Monitoring blood potassium concentration in hemodialysis patients by quantifying T-wave morphology dynamics

Abstract We investigated the ability of time-warping-based ECG-derived markers of T-wave morphology changes in time ( $$d_{w}$$ d w ) and amplitude ( $$d_a$$ d a ), as well as their non-linear components ( $${d_w^{{\mathrm{NL}}}}$$ d w NL and $${d_a^{\mathrm{NL}}}$$ d a NL ), and the heart rate corr...

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Autores principales:	Flavio Palmieri, Pedro Gomis, Dina Ferreira, José Esteban Ruiz, Beatriz Bergasa, Alba Martín-Yebra, Hassaan A. Bukhari, Esther Pueyo, Juan Pablo Martínez, Julia Ramírez, Pablo Laguna
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7b43820c443847efa978b9aad96ccfc0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7b43820c443847efa978b9aad96ccfc02021-12-02T12:11:17ZMonitoring blood potassium concentration in hemodialysis patients by quantifying T-wave morphology dynamics10.1038/s41598-021-82935-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/7b43820c443847efa978b9aad96ccfc02021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82935-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We investigated the ability of time-warping-based ECG-derived markers of T-wave morphology changes in time ( $$d_{w}$$ d w ) and amplitude ( $$d_a$$ d a ), as well as their non-linear components ( $${d_w^{{\mathrm{NL}}}}$$ d w NL and $${d_a^{\mathrm{NL}}}$$ d a NL ), and the heart rate corrected counterpart ( $$d_{w,c}$$ d w , c ), to monitor potassium concentration ( $$[K^{+}]$$ [ K + ] ) changes ( $$\Delta [K^+]$$ Δ [ K + ] ) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). We compared the performance of the proposed time-warping markers, together with other previously proposed $$[K^{+}]$$ [ K + ] markers, such as T-wave width ( $$T_w$$ T w ) and T-wave slope-to-amplitude ratio ( $$T_{S/A}$$ T S / A ), when computed from standard ECG leads as well as from principal component analysis (PCA)-based leads. 48-hour ECG recordings and a set of hourly-collected blood samples from 29 ESRD-HD patients were acquired. Values of $$d_w$$ d w , $$d_a$$ d a , $${d_w^{\mathrm{NL}}}$$ d w NL , $${d_a^{\mathrm{NL}}}$$ d a NL and $$d_{w,c}$$ d w , c were calculated by comparing the morphology of the mean warped T-waves (MWTWs) derived at each hour along the HD with that from a reference MWTW, measured at the end of the HD. From the same MWTWs $$T_w$$ T w and $$T_{S/A}$$ T S / A were also extracted. Similarly, $$\Delta [K^+]$$ Δ [ K + ] was calculated as the difference between the $$[K^{+}]$$ [ K + ] values at each hour and the $$[K^{+}]$$ [ K + ] reference level at the end of the HD session. We found that $$d_{w}$$ d w and $$d_{w,c}$$ d w , c showed higher correlation coefficients with $$\Delta [K^+]$$ Δ [ K + ] than $$T_{S/A}$$ T S / A —Spearman’s ( $$\rho$$ ρ ) and Pearson’s (r)—and $$T_w$$ T w —Spearman’s ( $$\rho$$ ρ )—in both SL and PCA approaches being the intra-patient median $$\rho \ge 0.82$$ ρ ≥ 0.82 and $$r \ge 0.87$$ r ≥ 0.87 in SL and $$\rho \ge 0.82$$ ρ ≥ 0.82 and $$r \ge 0.89$$ r ≥ 0.89 in PCA respectively. Our findings would point at $$d_{w}$$ d w and $$d_{w,c}$$ d w , c as the most suitable surrogate of $$\Delta [K^+]$$ Δ [ K + ] , suggesting that they could be potentially useful for non-invasive monitoring of ESRD-HD patients in hospital, as well as in ambulatory settings. Therefore, the tracking of T-wave morphology variations by means of time-warping analysis could improve continuous and remote $$[K^{+}]$$ [ K + ] monitoring of ESRD-HD patients and flagging risk of $$[K^{+}]$$ [ K + ] -related cardiovascular events.Flavio PalmieriPedro GomisDina FerreiraJosé Esteban RuizBeatriz BergasaAlba Martín-YebraHassaan A. BukhariEsther PueyoJuan Pablo MartínezJulia RamírezPablo LagunaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Flavio Palmieri Pedro Gomis Dina Ferreira José Esteban Ruiz Beatriz Bergasa Alba Martín-Yebra Hassaan A. Bukhari Esther Pueyo Juan Pablo Martínez Julia Ramírez Pablo Laguna Monitoring blood potassium concentration in hemodialysis patients by quantifying T-wave morphology dynamics
description	Abstract We investigated the ability of time-warping-based ECG-derived markers of T-wave morphology changes in time ( $$d_{w}$$ d w ) and amplitude ( $$d_a$$ d a ), as well as their non-linear components ( $${d_w^{{\mathrm{NL}}}}$$ d w NL and $${d_a^{\mathrm{NL}}}$$ d a NL ), and the heart rate corrected counterpart ( $$d_{w,c}$$ d w , c ), to monitor potassium concentration ( $$[K^{+}]$$ [ K + ] ) changes ( $$\Delta [K^+]$$ Δ [ K + ] ) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). We compared the performance of the proposed time-warping markers, together with other previously proposed $$[K^{+}]$$ [ K + ] markers, such as T-wave width ( $$T_w$$ T w ) and T-wave slope-to-amplitude ratio ( $$T_{S/A}$$ T S / A ), when computed from standard ECG leads as well as from principal component analysis (PCA)-based leads. 48-hour ECG recordings and a set of hourly-collected blood samples from 29 ESRD-HD patients were acquired. Values of $$d_w$$ d w , $$d_a$$ d a , $${d_w^{\mathrm{NL}}}$$ d w NL , $${d_a^{\mathrm{NL}}}$$ d a NL and $$d_{w,c}$$ d w , c were calculated by comparing the morphology of the mean warped T-waves (MWTWs) derived at each hour along the HD with that from a reference MWTW, measured at the end of the HD. From the same MWTWs $$T_w$$ T w and $$T_{S/A}$$ T S / A were also extracted. Similarly, $$\Delta [K^+]$$ Δ [ K + ] was calculated as the difference between the $$[K^{+}]$$ [ K + ] values at each hour and the $$[K^{+}]$$ [ K + ] reference level at the end of the HD session. We found that $$d_{w}$$ d w and $$d_{w,c}$$ d w , c showed higher correlation coefficients with $$\Delta [K^+]$$ Δ [ K + ] than $$T_{S/A}$$ T S / A —Spearman’s ( $$\rho$$ ρ ) and Pearson’s (r)—and $$T_w$$ T w —Spearman’s ( $$\rho$$ ρ )—in both SL and PCA approaches being the intra-patient median $$\rho \ge 0.82$$ ρ ≥ 0.82 and $$r \ge 0.87$$ r ≥ 0.87 in SL and $$\rho \ge 0.82$$ ρ ≥ 0.82 and $$r \ge 0.89$$ r ≥ 0.89 in PCA respectively. Our findings would point at $$d_{w}$$ d w and $$d_{w,c}$$ d w , c as the most suitable surrogate of $$\Delta [K^+]$$ Δ [ K + ] , suggesting that they could be potentially useful for non-invasive monitoring of ESRD-HD patients in hospital, as well as in ambulatory settings. Therefore, the tracking of T-wave morphology variations by means of time-warping analysis could improve continuous and remote $$[K^{+}]$$ [ K + ] monitoring of ESRD-HD patients and flagging risk of $$[K^{+}]$$ [ K + ] -related cardiovascular events.
format	article
author	Flavio Palmieri Pedro Gomis Dina Ferreira José Esteban Ruiz Beatriz Bergasa Alba Martín-Yebra Hassaan A. Bukhari Esther Pueyo Juan Pablo Martínez Julia Ramírez Pablo Laguna
author_facet	Flavio Palmieri Pedro Gomis Dina Ferreira José Esteban Ruiz Beatriz Bergasa Alba Martín-Yebra Hassaan A. Bukhari Esther Pueyo Juan Pablo Martínez Julia Ramírez Pablo Laguna
author_sort	Flavio Palmieri
title	Monitoring blood potassium concentration in hemodialysis patients by quantifying T-wave morphology dynamics
title_short	Monitoring blood potassium concentration in hemodialysis patients by quantifying T-wave morphology dynamics
title_full	Monitoring blood potassium concentration in hemodialysis patients by quantifying T-wave morphology dynamics
title_fullStr	Monitoring blood potassium concentration in hemodialysis patients by quantifying T-wave morphology dynamics
title_full_unstemmed	Monitoring blood potassium concentration in hemodialysis patients by quantifying T-wave morphology dynamics
title_sort	monitoring blood potassium concentration in hemodialysis patients by quantifying t-wave morphology dynamics
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7b43820c443847efa978b9aad96ccfc0
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Monitoring blood potassium concentration in hemodialysis patients by quantifying T-wave morphology dynamics

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