Barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus: A qualitative study at care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

<h4>Introduction</h4>Disclosure of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status is important to prevent the spread of HIV and maintain the health of people living with HIV, their spouses, and the community. Despite the benefits of disclosure, many people living with HIV delay disclosing the...

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Autores principales:	Neelam Ismail, Nancy Matillya, Riaz Ratansi, Columba Mbekenga
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7abf6548795e46cdb9e940fc6f95dbe5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7abf6548795e46cdb9e940fc6f95dbe52021-12-02T20:19:31ZBarriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus: A qualitative study at care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0256537https://doaj.org/article/7abf6548795e46cdb9e940fc6f95dbe52021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256537https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Introduction</h4>Disclosure of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status is important to prevent the spread of HIV and maintain the health of people living with HIV, their spouses, and the community. Despite the benefits of disclosure, many people living with HIV delay disclosing their status to those close to them thereby increasing the risk for disease transmission. This study aimed to determine the barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus for people living with HIV in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and identify what motivated disclosure.<h4>Methods</h4>A qualitative descriptive study using in-depth individual interviews was conducted with10 participants attending HIV care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam. The participants were people living with HIV who had delayed disclosing their serostatus for more than one month after diagnosis. Data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis.<h4>Results</h4>Three categories emerged from the analysis: Barriers hindering timely disclosure, motivation for disclosure of serostatus, and consequences of delayed disclosure. Barriers to timely disclosure included denial of one's status, the fear of stigmatization, fear of being separated or divorced, the need to protect loved ones, and lack of adequate knowledge about the disease. Reasons that motivated disclosure included gaining social support, preventing disease transmission and wanting to be at peace.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Timely disclosure is hindered by stigma because HIV is negatively perceived by the public. People living with HIV prefer not to disclose to avoid the negative consequences of disclosure, especially because of fear of being discriminated against and losing their social status, which plays a major role in social status in Tanzania. Trust and adequate counseling from health care workers helps prompt disclosure.Neelam IsmailNancy MatillyaRiaz RatansiColumba MbekengaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0256537 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Neelam Ismail Nancy Matillya Riaz Ratansi Columba Mbekenga Barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus: A qualitative study at care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
description	<h4>Introduction</h4>Disclosure of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status is important to prevent the spread of HIV and maintain the health of people living with HIV, their spouses, and the community. Despite the benefits of disclosure, many people living with HIV delay disclosing their status to those close to them thereby increasing the risk for disease transmission. This study aimed to determine the barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus for people living with HIV in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and identify what motivated disclosure.<h4>Methods</h4>A qualitative descriptive study using in-depth individual interviews was conducted with10 participants attending HIV care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam. The participants were people living with HIV who had delayed disclosing their serostatus for more than one month after diagnosis. Data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis.<h4>Results</h4>Three categories emerged from the analysis: Barriers hindering timely disclosure, motivation for disclosure of serostatus, and consequences of delayed disclosure. Barriers to timely disclosure included denial of one's status, the fear of stigmatization, fear of being separated or divorced, the need to protect loved ones, and lack of adequate knowledge about the disease. Reasons that motivated disclosure included gaining social support, preventing disease transmission and wanting to be at peace.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Timely disclosure is hindered by stigma because HIV is negatively perceived by the public. People living with HIV prefer not to disclose to avoid the negative consequences of disclosure, especially because of fear of being discriminated against and losing their social status, which plays a major role in social status in Tanzania. Trust and adequate counseling from health care workers helps prompt disclosure.
format	article
author	Neelam Ismail Nancy Matillya Riaz Ratansi Columba Mbekenga
author_facet	Neelam Ismail Nancy Matillya Riaz Ratansi Columba Mbekenga
author_sort	Neelam Ismail
title	Barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus: A qualitative study at care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
title_short	Barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus: A qualitative study at care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
title_full	Barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus: A qualitative study at care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
title_fullStr	Barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus: A qualitative study at care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
title_full_unstemmed	Barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus: A qualitative study at care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
title_sort	barriers to timely disclosure of hiv serostatus: a qualitative study at care and treatment centers in dar es salaam, tanzania.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7abf6548795e46cdb9e940fc6f95dbe5
work_keys_str_mv	AT neelamismail barrierstotimelydisclosureofhivserostatusaqualitativestudyatcareandtreatmentcentersindaressalaamtanzania AT nancymatillya barrierstotimelydisclosureofhivserostatusaqualitativestudyatcareandtreatmentcentersindaressalaamtanzania AT riazratansi barrierstotimelydisclosureofhivserostatusaqualitativestudyatcareandtreatmentcentersindaressalaamtanzania AT columbambekenga barrierstotimelydisclosureofhivserostatusaqualitativestudyatcareandtreatmentcentersindaressalaamtanzania
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Barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus: A qualitative study at care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

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