Hopping or Jumping on the Cliffs: The Unusual Phylogeographical and Demographic Structure of an Extremely Narrow Endemic Mediterranean Plant

Several past and recent climatic and geological events have greatly influenced the current distribution of coastal species around the Mediterranean Basin. As a consequence, the reconstruction of the distributional history of these species is challenging. In this study, we used both chloroplast and n...

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Autores principales:	Sandro Strumia, Annalisa Santangelo, Teresa Rosa Galise, Salvatore Cozzolino, Donata Cafasso
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	contemporary and historical gene flow ddRAD DIYABC halophytes IUCN long distance dispersal Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/79c93ac7bb12403ba1915485f725ac74
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:79c93ac7bb12403ba1915485f725ac742021-11-10T05:54:25ZHopping or Jumping on the Cliffs: The Unusual Phylogeographical and Demographic Structure of an Extremely Narrow Endemic Mediterranean Plant1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.737111https://doaj.org/article/79c93ac7bb12403ba1915485f725ac742021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.737111/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XSeveral past and recent climatic and geological events have greatly influenced the current distribution of coastal species around the Mediterranean Basin. As a consequence, the reconstruction of the distributional history of these species is challenging. In this study, we used both chloroplast and nuclear SNPs to assess the levels of genetic differentiation, contemporary/historical levels of gene flow, and demographic history for the three only known (one mainland and two insular) populations of Eokochia saxicola, a rare Mediterranean coastal rocky halophyte. Plastid genome analysis revealed very low intraspecific haplotype variation and partial admixture among Capri and Palinuro populations with at least two independent colonization events for the Strombolicchio islet. Nuclear SNPs variation consistently identified three distinct genetic clusters corresponding to our sampling localities. Furthermore, strong genetic isolation was confirmed by both historical and contemporary levels of migration among the three populations. The DIYABC analysis identified two introductions temporally separated from Palinuro to Capri (ca.25 Mya) and subsequently to Strombolicchio (ca.09 Mya) as the most likely hypothesis for the current distribution of E. saxicola. Regardless of their small population sizes, all study sites supported high-genetic diversity maintained by outcrossing and random mating between individuals owing largely to wind pollination, an exclusive trait among Mediterranean narrow endemics. In conclusion, the patterns observed confirm that some Mediterranean endemics are not necessarily “evolutionary dead-ends” but rather represent species that have extensive demographic stability and a strong evolutionary legacy.Sandro StrumiaAnnalisa SantangeloTeresa Rosa GaliseSalvatore CozzolinoDonata CafassoFrontiers Media S.A.articlecontemporary and historical gene flowddRADDIYABChalophytesIUCNlong distance dispersalPlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	contemporary and historical gene flow ddRAD DIYABC halophytes IUCN long distance dispersal Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	contemporary and historical gene flow ddRAD DIYABC halophytes IUCN long distance dispersal Plant culture SB1-1110 Sandro Strumia Annalisa Santangelo Teresa Rosa Galise Salvatore Cozzolino Donata Cafasso Hopping or Jumping on the Cliffs: The Unusual Phylogeographical and Demographic Structure of an Extremely Narrow Endemic Mediterranean Plant
description	Several past and recent climatic and geological events have greatly influenced the current distribution of coastal species around the Mediterranean Basin. As a consequence, the reconstruction of the distributional history of these species is challenging. In this study, we used both chloroplast and nuclear SNPs to assess the levels of genetic differentiation, contemporary/historical levels of gene flow, and demographic history for the three only known (one mainland and two insular) populations of Eokochia saxicola, a rare Mediterranean coastal rocky halophyte. Plastid genome analysis revealed very low intraspecific haplotype variation and partial admixture among Capri and Palinuro populations with at least two independent colonization events for the Strombolicchio islet. Nuclear SNPs variation consistently identified three distinct genetic clusters corresponding to our sampling localities. Furthermore, strong genetic isolation was confirmed by both historical and contemporary levels of migration among the three populations. The DIYABC analysis identified two introductions temporally separated from Palinuro to Capri (ca.25 Mya) and subsequently to Strombolicchio (ca.09 Mya) as the most likely hypothesis for the current distribution of E. saxicola. Regardless of their small population sizes, all study sites supported high-genetic diversity maintained by outcrossing and random mating between individuals owing largely to wind pollination, an exclusive trait among Mediterranean narrow endemics. In conclusion, the patterns observed confirm that some Mediterranean endemics are not necessarily “evolutionary dead-ends” but rather represent species that have extensive demographic stability and a strong evolutionary legacy.
format	article
author	Sandro Strumia Annalisa Santangelo Teresa Rosa Galise Salvatore Cozzolino Donata Cafasso
author_facet	Sandro Strumia Annalisa Santangelo Teresa Rosa Galise Salvatore Cozzolino Donata Cafasso
author_sort	Sandro Strumia
title	Hopping or Jumping on the Cliffs: The Unusual Phylogeographical and Demographic Structure of an Extremely Narrow Endemic Mediterranean Plant
title_short	Hopping or Jumping on the Cliffs: The Unusual Phylogeographical and Demographic Structure of an Extremely Narrow Endemic Mediterranean Plant
title_full	Hopping or Jumping on the Cliffs: The Unusual Phylogeographical and Demographic Structure of an Extremely Narrow Endemic Mediterranean Plant
title_fullStr	Hopping or Jumping on the Cliffs: The Unusual Phylogeographical and Demographic Structure of an Extremely Narrow Endemic Mediterranean Plant
title_full_unstemmed	Hopping or Jumping on the Cliffs: The Unusual Phylogeographical and Demographic Structure of an Extremely Narrow Endemic Mediterranean Plant
title_sort	hopping or jumping on the cliffs: the unusual phylogeographical and demographic structure of an extremely narrow endemic mediterranean plant
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/79c93ac7bb12403ba1915485f725ac74
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Hopping or Jumping on the Cliffs: The Unusual Phylogeographical and Demographic Structure of an Extremely Narrow Endemic Mediterranean Plant

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