Arterial stiffness is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial activation among persons with treated HIV in Zambia

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence is rising among persons with HIV (PLWH) in sub-Saharan Africa. Oxidative stress and endothelial activation, resulting in reduced vascular compliance, are contributors to CVD risk. However, there is a paucity of vascular health data in this populati...

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Autores principales:	Theresa Chikopela, Fastone Goma, Longa Kaluba, Wilbroad Mutale, Chris Guure, Douglas C. Heimburger, John R. Koethe
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	AOSIS 2021
Materias:	oxidative stress endothelial activation, endothelial dysfunction arterial stiffness, peroxynitrite Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7a87cf47aab246fcbe2c5e7ecb45f14f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7a87cf47aab246fcbe2c5e7ecb45f14f2021-11-24T07:47:22ZArterial stiffness is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial activation among persons with treated HIV in Zambia1608-96932078-675110.4102/sajhivmed.v22i1.1298https://doaj.org/article/7a87cf47aab246fcbe2c5e7ecb45f14f2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://sajhivmed.org.za/index.php/hivmed/article/view/1298https://doaj.org/toc/1608-9693https://doaj.org/toc/2078-6751Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence is rising among persons with HIV (PLWH) in sub-Saharan Africa. Oxidative stress and endothelial activation, resulting in reduced vascular compliance, are contributors to CVD risk. However, there is a paucity of vascular health data in this population. Objectives: To assess the relationships of oxidative stress and endothelial activation with vascular stiffness among PLWH. Method: Fifty-four PLWH on antiretroviral therapy 5 years and 57 HIV-negative controls, all aged 18–45 years, were enrolled from the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia. Oxidative stress was measured by nitrotyrosine, a peroxynitrite biomarker, and endothelial activation by soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) plasma levels. Vascular compliance was measured using carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (crPWV) and arterial stiffness index (crASI). Results: PLWH had higher sICAM-1 levels (median 345 ng/mL) compared to controls (275 ng/mL, p 0.01), as well as higher nitrotyrosine levels (297 versus 182 nM; p = 0.02). Median crPWV was similar between the groups, but PLWH had higher crASI (2.4 versus 2.2 cm/ms; p 0.05). After adjusting for age, fat mass, and blood pressure, the estimated effect of a one unit increase in nitrotyrosine on crPWV were twofold higher in the PLWH, but neither reached significance. In a model pooling all participants, there were significant differences in the relationship of nitrotyrosine with crPWV and crASI by HIV status. Conclusion: PLWH in sub-Saharan Africa had significantly greater oxidative stress and endothelial activation compared to HIV-negative individuals. These factors may contribute to increased arterial stiffness and higher CVD prevalence in this population.Theresa ChikopelaFastone GomaLonga KalubaWilbroad MutaleChris GuureDouglas C. HeimburgerJohn R. KoetheAOSISarticleoxidative stressendothelial activation, endothelial dysfunctionarterial stiffness, peroxynitritePublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENSouthern African Journal of HIV Medicine, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp e1-e13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	oxidative stress endothelial activation, endothelial dysfunction arterial stiffness, peroxynitrite Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	oxidative stress endothelial activation, endothelial dysfunction arterial stiffness, peroxynitrite Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Theresa Chikopela Fastone Goma Longa Kaluba Wilbroad Mutale Chris Guure Douglas C. Heimburger John R. Koethe Arterial stiffness is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial activation among persons with treated HIV in Zambia
description	Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence is rising among persons with HIV (PLWH) in sub-Saharan Africa. Oxidative stress and endothelial activation, resulting in reduced vascular compliance, are contributors to CVD risk. However, there is a paucity of vascular health data in this population. Objectives: To assess the relationships of oxidative stress and endothelial activation with vascular stiffness among PLWH. Method: Fifty-four PLWH on antiretroviral therapy 5 years and 57 HIV-negative controls, all aged 18–45 years, were enrolled from the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia. Oxidative stress was measured by nitrotyrosine, a peroxynitrite biomarker, and endothelial activation by soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) plasma levels. Vascular compliance was measured using carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (crPWV) and arterial stiffness index (crASI). Results: PLWH had higher sICAM-1 levels (median 345 ng/mL) compared to controls (275 ng/mL, p 0.01), as well as higher nitrotyrosine levels (297 versus 182 nM; p = 0.02). Median crPWV was similar between the groups, but PLWH had higher crASI (2.4 versus 2.2 cm/ms; p 0.05). After adjusting for age, fat mass, and blood pressure, the estimated effect of a one unit increase in nitrotyrosine on crPWV were twofold higher in the PLWH, but neither reached significance. In a model pooling all participants, there were significant differences in the relationship of nitrotyrosine with crPWV and crASI by HIV status. Conclusion: PLWH in sub-Saharan Africa had significantly greater oxidative stress and endothelial activation compared to HIV-negative individuals. These factors may contribute to increased arterial stiffness and higher CVD prevalence in this population.
format	article
author	Theresa Chikopela Fastone Goma Longa Kaluba Wilbroad Mutale Chris Guure Douglas C. Heimburger John R. Koethe
author_facet	Theresa Chikopela Fastone Goma Longa Kaluba Wilbroad Mutale Chris Guure Douglas C. Heimburger John R. Koethe
author_sort	Theresa Chikopela
title	Arterial stiffness is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial activation among persons with treated HIV in Zambia
title_short	Arterial stiffness is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial activation among persons with treated HIV in Zambia
title_full	Arterial stiffness is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial activation among persons with treated HIV in Zambia
title_fullStr	Arterial stiffness is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial activation among persons with treated HIV in Zambia
title_full_unstemmed	Arterial stiffness is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial activation among persons with treated HIV in Zambia
title_sort	arterial stiffness is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial activation among persons with treated hiv in zambia
publisher	AOSIS
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7a87cf47aab246fcbe2c5e7ecb45f14f
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Arterial stiffness is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial activation among persons with treated HIV in Zambia

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