Nanostructured delivery systems with improved leishmanicidal activity: a critical review

Natascia Bruni,1 Barbara Stella,2 Leonardo Giraudo,1 Carlo Della Pepa,2 Daniela Gastaldi,3 Franco Dosio2 1Candioli Pharmaceutical Institute Srl, Beinasco, Italy; 2Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 3Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences...

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Autores principales:	Bruni N, Stella B, Giraudo L, Della Pepa C, Gastaldi D, Dosio F
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2017
Materias:	amphotericin B drug delivery systems drug targeting human leishmaniasis polymeric nanoparticle . Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7a6e5040b8c04bb1a471865f0d69970f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7a6e5040b8c04bb1a471865f0d69970f2021-12-02T02:48:58ZNanostructured delivery systems with improved leishmanicidal activity: a critical review1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/7a6e5040b8c04bb1a471865f0d69970f2017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/nanostructured-delivery-systems-with-improved-leishmanicidal-activity--peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Natascia Bruni,1 Barbara Stella,2 Leonardo Giraudo,1 Carlo Della Pepa,2 Daniela Gastaldi,3 Franco Dosio2 1Candioli Pharmaceutical Institute Srl, Beinasco, Italy; 2Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 3Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy Abstract: Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania, which are responsible for numerous clinical manifestations, such as cutaneous, visceral, and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, depending on the site of infection for particular species. These complexities threaten 350 million people in 98 countries worldwide. Amastigotes living within macrophage phagolysosomes are the principal target of antileishmanial treatment, but these are not an easy target as drugs must overcome major structural barriers. Furthermore, limitations on current therapy are related to efficacy, toxicity, and cost, as well as the length of treatment, which can increase parasitic resistance. Nanotechnology has emerged as an attractive alternative as conventional drugs delivered by nanosized carriers have improved bioavailability and reduced toxicity, together with other characteristics that help to relieve the burden of this disease. The significance of using colloidal carriers loaded with active agents derives from the physiological uptake route of intravenous administered nanosystems (the phagocyte system). Nanosystems are thus able to promote a high drug concentration in intracellular mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS)-infected cells. Moreover, the versatility of nanometric drug delivery systems for the deliberate transport of a range of molecules plays a pivotal role in the design of therapeutic strategies against leishmaniasis. This review discusses studies on nanocarriers that have greatly contributed to improving the efficacy of antileishmaniasis drugs, presenting a critical review and some suggestions for improving drug delivery. Keywords: amphotericin B, drug delivery systems, drug targeting, human leishmaniasis, polymeric nanoparticleBruni NStella BGiraudo LDella Pepa CGastaldi DDosio FDove Medical Pressarticleamphotericin Bdrug delivery systemsdrug targetinghuman leishmaniasispolymeric nanoparticle.Medicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 12, Pp 5289-5311 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	amphotericin B drug delivery systems drug targeting human leishmaniasis polymeric nanoparticle . Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	amphotericin B drug delivery systems drug targeting human leishmaniasis polymeric nanoparticle . Medicine (General) R5-920 Bruni N Stella B Giraudo L Della Pepa C Gastaldi D Dosio F Nanostructured delivery systems with improved leishmanicidal activity: a critical review
description	Natascia Bruni,1 Barbara Stella,2 Leonardo Giraudo,1 Carlo Della Pepa,2 Daniela Gastaldi,3 Franco Dosio2 1Candioli Pharmaceutical Institute Srl, Beinasco, Italy; 2Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 3Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy Abstract: Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania, which are responsible for numerous clinical manifestations, such as cutaneous, visceral, and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, depending on the site of infection for particular species. These complexities threaten 350 million people in 98 countries worldwide. Amastigotes living within macrophage phagolysosomes are the principal target of antileishmanial treatment, but these are not an easy target as drugs must overcome major structural barriers. Furthermore, limitations on current therapy are related to efficacy, toxicity, and cost, as well as the length of treatment, which can increase parasitic resistance. Nanotechnology has emerged as an attractive alternative as conventional drugs delivered by nanosized carriers have improved bioavailability and reduced toxicity, together with other characteristics that help to relieve the burden of this disease. The significance of using colloidal carriers loaded with active agents derives from the physiological uptake route of intravenous administered nanosystems (the phagocyte system). Nanosystems are thus able to promote a high drug concentration in intracellular mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS)-infected cells. Moreover, the versatility of nanometric drug delivery systems for the deliberate transport of a range of molecules plays a pivotal role in the design of therapeutic strategies against leishmaniasis. This review discusses studies on nanocarriers that have greatly contributed to improving the efficacy of antileishmaniasis drugs, presenting a critical review and some suggestions for improving drug delivery. Keywords: amphotericin B, drug delivery systems, drug targeting, human leishmaniasis, polymeric nanoparticle
format	article
author	Bruni N Stella B Giraudo L Della Pepa C Gastaldi D Dosio F
author_facet	Bruni N Stella B Giraudo L Della Pepa C Gastaldi D Dosio F
author_sort	Bruni N
title	Nanostructured delivery systems with improved leishmanicidal activity: a critical review
title_short	Nanostructured delivery systems with improved leishmanicidal activity: a critical review
title_full	Nanostructured delivery systems with improved leishmanicidal activity: a critical review
title_fullStr	Nanostructured delivery systems with improved leishmanicidal activity: a critical review
title_full_unstemmed	Nanostructured delivery systems with improved leishmanicidal activity: a critical review
title_sort	nanostructured delivery systems with improved leishmanicidal activity: a critical review
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/7a6e5040b8c04bb1a471865f0d69970f
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Nanostructured delivery systems with improved leishmanicidal activity: a critical review

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