Sleep positions and nocturnal body movements based on free-living accelerometer recordings: association with demographics, lifestyle, and insomnia symptoms

Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno,1,2 Paul Jarle Mork,1 Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen,1 Andreas Holtermann3,4 1Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 2Liaison Committee between Central Norway Regional Health Authority and NTNU, Trondheim, Norway; 3National R...

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Autores principales:	Skarpsno ES, Mork PJ, Nilsen TIL, Holtermann A
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2017
Materias:	Sleep sleep positions body movements accelerometers lifestyle Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7aabaa13be8a4061882416710968e4b1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7aabaa13be8a4061882416710968e4b12021-12-02T07:34:32ZSleep positions and nocturnal body movements based on free-living accelerometer recordings: association with demographics, lifestyle, and insomnia symptoms1179-1608https://doaj.org/article/7aabaa13be8a4061882416710968e4b12017-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/sleep-positions-and-nocturnal-body-movements-based-on-free-living-acce-peer-reviewed-article-NSShttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1608Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno,1,2 Paul Jarle Mork,1 Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen,1 Andreas Holtermann3,4 1Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 2Liaison Committee between Central Norway Regional Health Authority and NTNU, Trondheim, Norway; 3National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, 4Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark Background: In order to establish normative values for body positions and movements during sleep, the objective of this study was to explore the distribution of sleep positions and extent of nocturnal body moments and the association with sex, age, body-mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, and insomnia symptoms. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study comprised data on a working population (363 men and 301 women) who participated in the Danish Physical Activity Cohort with Objective Measurements (DPHACTO). Measures of body position and movements were obtained from actigraph accelerometers on the thigh, upper back, and upper arm. Linear regression was used to estimate adjusted mean differences in movements among categories of demographic and lifestyle characteristics. Results: During their time in bed, participants spent 54.1% (SD 18.1%) in the side position, 37.5% (SD 18.2%) in the back position, and 7.3% (SD 12.3%) in the front position. Increasing age and BMI were associated with increased time in the side position and a proportional reduction in time in the back position. There were on average 1.6 (SD 0.7) position shifts per hour. Compared to males, females had fewer position shifts (–0.37, 95% CI –0.48 to –0.24) and fewer arm, thigh, and upper-back movements. Participants aged 20–34 years had more arm, thigh, and upper-back movements compared to participants ≥35 years. Obese participants had fewer shifts in body position (–0.15, 95% CI –0.27 to 0), but more arm, thigh, and upper-back movements compared to normal-weight participants. Smokers had fewer shifts in body position than nonsmokers (–0.27, 95% CI –0.4 to –0.13). Conclusion: The predominant sleep position in adults is on the side. This preference increases with age and BMI. The extent of nocturnal body movements is associated with sex, age, BMI, and smoking. Keywords: sleep, sleep positions, body movements, accelerometers, lifestyle Skarpsno ESMork PJNilsen TILHoltermann ADove Medical PressarticleSleepsleep positionsbody movementsaccelerometerslifestylePsychiatryRC435-571Neurophysiology and neuropsychologyQP351-495ENNature and Science of Sleep, Vol Volume 9, Pp 267-275 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Sleep sleep positions body movements accelerometers lifestyle Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
spellingShingle	Sleep sleep positions body movements accelerometers lifestyle Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495 Skarpsno ES Mork PJ Nilsen TIL Holtermann A Sleep positions and nocturnal body movements based on free-living accelerometer recordings: association with demographics, lifestyle, and insomnia symptoms
description	Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno,1,2 Paul Jarle Mork,1 Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen,1 Andreas Holtermann3,4 1Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 2Liaison Committee between Central Norway Regional Health Authority and NTNU, Trondheim, Norway; 3National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, 4Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark Background: In order to establish normative values for body positions and movements during sleep, the objective of this study was to explore the distribution of sleep positions and extent of nocturnal body moments and the association with sex, age, body-mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, and insomnia symptoms. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study comprised data on a working population (363 men and 301 women) who participated in the Danish Physical Activity Cohort with Objective Measurements (DPHACTO). Measures of body position and movements were obtained from actigraph accelerometers on the thigh, upper back, and upper arm. Linear regression was used to estimate adjusted mean differences in movements among categories of demographic and lifestyle characteristics. Results: During their time in bed, participants spent 54.1% (SD 18.1%) in the side position, 37.5% (SD 18.2%) in the back position, and 7.3% (SD 12.3%) in the front position. Increasing age and BMI were associated with increased time in the side position and a proportional reduction in time in the back position. There were on average 1.6 (SD 0.7) position shifts per hour. Compared to males, females had fewer position shifts (–0.37, 95% CI –0.48 to –0.24) and fewer arm, thigh, and upper-back movements. Participants aged 20–34 years had more arm, thigh, and upper-back movements compared to participants ≥35 years. Obese participants had fewer shifts in body position (–0.15, 95% CI –0.27 to 0), but more arm, thigh, and upper-back movements compared to normal-weight participants. Smokers had fewer shifts in body position than nonsmokers (–0.27, 95% CI –0.4 to –0.13). Conclusion: The predominant sleep position in adults is on the side. This preference increases with age and BMI. The extent of nocturnal body movements is associated with sex, age, BMI, and smoking. Keywords: sleep, sleep positions, body movements, accelerometers, lifestyle
format	article
author	Skarpsno ES Mork PJ Nilsen TIL Holtermann A
author_facet	Skarpsno ES Mork PJ Nilsen TIL Holtermann A
author_sort	Skarpsno ES
title	Sleep positions and nocturnal body movements based on free-living accelerometer recordings: association with demographics, lifestyle, and insomnia symptoms
title_short	Sleep positions and nocturnal body movements based on free-living accelerometer recordings: association with demographics, lifestyle, and insomnia symptoms
title_full	Sleep positions and nocturnal body movements based on free-living accelerometer recordings: association with demographics, lifestyle, and insomnia symptoms
title_fullStr	Sleep positions and nocturnal body movements based on free-living accelerometer recordings: association with demographics, lifestyle, and insomnia symptoms
title_full_unstemmed	Sleep positions and nocturnal body movements based on free-living accelerometer recordings: association with demographics, lifestyle, and insomnia symptoms
title_sort	sleep positions and nocturnal body movements based on free-living accelerometer recordings: association with demographics, lifestyle, and insomnia symptoms
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/7aabaa13be8a4061882416710968e4b1
work_keys_str_mv	AT skarpsnoes sleeppositionsandnocturnalbodymovementsbasedonfreelivingaccelerometerrecordingsassociationwithdemographicslifestyleandinsomniasymptoms AT morkpj sleeppositionsandnocturnalbodymovementsbasedonfreelivingaccelerometerrecordingsassociationwithdemographicslifestyleandinsomniasymptoms AT nilsentil sleeppositionsandnocturnalbodymovementsbasedonfreelivingaccelerometerrecordingsassociationwithdemographicslifestyleandinsomniasymptoms AT holtermanna sleeppositionsandnocturnalbodymovementsbasedonfreelivingaccelerometerrecordingsassociationwithdemographicslifestyleandinsomniasymptoms
_version_	1718399346702024704

Sleep positions and nocturnal body movements based on free-living accelerometer recordings: association with demographics, lifestyle, and insomnia symptoms

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