$Nano-copper-bearing stainless steel promotes fracture healing by accelerating the callus evolution process$
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Nano-copper-bearing stainless steel promotes fracture healing by accelerating the callus evolution process

Lei Wang,1,* Guoyuan Li,1,* Ling Ren,2,* Xiangdong Kong,1 Yugang Wang,1 Xiuguo Han,1 Wenbo Jiang,3 Kerong Dai,1 Ke Yang,2 Yongqiang Hao11Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Med...

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Autores principales:	Wang L, Li G, Ren L, Kong X, Wang Y, Han X, Jiang W, Dai K, Yang K, Hao Y
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2017
Materias:	nano-copper-bearing stainless steel lysyl oxidase osteogenesis fracture healing callus evolution Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/79756e6db7044c7696497d912c040ac3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:79756e6db7044c7696497d912c040ac32021-12-02T00:39:22ZNano-copper-bearing stainless steel promotes fracture healing by accelerating the callus evolution process1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/79756e6db7044c7696497d912c040ac32017-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/nano-copper-bearing-stainless-steel-promotes-fracture-healing-by-accel-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Lei Wang,1,* Guoyuan Li,1,* Ling Ren,2,* Xiangdong Kong,1 Yugang Wang,1 Xiuguo Han,1 Wenbo Jiang,3 Kerong Dai,1 Ke Yang,2 Yongqiang Hao11Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 2Special Materials and Device Research Department, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 3Medical 3D Printing Innovation Research Center, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Treatment for fractures requires internal fixation devices, which are mainly produced from stainless steel or titanium alloy without biological functions. Therefore, we developed a novel nano-copper-bearing stainless steel with nano-sized copper-precipitation (317L-Cu SS). Based on previous studies, this work explores the effect of 317L-Cu SS on fracture healing; that is, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, osteogenesis-related gene expression, and lysyl oxidase activity of human bone mesenchymal stem cells were detected in vitro. Sprague–Dawley rats were used to build an animal fracture model, and fracture healing and callus evolution were investigated by radiology (X-ray and micro-CT), histology (H&E, Masson, and safranin O/fast green staining), and histomorphometry. Further, the Cu2+ content and Runx2 level in the callus were determined, and local mechanical test of the fracture was performed to assess the healing quality. Our results revealed that 317L-Cu SS did not affect the proliferation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells, but promoted osteogenic differentiation and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes. In addition, 317L-Cu SS upregulated the lysyl oxidase activity. The X-ray and micro-CT results showed that the callus evolution efficiency and fracture healing speed were superior for 317L-Cu SS. Histological staining displayed large amounts of fibrous tissues at 3 weeks, and cartilage and new bone at 6 weeks. Further, histomorphometric analysis indicated that the callus possessed higher osteogenic efficiency at 6 weeks, and a high Cu2+ content and increased Runx2 expression were observed in the callus for 317L-Cu SS. Besides, the mechanical strength of the fracture site was much better than that of the control group. Overall, we conclude that 317L-Cu SS possesses the ability to increase Cu2+ content and promote osteogenesis in the callus, which could accelerate the callus evolution process and bone formation to provide faster and better fracture healing. Keywords: nano-sized copper, lysyl oxidase, osteogenesis, fracture healing, callus evolution Wang LLi GRen LKong XWang YHan XJiang WDai KYang KHao YDove Medical Pressarticlenano-copper-bearing stainless steellysyl oxidaseosteogenesisfracture healingcallus evolutionMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 12, Pp 8443-8457 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	nano-copper-bearing stainless steel lysyl oxidase osteogenesis fracture healing callus evolution Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	nano-copper-bearing stainless steel lysyl oxidase osteogenesis fracture healing callus evolution Medicine (General) R5-920 Wang L Li G Ren L Kong X Wang Y Han X Jiang W Dai K Yang K Hao Y Nano-copper-bearing stainless steel promotes fracture healing by accelerating the callus evolution process
description	Lei Wang,1,* Guoyuan Li,1,* Ling Ren,2,* Xiangdong Kong,1 Yugang Wang,1 Xiuguo Han,1 Wenbo Jiang,3 Kerong Dai,1 Ke Yang,2 Yongqiang Hao11Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 2Special Materials and Device Research Department, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 3Medical 3D Printing Innovation Research Center, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Treatment for fractures requires internal fixation devices, which are mainly produced from stainless steel or titanium alloy without biological functions. Therefore, we developed a novel nano-copper-bearing stainless steel with nano-sized copper-precipitation (317L-Cu SS). Based on previous studies, this work explores the effect of 317L-Cu SS on fracture healing; that is, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, osteogenesis-related gene expression, and lysyl oxidase activity of human bone mesenchymal stem cells were detected in vitro. Sprague–Dawley rats were used to build an animal fracture model, and fracture healing and callus evolution were investigated by radiology (X-ray and micro-CT), histology (H&E, Masson, and safranin O/fast green staining), and histomorphometry. Further, the Cu2+ content and Runx2 level in the callus were determined, and local mechanical test of the fracture was performed to assess the healing quality. Our results revealed that 317L-Cu SS did not affect the proliferation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells, but promoted osteogenic differentiation and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes. In addition, 317L-Cu SS upregulated the lysyl oxidase activity. The X-ray and micro-CT results showed that the callus evolution efficiency and fracture healing speed were superior for 317L-Cu SS. Histological staining displayed large amounts of fibrous tissues at 3 weeks, and cartilage and new bone at 6 weeks. Further, histomorphometric analysis indicated that the callus possessed higher osteogenic efficiency at 6 weeks, and a high Cu2+ content and increased Runx2 expression were observed in the callus for 317L-Cu SS. Besides, the mechanical strength of the fracture site was much better than that of the control group. Overall, we conclude that 317L-Cu SS possesses the ability to increase Cu2+ content and promote osteogenesis in the callus, which could accelerate the callus evolution process and bone formation to provide faster and better fracture healing. Keywords: nano-sized copper, lysyl oxidase, osteogenesis, fracture healing, callus evolution
format	article
author	Wang L Li G Ren L Kong X Wang Y Han X Jiang W Dai K Yang K Hao Y
author_facet	Wang L Li G Ren L Kong X Wang Y Han X Jiang W Dai K Yang K Hao Y
author_sort	Wang L
title	Nano-copper-bearing stainless steel promotes fracture healing by accelerating the callus evolution process
title_short	Nano-copper-bearing stainless steel promotes fracture healing by accelerating the callus evolution process
title_full	Nano-copper-bearing stainless steel promotes fracture healing by accelerating the callus evolution process
title_fullStr	Nano-copper-bearing stainless steel promotes fracture healing by accelerating the callus evolution process
title_full_unstemmed	Nano-copper-bearing stainless steel promotes fracture healing by accelerating the callus evolution process
title_sort	nano-copper-bearing stainless steel promotes fracture healing by accelerating the callus evolution process
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/79756e6db7044c7696497d912c040ac3
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Nano-copper-bearing stainless steel promotes fracture healing by accelerating the callus evolution process

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