Physical properties of menstrual hygiene waste as feedstock for onsite disposal technologies

Onsite incinerators offer a promising solution to the challenges of menstrual waste disposal, particularly in institutional settings. However, thermochemical processes are well known to depend on the nature of the feedstocks and their moisture content (MC). An analysis is presented of the physical p...

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Autores principales:	Sarani Sasidaran, Prateek Kachoria, Antony Raj, Sudha Ramalingam, Brian R. Stoner, Katelyn L. Sellgren, Sonia Grego
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	incineration menstrual health and hygiene (mhh) moisture content pads sanitation Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7a4506f7b27945f1af358aa0a67f8d33
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7a4506f7b27945f1af358aa0a67f8d332021-11-05T19:32:11ZPhysical properties of menstrual hygiene waste as feedstock for onsite disposal technologies2043-90832408-936210.2166/washdev.2021.262https://doaj.org/article/7a4506f7b27945f1af358aa0a67f8d332021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttp://washdev.iwaponline.com/content/11/3/474https://doaj.org/toc/2043-9083https://doaj.org/toc/2408-9362Onsite incinerators offer a promising solution to the challenges of menstrual waste disposal, particularly in institutional settings. However, thermochemical processes are well known to depend on the nature of the feedstocks and their moisture content (MC). An analysis is presented of the physical properties of menstrual waste as potential feedstock for onsite incinerators. Waste was generated in three institutional settings – from women of wide age range and from people with different socioeconomic backgrounds such as workers and students. Over 10 separate collections, 613 discarded menstrual pads were obtained with over 93% of the waste representing commercially disposable pads and less than 7% of the waste appearing to be homemade cloth pads. A surprising finding of this study was that a significant fraction of the commercially disposed pads (23–37%) had a large wet weight (over 20 g) which was associated with MC exceeding 50 wt%. This high MC was attributed to the practice of washing the pads prior to disposal, and it was much higher than what is standard for thermal processing. These data suggest that testing protocols for menstrual waste incinerator technology performance should include an evaluation of the effects of higher MC, unfolded pads, and occasional cloth pads. HIGHLIGHTS Menstrual waste consists mainly of commercially disposable pads (93% or more) and of homemade cloth pads (6–7%).; This study found that nearly a third of commercial pad waste had a wet weight of over 20 g, which was associated with moisture content (MC) exceeding 50 wt%.; High MC waste is attributed to the practice of washing pads prior to disposal.; Moist waste may result in pollutant emission and incomplete processing by onsite incinerators.;Sarani SasidaranPrateek KachoriaAntony RajSudha RamalingamBrian R. StonerKatelyn L. SellgrenSonia GregoIWA Publishingarticleincinerationmenstrual health and hygiene (mhh)moisture contentpadssanitationEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENJournal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, Vol 11, Iss 3, Pp 474-482 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	incineration menstrual health and hygiene (mhh) moisture content pads sanitation Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	incineration menstrual health and hygiene (mhh) moisture content pads sanitation Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Sarani Sasidaran Prateek Kachoria Antony Raj Sudha Ramalingam Brian R. Stoner Katelyn L. Sellgren Sonia Grego Physical properties of menstrual hygiene waste as feedstock for onsite disposal technologies
description	Onsite incinerators offer a promising solution to the challenges of menstrual waste disposal, particularly in institutional settings. However, thermochemical processes are well known to depend on the nature of the feedstocks and their moisture content (MC). An analysis is presented of the physical properties of menstrual waste as potential feedstock for onsite incinerators. Waste was generated in three institutional settings – from women of wide age range and from people with different socioeconomic backgrounds such as workers and students. Over 10 separate collections, 613 discarded menstrual pads were obtained with over 93% of the waste representing commercially disposable pads and less than 7% of the waste appearing to be homemade cloth pads. A surprising finding of this study was that a significant fraction of the commercially disposed pads (23–37%) had a large wet weight (over 20 g) which was associated with MC exceeding 50 wt%. This high MC was attributed to the practice of washing the pads prior to disposal, and it was much higher than what is standard for thermal processing. These data suggest that testing protocols for menstrual waste incinerator technology performance should include an evaluation of the effects of higher MC, unfolded pads, and occasional cloth pads. HIGHLIGHTS Menstrual waste consists mainly of commercially disposable pads (93% or more) and of homemade cloth pads (6–7%).; This study found that nearly a third of commercial pad waste had a wet weight of over 20 g, which was associated with moisture content (MC) exceeding 50 wt%.; High MC waste is attributed to the practice of washing pads prior to disposal.; Moist waste may result in pollutant emission and incomplete processing by onsite incinerators.;
format	article
author	Sarani Sasidaran Prateek Kachoria Antony Raj Sudha Ramalingam Brian R. Stoner Katelyn L. Sellgren Sonia Grego
author_facet	Sarani Sasidaran Prateek Kachoria Antony Raj Sudha Ramalingam Brian R. Stoner Katelyn L. Sellgren Sonia Grego
author_sort	Sarani Sasidaran
title	Physical properties of menstrual hygiene waste as feedstock for onsite disposal technologies
title_short	Physical properties of menstrual hygiene waste as feedstock for onsite disposal technologies
title_full	Physical properties of menstrual hygiene waste as feedstock for onsite disposal technologies
title_fullStr	Physical properties of menstrual hygiene waste as feedstock for onsite disposal technologies
title_full_unstemmed	Physical properties of menstrual hygiene waste as feedstock for onsite disposal technologies
title_sort	physical properties of menstrual hygiene waste as feedstock for onsite disposal technologies
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7a4506f7b27945f1af358aa0a67f8d33
work_keys_str_mv	AT saranisasidaran physicalpropertiesofmenstrualhygienewasteasfeedstockforonsitedisposaltechnologies AT prateekkachoria physicalpropertiesofmenstrualhygienewasteasfeedstockforonsitedisposaltechnologies AT antonyraj physicalpropertiesofmenstrualhygienewasteasfeedstockforonsitedisposaltechnologies AT sudharamalingam physicalpropertiesofmenstrualhygienewasteasfeedstockforonsitedisposaltechnologies AT brianrstoner physicalpropertiesofmenstrualhygienewasteasfeedstockforonsitedisposaltechnologies AT katelynlsellgren physicalpropertiesofmenstrualhygienewasteasfeedstockforonsitedisposaltechnologies AT soniagrego physicalpropertiesofmenstrualhygienewasteasfeedstockforonsitedisposaltechnologies
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Physical properties of menstrual hygiene waste as feedstock for onsite disposal technologies

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