Intestinal schistosomiasis among schoolchildren in Sana'a Governorate, Yemen: Prevalence, associated factors and its effect on nutritional status and anemia.

Intestinal schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease, causing morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical countries. Despite the frequent implementation of mass drug administration with praziquantel, the reinfection with Schistosoma mansoni is still common in Yemen. In addition, there...

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Autores principales:	Sami Ahmed Al-Haidari, Mohammed A K Mahdy, Abdulsalam M Al-Mekhlafi, Walid M S Al Murisi, Ahmed Ali Qaid Thabit, Mohammed Abdullah Al-Amad, Hassan Al-Shamahi, Othman Saeed Bahashwan, Abdulwahed Al Serouri
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7989fa3b5a134b2a98d24df90fca3922
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7989fa3b5a134b2a98d24df90fca39222021-12-02T20:24:04ZIntestinal schistosomiasis among schoolchildren in Sana'a Governorate, Yemen: Prevalence, associated factors and its effect on nutritional status and anemia.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009757https://doaj.org/article/7989fa3b5a134b2a98d24df90fca39222021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009757https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735Intestinal schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease, causing morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical countries. Despite the frequent implementation of mass drug administration with praziquantel, the reinfection with Schistosoma mansoni is still common in Yemen. In addition, there is a scarcity of information on the impact of S. mansoni on nutritional status and anemia among schoolchildren. The present study aimed to determine prevalence and risk factors of intestinal schistosomiasis and investigate its impact on nutritional status and anemia among schoolchildren in Sana'a Governorate, Yemen. It was conducted in 2018 on 445 schoolchildren aged 5-15 years. Biodata, socio-economic, demographic, behavioral and environmental data were collected using a standard questionnaire. S. mansoni was identified and quantified by microscopic examination of Kato-Katz fecal smear. Hemoglobin concentration and anthropometric measurements were estimated using standard methods. The prevalence of S. mansoni was higher in Al-Haimah Al-Dakheliah (33.9%) than Bani Mater (1.4%). Household without tap water (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 2.9, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.12, 7.55, P = 0.028) was the independent risk factor of the infection. The prevalence of wasting and stunting was 25.0% (95%CI: 21.2%, 29.2%) and 45.8% (95%CI: 41.2%, 50.5%), respectively. The prevalence of underweight among schoolchildren aged 5-10 years was 27.3% (95%CI: 21.9%, 33.4%). The prevalence of anemia was 31.7% (95%CI: 27.5%, 36.2%) with 0.5%, 21.1% and 10.1% being severe, moderate and mild anemia, respectively. S. mansoni (AOR = 4.1, 95%CI: 2.16, 7.84, P < 0.001) and early adolescence (AOR = 6.8, 95%CI: 4.26, 10.82, P < 0.001) were independent predictors of stunting among schoolchildren. The early adolescent schoolchildren (AOR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.86, 4.97, P < 0.001) and children from families with low (AOR = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.01, 4.15, P = 0.046) or moderate wealth (AOR = 2.3, 95%CI: 1.11, 4.77, P = 0.026) were significantly more wasted. Early adolescence (AOR = 1.8, 95%CI:1.14, 2.78, P = 0.011), female (AOR = 1.6, 95%CI: 1.03, 2.43, P = 0.038) and Al-Haimah Al-Dakheliah District (AOR = 3.4, 95%CI: 1.20, 9.55, P = 0.021) were independent risk factors for anemia. The study findings indicate highly focal prevalence of schistosomiasis in Sana'a Governorate with a public health significance that varies from low to high risk. Approximately half of schoolchildren were stunted, which was associated with S. mansoni infection and early adolescence. One quarter of schoolchildren were wasted with early adolescent schoolchildren and children from poor families being at high risk of wasting. Anemia was a moderate public health threat affecting the female and the early adolescent schoolchildren. The study suggests the implementation of control measures to combat schistosomiasis and integrated diseases control programmes to improve the health status of schoolchildren in Sana'a Governorate.Sami Ahmed Al-HaidariMohammed A K MahdyAbdulsalam M Al-MekhlafiWalid M S Al MurisiAhmed Ali Qaid ThabitMohammed Abdullah Al-AmadHassan Al-ShamahiOthman Saeed BahashwanAbdulwahed Al SerouriPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 9, p e0009757 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Sami Ahmed Al-Haidari Mohammed A K Mahdy Abdulsalam M Al-Mekhlafi Walid M S Al Murisi Ahmed Ali Qaid Thabit Mohammed Abdullah Al-Amad Hassan Al-Shamahi Othman Saeed Bahashwan Abdulwahed Al Serouri Intestinal schistosomiasis among schoolchildren in Sana'a Governorate, Yemen: Prevalence, associated factors and its effect on nutritional status and anemia.
description	Intestinal schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease, causing morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical countries. Despite the frequent implementation of mass drug administration with praziquantel, the reinfection with Schistosoma mansoni is still common in Yemen. In addition, there is a scarcity of information on the impact of S. mansoni on nutritional status and anemia among schoolchildren. The present study aimed to determine prevalence and risk factors of intestinal schistosomiasis and investigate its impact on nutritional status and anemia among schoolchildren in Sana'a Governorate, Yemen. It was conducted in 2018 on 445 schoolchildren aged 5-15 years. Biodata, socio-economic, demographic, behavioral and environmental data were collected using a standard questionnaire. S. mansoni was identified and quantified by microscopic examination of Kato-Katz fecal smear. Hemoglobin concentration and anthropometric measurements were estimated using standard methods. The prevalence of S. mansoni was higher in Al-Haimah Al-Dakheliah (33.9%) than Bani Mater (1.4%). Household without tap water (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 2.9, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.12, 7.55, P = 0.028) was the independent risk factor of the infection. The prevalence of wasting and stunting was 25.0% (95%CI: 21.2%, 29.2%) and 45.8% (95%CI: 41.2%, 50.5%), respectively. The prevalence of underweight among schoolchildren aged 5-10 years was 27.3% (95%CI: 21.9%, 33.4%). The prevalence of anemia was 31.7% (95%CI: 27.5%, 36.2%) with 0.5%, 21.1% and 10.1% being severe, moderate and mild anemia, respectively. S. mansoni (AOR = 4.1, 95%CI: 2.16, 7.84, P < 0.001) and early adolescence (AOR = 6.8, 95%CI: 4.26, 10.82, P < 0.001) were independent predictors of stunting among schoolchildren. The early adolescent schoolchildren (AOR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.86, 4.97, P < 0.001) and children from families with low (AOR = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.01, 4.15, P = 0.046) or moderate wealth (AOR = 2.3, 95%CI: 1.11, 4.77, P = 0.026) were significantly more wasted. Early adolescence (AOR = 1.8, 95%CI:1.14, 2.78, P = 0.011), female (AOR = 1.6, 95%CI: 1.03, 2.43, P = 0.038) and Al-Haimah Al-Dakheliah District (AOR = 3.4, 95%CI: 1.20, 9.55, P = 0.021) were independent risk factors for anemia. The study findings indicate highly focal prevalence of schistosomiasis in Sana'a Governorate with a public health significance that varies from low to high risk. Approximately half of schoolchildren were stunted, which was associated with S. mansoni infection and early adolescence. One quarter of schoolchildren were wasted with early adolescent schoolchildren and children from poor families being at high risk of wasting. Anemia was a moderate public health threat affecting the female and the early adolescent schoolchildren. The study suggests the implementation of control measures to combat schistosomiasis and integrated diseases control programmes to improve the health status of schoolchildren in Sana'a Governorate.
format	article
author	Sami Ahmed Al-Haidari Mohammed A K Mahdy Abdulsalam M Al-Mekhlafi Walid M S Al Murisi Ahmed Ali Qaid Thabit Mohammed Abdullah Al-Amad Hassan Al-Shamahi Othman Saeed Bahashwan Abdulwahed Al Serouri
author_facet	Sami Ahmed Al-Haidari Mohammed A K Mahdy Abdulsalam M Al-Mekhlafi Walid M S Al Murisi Ahmed Ali Qaid Thabit Mohammed Abdullah Al-Amad Hassan Al-Shamahi Othman Saeed Bahashwan Abdulwahed Al Serouri
author_sort	Sami Ahmed Al-Haidari
title	Intestinal schistosomiasis among schoolchildren in Sana'a Governorate, Yemen: Prevalence, associated factors and its effect on nutritional status and anemia.
title_short	Intestinal schistosomiasis among schoolchildren in Sana'a Governorate, Yemen: Prevalence, associated factors and its effect on nutritional status and anemia.
title_full	Intestinal schistosomiasis among schoolchildren in Sana'a Governorate, Yemen: Prevalence, associated factors and its effect on nutritional status and anemia.
title_fullStr	Intestinal schistosomiasis among schoolchildren in Sana'a Governorate, Yemen: Prevalence, associated factors and its effect on nutritional status and anemia.
title_full_unstemmed	Intestinal schistosomiasis among schoolchildren in Sana'a Governorate, Yemen: Prevalence, associated factors and its effect on nutritional status and anemia.
title_sort	intestinal schistosomiasis among schoolchildren in sana'a governorate, yemen: prevalence, associated factors and its effect on nutritional status and anemia.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7989fa3b5a134b2a98d24df90fca3922
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Intestinal schistosomiasis among schoolchildren in Sana'a Governorate, Yemen: Prevalence, associated factors and its effect on nutritional status and anemia.

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