors among preschool and school children in Egypt.

Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are among the major public health problems globally, particularly in developing countries like Egypt. This study aimed to evaluate prevalence and risk factors associated with IPIs among preschool and school children in Egypt. A cross-sectional study was conduct...

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Autores principales:	Walid Elmonir, Haitham Elaadli, Anan Amer, Hammed El-Sharkawy, Mohamed Bessat, Samy F Mahmoud, Mustafa Shukry Atta, Wael F El-Tras
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/794e680079db439ca58114b6db6bd80c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:794e680079db439ca58114b6db6bd80c2021-12-02T20:14:03ZPrevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their associated risk factors among preschool and school children in Egypt.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0258037https://doaj.org/article/794e680079db439ca58114b6db6bd80c2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258037https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are among the major public health problems globally, particularly in developing countries like Egypt. This study aimed to evaluate prevalence and risk factors associated with IPIs among preschool and school children in Egypt. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 996 randomly selected preschool and school-aged children in Gharbia governorate during January to April 2018. Stool specimens were examined for the presence of the parasite by direct smear and the formol-ether concentration methods. The overall prevalence of IPIs was 46.2%. Entamoeba histolytica and Ascaris lumbricoides were the most predominant parasites (12.7% per each). This is followed by Enterobius vermicularis (8.6%), Giardia lamblia (7.1%), Cryptosporidium parvum (1.5%), Heterophyes heterophyes (1.4%), Hymenolepis nana (0.7%), Hookworms (0.6%), Fasciola hepatica (0.5%) and Dipylidium caninum (0.4%). Infected children with no symptoms (26.8%) were significantly (P < 0.001) more frequent than those with medical complaint (19.4%). Socio-demographic predictors of IPIs were preschool age (OR = 4.9; P < 0.001; 95%CI 3.3-7.3), living in rural dwellings (OR = 1.96; P < 0.001; 95%CI 1.5-2.5), and belonging to a low-income family (OR = 4.7; P < 0.001; 95%CI 2.3-9.3). The absence of safe drinking water, lack of hand washing (after soil contact, or before meals, or after toilet usage), and eating unwashed vegetables were risk factors for IPIs in the study region (OR = 1.3-6.9, P < 0.001 -P = 0.05). Higher odds for exposure to potential zoonotic parasites were evident in children with pets in their homes for G. lambia and D. caninum (OR = 2.1-8.3; P = 0.02 -P = 0.04), children having household reared ruminants for C. parvum (OR = 10.4; P < 0.001), and children that play with stray animals for E. histolytica and Hookworm (OR = 1.8-6.3; P = 0.04 -P = 0.05)compared to other children with no animal contact. The present study highlights the importance of periodic screening and treatment of IPIs in children, deworming companion animals, and public education for effective prevention of IPIs in children in Egypt.Walid ElmonirHaitham ElaadliAnan AmerHammed El-SharkawyMohamed BessatSamy F MahmoudMustafa Shukry AttaWael F El-TrasPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0258037 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Walid Elmonir Haitham Elaadli Anan Amer Hammed El-Sharkawy Mohamed Bessat Samy F Mahmoud Mustafa Shukry Atta Wael F El-Tras Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their associated risk factors among preschool and school children in Egypt.
description	Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are among the major public health problems globally, particularly in developing countries like Egypt. This study aimed to evaluate prevalence and risk factors associated with IPIs among preschool and school children in Egypt. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 996 randomly selected preschool and school-aged children in Gharbia governorate during January to April 2018. Stool specimens were examined for the presence of the parasite by direct smear and the formol-ether concentration methods. The overall prevalence of IPIs was 46.2%. Entamoeba histolytica and Ascaris lumbricoides were the most predominant parasites (12.7% per each). This is followed by Enterobius vermicularis (8.6%), Giardia lamblia (7.1%), Cryptosporidium parvum (1.5%), Heterophyes heterophyes (1.4%), Hymenolepis nana (0.7%), Hookworms (0.6%), Fasciola hepatica (0.5%) and Dipylidium caninum (0.4%). Infected children with no symptoms (26.8%) were significantly (P < 0.001) more frequent than those with medical complaint (19.4%). Socio-demographic predictors of IPIs were preschool age (OR = 4.9; P < 0.001; 95%CI 3.3-7.3), living in rural dwellings (OR = 1.96; P < 0.001; 95%CI 1.5-2.5), and belonging to a low-income family (OR = 4.7; P < 0.001; 95%CI 2.3-9.3). The absence of safe drinking water, lack of hand washing (after soil contact, or before meals, or after toilet usage), and eating unwashed vegetables were risk factors for IPIs in the study region (OR = 1.3-6.9, P < 0.001 -P = 0.05). Higher odds for exposure to potential zoonotic parasites were evident in children with pets in their homes for G. lambia and D. caninum (OR = 2.1-8.3; P = 0.02 -P = 0.04), children having household reared ruminants for C. parvum (OR = 10.4; P < 0.001), and children that play with stray animals for E. histolytica and Hookworm (OR = 1.8-6.3; P = 0.04 -P = 0.05)compared to other children with no animal contact. The present study highlights the importance of periodic screening and treatment of IPIs in children, deworming companion animals, and public education for effective prevention of IPIs in children in Egypt.
format	article
author	Walid Elmonir Haitham Elaadli Anan Amer Hammed El-Sharkawy Mohamed Bessat Samy F Mahmoud Mustafa Shukry Atta Wael F El-Tras
author_facet	Walid Elmonir Haitham Elaadli Anan Amer Hammed El-Sharkawy Mohamed Bessat Samy F Mahmoud Mustafa Shukry Atta Wael F El-Tras
author_sort	Walid Elmonir
title	Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their associated risk factors among preschool and school children in Egypt.
title_short	Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their associated risk factors among preschool and school children in Egypt.
title_full	Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their associated risk factors among preschool and school children in Egypt.
title_fullStr	Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their associated risk factors among preschool and school children in Egypt.
title_full_unstemmed	Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their associated risk factors among preschool and school children in Egypt.
title_sort	prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their associated risk factors among preschool and school children in egypt.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/794e680079db439ca58114b6db6bd80c
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Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their associated risk factors among preschool and school children in Egypt.

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