The transmembrane protein of the human endogenous retrovirus--K (HERV-K) modulates cytokine release and gene expression.

Numerous copies of endogenous retroviruses are present in the genome of mammals including man. Although most of them are defective, some, e.g., the human endogenous retroviruses HERV-K, were found to be expressed under certain physiological conditions. For instance, HERV-K is expressed in germ cell...

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Autores principales:	Vladimir A Morozov, Viet Loan Dao Thi, Joachim Denner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7956093e170d4fb5ad11d230179efb66
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7956093e170d4fb5ad11d230179efb662021-11-18T09:00:48ZThe transmembrane protein of the human endogenous retrovirus--K (HERV-K) modulates cytokine release and gene expression.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0070399https://doaj.org/article/7956093e170d4fb5ad11d230179efb662013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23950929/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Numerous copies of endogenous retroviruses are present in the genome of mammals including man. Although most of them are defective, some, e.g., the human endogenous retroviruses HERV-K, were found to be expressed under certain physiological conditions. For instance, HERV-K is expressed in germ cell tumours and melanomas as well as in the placenta. Most exogenous retroviruses including the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 induce severe immunodeficiencies and there is increasing evidence that the transmembrane envelope (TM) proteins of these retroviruses may be involved. We show here that HERV-K particles released from a human teratocarcinoma cell line, a recombinant TM protein and a peptide corresponding to a highly conserved so-called immunosuppressive domain in the TM protein of HERV-K inhibit the proliferation of human immune cells, induce modulation of the expression of numerous cytokines, and modulate the expression of cellular genes as detected by a microarray analysis. The changes in cytokine release and gene expression induced by the TM protein of HERV-K are similar to those found previously induced by the TM protein of HIV-1. These data suggest that the mechanism of immunosuppression may be similar for different retroviruses and that the expression of the TM protein in tumours and in the placenta may suppress immune responses and thus prevent rejection of the tumour and the embryo.Vladimir A MorozovViet Loan Dao ThiJoachim DennerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 8, p e70399 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Vladimir A Morozov Viet Loan Dao Thi Joachim Denner The transmembrane protein of the human endogenous retrovirus--K (HERV-K) modulates cytokine release and gene expression.
description	Numerous copies of endogenous retroviruses are present in the genome of mammals including man. Although most of them are defective, some, e.g., the human endogenous retroviruses HERV-K, were found to be expressed under certain physiological conditions. For instance, HERV-K is expressed in germ cell tumours and melanomas as well as in the placenta. Most exogenous retroviruses including the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 induce severe immunodeficiencies and there is increasing evidence that the transmembrane envelope (TM) proteins of these retroviruses may be involved. We show here that HERV-K particles released from a human teratocarcinoma cell line, a recombinant TM protein and a peptide corresponding to a highly conserved so-called immunosuppressive domain in the TM protein of HERV-K inhibit the proliferation of human immune cells, induce modulation of the expression of numerous cytokines, and modulate the expression of cellular genes as detected by a microarray analysis. The changes in cytokine release and gene expression induced by the TM protein of HERV-K are similar to those found previously induced by the TM protein of HIV-1. These data suggest that the mechanism of immunosuppression may be similar for different retroviruses and that the expression of the TM protein in tumours and in the placenta may suppress immune responses and thus prevent rejection of the tumour and the embryo.
format	article
author	Vladimir A Morozov Viet Loan Dao Thi Joachim Denner
author_facet	Vladimir A Morozov Viet Loan Dao Thi Joachim Denner
author_sort	Vladimir A Morozov
title	The transmembrane protein of the human endogenous retrovirus--K (HERV-K) modulates cytokine release and gene expression.
title_short	The transmembrane protein of the human endogenous retrovirus--K (HERV-K) modulates cytokine release and gene expression.
title_full	The transmembrane protein of the human endogenous retrovirus--K (HERV-K) modulates cytokine release and gene expression.
title_fullStr	The transmembrane protein of the human endogenous retrovirus--K (HERV-K) modulates cytokine release and gene expression.
title_full_unstemmed	The transmembrane protein of the human endogenous retrovirus--K (HERV-K) modulates cytokine release and gene expression.
title_sort	transmembrane protein of the human endogenous retrovirus--k (herv-k) modulates cytokine release and gene expression.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/7956093e170d4fb5ad11d230179efb66
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The transmembrane protein of the human endogenous retrovirus--K (HERV-K) modulates cytokine release and gene expression.

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