Three-dimensional ecological footprint based on ecosystem service value and their drivers: A case study of Urumqi

Natural capital is essential for human survival, continuation of modern civilization, and realization of sustainable development goals. Therefore a scientific framework is required for evaluating regional natural capital consumption and its capacity for ensuring sustainable development. Regional sus...

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Autores principales:	Penghui Li, Ruqian Zhang, Liping Xu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Three-dimensional ecological footprint model Local parameter National hectare Urumqi city China Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/798b179def644c51a90ddaf0a6c20152
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:798b179def644c51a90ddaf0a6c201522021-12-01T04:59:26ZThree-dimensional ecological footprint based on ecosystem service value and their drivers: A case study of Urumqi1470-160X10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108117https://doaj.org/article/798b179def644c51a90ddaf0a6c201522021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21007822https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XNatural capital is essential for human survival, continuation of modern civilization, and realization of sustainable development goals. Therefore a scientific framework is required for evaluating regional natural capital consumption and its capacity for ensuring sustainable development. Regional sustainability assessment can be conducted by applying the ecological footprint theory and modeling methods. However, traditional models focus on the production function of land, while disregarding the versatility of ecosystems and therefore cannot demonstrate the supply–demand relationship and their balance for ecological footprint based on the flows of ecosystem services. In this study, an ecological footprint model based on ecosystem service values was developed and used to measure the ecological footprint and carrying capacity of Urumqi city in China during 1995–2018. Subsequently, the partial least squares method was used to identify the factors driving the changes in the ecological footprint depth of Urumqi. The results showed that: (1) the equivalence factors of Urumqi were relatively stable, in the following order: water area (7.81) > forest land (2.08) > grassland (0.67) > cultivated land (0.35). The yield factors varied highly, in the following order: cultivated land (1.08) > forest land (0.78) > water area (0.76) > grassland (0.72). (2) During 1995–2018, the per capita ecological footprint increased by 2.83 times, ecological carrying capacity decreased by 34.74%, and ecological deficits increased by 15.76 times. Moreover, the energy land-use contribution to the deficits was larger than that of other land categories owing to its high proportion and rapid growth. (3) Within 24 years, the ecological footprint of Urumqi increased in size and depth by 1.78 and 2.45 times, respectively. Therefore, Urumqi requires approximately quadruple the current land area to meet the residents’ resource consumption demands under sustainable development. (4) The three extremely important factors influencing the change in ecological footprint depth in Urumqi were built-up area, permanent resident population, and per capita gross domestic product (GDP), with the values of variable importance in projection being 1.17, 1.15, and 1.15, respectively. Compared with the traditional model, the improved model proposed has the advantages of reducing accounting errors, reflecting product attributes, and considering land versatility. The results may facilitate the reasonable use and management of natural capital in Urumqi, thereby promoting the sustainable social, economic, and environmental development of the city. They also provide reference for the sustainable development of similar oasis cities and arid regions with high ecological security risk.Penghui LiRuqian ZhangLiping XuElsevierarticleThree-dimensional ecological footprint modelLocal parameterNational hectareUrumqi cityChinaEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Indicators, Vol 131, Iss , Pp 108117- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Three-dimensional ecological footprint model Local parameter National hectare Urumqi city China Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Three-dimensional ecological footprint model Local parameter National hectare Urumqi city China Ecology QH540-549.5 Penghui Li Ruqian Zhang Liping Xu Three-dimensional ecological footprint based on ecosystem service value and their drivers: A case study of Urumqi
description	Natural capital is essential for human survival, continuation of modern civilization, and realization of sustainable development goals. Therefore a scientific framework is required for evaluating regional natural capital consumption and its capacity for ensuring sustainable development. Regional sustainability assessment can be conducted by applying the ecological footprint theory and modeling methods. However, traditional models focus on the production function of land, while disregarding the versatility of ecosystems and therefore cannot demonstrate the supply–demand relationship and their balance for ecological footprint based on the flows of ecosystem services. In this study, an ecological footprint model based on ecosystem service values was developed and used to measure the ecological footprint and carrying capacity of Urumqi city in China during 1995–2018. Subsequently, the partial least squares method was used to identify the factors driving the changes in the ecological footprint depth of Urumqi. The results showed that: (1) the equivalence factors of Urumqi were relatively stable, in the following order: water area (7.81) > forest land (2.08) > grassland (0.67) > cultivated land (0.35). The yield factors varied highly, in the following order: cultivated land (1.08) > forest land (0.78) > water area (0.76) > grassland (0.72). (2) During 1995–2018, the per capita ecological footprint increased by 2.83 times, ecological carrying capacity decreased by 34.74%, and ecological deficits increased by 15.76 times. Moreover, the energy land-use contribution to the deficits was larger than that of other land categories owing to its high proportion and rapid growth. (3) Within 24 years, the ecological footprint of Urumqi increased in size and depth by 1.78 and 2.45 times, respectively. Therefore, Urumqi requires approximately quadruple the current land area to meet the residents’ resource consumption demands under sustainable development. (4) The three extremely important factors influencing the change in ecological footprint depth in Urumqi were built-up area, permanent resident population, and per capita gross domestic product (GDP), with the values of variable importance in projection being 1.17, 1.15, and 1.15, respectively. Compared with the traditional model, the improved model proposed has the advantages of reducing accounting errors, reflecting product attributes, and considering land versatility. The results may facilitate the reasonable use and management of natural capital in Urumqi, thereby promoting the sustainable social, economic, and environmental development of the city. They also provide reference for the sustainable development of similar oasis cities and arid regions with high ecological security risk.
format	article
author	Penghui Li Ruqian Zhang Liping Xu
author_facet	Penghui Li Ruqian Zhang Liping Xu
author_sort	Penghui Li
title	Three-dimensional ecological footprint based on ecosystem service value and their drivers: A case study of Urumqi
title_short	Three-dimensional ecological footprint based on ecosystem service value and their drivers: A case study of Urumqi
title_full	Three-dimensional ecological footprint based on ecosystem service value and their drivers: A case study of Urumqi
title_fullStr	Three-dimensional ecological footprint based on ecosystem service value and their drivers: A case study of Urumqi
title_full_unstemmed	Three-dimensional ecological footprint based on ecosystem service value and their drivers: A case study of Urumqi
title_sort	three-dimensional ecological footprint based on ecosystem service value and their drivers: a case study of urumqi
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/798b179def644c51a90ddaf0a6c20152
work_keys_str_mv	AT penghuili threedimensionalecologicalfootprintbasedonecosystemservicevalueandtheirdriversacasestudyofurumqi AT ruqianzhang threedimensionalecologicalfootprintbasedonecosystemservicevalueandtheirdriversacasestudyofurumqi AT lipingxu threedimensionalecologicalfootprintbasedonecosystemservicevalueandtheirdriversacasestudyofurumqi
_version_	1718405609184821248

Three-dimensional ecological footprint based on ecosystem service value and their drivers: A case study of Urumqi

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