The Roles of Neutrophils in Cytokine Storms

A cytokine storm is an abnormal discharge of soluble mediators following an inappropriate inflammatory response that leads to immunopathological events. Cytokine storms can occur after severe infections as well as in non-infectious situations where inflammatory cytokine responses are initiated, then...

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Autores principales:	Lily Chan, Negar Karimi, Solmaz Morovati, Kasra Alizadeh, Julia E. Kakish, Sierra Vanderkamp, Fatemeh Fazel, Christina Napoleoni, Kimia Alizadeh, Yeganeh Mehrani, Jessica A. Minott, Byram W. Bridle, Khalil Karimi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	cytokine storm syndrome neutrophil cytokine innate immunity NETosis Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7affcd67097e42779eef1a67c226b9b2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7affcd67097e42779eef1a67c226b9b22021-11-25T19:14:32ZThe Roles of Neutrophils in Cytokine Storms10.3390/v131123181999-4915https://doaj.org/article/7affcd67097e42779eef1a67c226b9b22021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/11/2318https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915A cytokine storm is an abnormal discharge of soluble mediators following an inappropriate inflammatory response that leads to immunopathological events. Cytokine storms can occur after severe infections as well as in non-infectious situations where inflammatory cytokine responses are initiated, then exaggerated, but fail to return to homeostasis. Neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, and natural killer cells are among the innate leukocytes that contribute to the pathogenesis of cytokine storms. Neutrophils participate as mediators of inflammation and have roles in promoting homeostatic conditions following pathological inflammation. This review highlights the advances in understanding the mechanisms governing neutrophilic inflammation against viral and bacterial pathogens, in cancers, and in autoimmune diseases, and how neutrophils could influence the development of cytokine storm syndromes. Evidence for the destructive potential of neutrophils in their capacity to contribute to the onset of cytokine storm syndromes is presented across a multitude of clinical scenarios. Further, a variety of potential therapeutic strategies that target neutrophils are discussed in the context of suppressing multiple inflammatory conditions.Lily ChanNegar KarimiSolmaz MorovatiKasra AlizadehJulia E. KakishSierra VanderkampFatemeh FazelChristina NapoleoniKimia AlizadehYeganeh MehraniJessica A. MinottByram W. BridleKhalil KarimiMDPI AGarticlecytokine storm syndromeneutrophilcytokineinnate immunityNETosisMicrobiologyQR1-502ENViruses, Vol 13, Iss 2318, p 2318 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cytokine storm syndrome neutrophil cytokine innate immunity NETosis Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	cytokine storm syndrome neutrophil cytokine innate immunity NETosis Microbiology QR1-502 Lily Chan Negar Karimi Solmaz Morovati Kasra Alizadeh Julia E. Kakish Sierra Vanderkamp Fatemeh Fazel Christina Napoleoni Kimia Alizadeh Yeganeh Mehrani Jessica A. Minott Byram W. Bridle Khalil Karimi The Roles of Neutrophils in Cytokine Storms
description	A cytokine storm is an abnormal discharge of soluble mediators following an inappropriate inflammatory response that leads to immunopathological events. Cytokine storms can occur after severe infections as well as in non-infectious situations where inflammatory cytokine responses are initiated, then exaggerated, but fail to return to homeostasis. Neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, and natural killer cells are among the innate leukocytes that contribute to the pathogenesis of cytokine storms. Neutrophils participate as mediators of inflammation and have roles in promoting homeostatic conditions following pathological inflammation. This review highlights the advances in understanding the mechanisms governing neutrophilic inflammation against viral and bacterial pathogens, in cancers, and in autoimmune diseases, and how neutrophils could influence the development of cytokine storm syndromes. Evidence for the destructive potential of neutrophils in their capacity to contribute to the onset of cytokine storm syndromes is presented across a multitude of clinical scenarios. Further, a variety of potential therapeutic strategies that target neutrophils are discussed in the context of suppressing multiple inflammatory conditions.
format	article
author	Lily Chan Negar Karimi Solmaz Morovati Kasra Alizadeh Julia E. Kakish Sierra Vanderkamp Fatemeh Fazel Christina Napoleoni Kimia Alizadeh Yeganeh Mehrani Jessica A. Minott Byram W. Bridle Khalil Karimi
author_facet	Lily Chan Negar Karimi Solmaz Morovati Kasra Alizadeh Julia E. Kakish Sierra Vanderkamp Fatemeh Fazel Christina Napoleoni Kimia Alizadeh Yeganeh Mehrani Jessica A. Minott Byram W. Bridle Khalil Karimi
author_sort	Lily Chan
title	The Roles of Neutrophils in Cytokine Storms
title_short	The Roles of Neutrophils in Cytokine Storms
title_full	The Roles of Neutrophils in Cytokine Storms
title_fullStr	The Roles of Neutrophils in Cytokine Storms
title_full_unstemmed	The Roles of Neutrophils in Cytokine Storms
title_sort	roles of neutrophils in cytokine storms
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7affcd67097e42779eef1a67c226b9b2
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The Roles of Neutrophils in Cytokine Storms

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