How and why patterns of sexual dimorphism in human faces vary across the world

Abstract Sexual selection, including mate choice and intrasexual competition, is responsible for the evolution of some of the most elaborated and sexually dimorphic traits in animals. Although there is sexual dimorphism in the shape of human faces, it is not clear whether this is similarly due to ma...

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Autores principales:	Karel Kleisner, Petr Tureček, S. Craig Roberts, Jan Havlíček, Jaroslava Varella Valentova, Robert Mbe Akoko, Juan David Leongómez, Silviu Apostol, Marco A. C. Varella, S. Adil Saribay
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7b5107a3592c4bc6bd4b707ba496d7d1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7b5107a3592c4bc6bd4b707ba496d7d12021-12-02T16:31:11ZHow and why patterns of sexual dimorphism in human faces vary across the world10.1038/s41598-021-85402-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/7b5107a3592c4bc6bd4b707ba496d7d12021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85402-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Sexual selection, including mate choice and intrasexual competition, is responsible for the evolution of some of the most elaborated and sexually dimorphic traits in animals. Although there is sexual dimorphism in the shape of human faces, it is not clear whether this is similarly due to mate choice, or whether mate choice affects only part of the facial shape difference between men and women. Here we explore these questions by investigating patterns of both facial shape and facial preference across a diverse set of human populations. We find evidence that human populations vary substantially and unexpectedly in both the magnitude and direction of facial sexually dimorphic traits. In particular, European and South American populations display larger levels of facial sexual dimorphism than African populations. Neither cross-cultural differences in facial shape variation, sex differences in body height, nor differing preferences for facial femininity and masculinity across countries, explain the observed patterns of facial dimorphism. Altogether, the association between sexual shape dimorphism and attractiveness is moderate for women and weak (or absent) for men. Analysis that distinguishes between allometric and non-allometric components reveals that non-allometric facial dimorphism is preferred in women’s faces but not in faces of men. This might be due to different regimes of ongoing sexual selection acting on men, such as stronger intersexual selection for body height and more intense intrasexual physical competition, compared with women.Karel KleisnerPetr TurečekS. Craig RobertsJan HavlíčekJaroslava Varella ValentovaRobert Mbe AkokoJuan David LeongómezSilviu ApostolMarco A. C. VarellaS. Adil SaribayNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Karel Kleisner Petr Tureček S. Craig Roberts Jan Havlíček Jaroslava Varella Valentova Robert Mbe Akoko Juan David Leongómez Silviu Apostol Marco A. C. Varella S. Adil Saribay How and why patterns of sexual dimorphism in human faces vary across the world
description	Abstract Sexual selection, including mate choice and intrasexual competition, is responsible for the evolution of some of the most elaborated and sexually dimorphic traits in animals. Although there is sexual dimorphism in the shape of human faces, it is not clear whether this is similarly due to mate choice, or whether mate choice affects only part of the facial shape difference between men and women. Here we explore these questions by investigating patterns of both facial shape and facial preference across a diverse set of human populations. We find evidence that human populations vary substantially and unexpectedly in both the magnitude and direction of facial sexually dimorphic traits. In particular, European and South American populations display larger levels of facial sexual dimorphism than African populations. Neither cross-cultural differences in facial shape variation, sex differences in body height, nor differing preferences for facial femininity and masculinity across countries, explain the observed patterns of facial dimorphism. Altogether, the association between sexual shape dimorphism and attractiveness is moderate for women and weak (or absent) for men. Analysis that distinguishes between allometric and non-allometric components reveals that non-allometric facial dimorphism is preferred in women’s faces but not in faces of men. This might be due to different regimes of ongoing sexual selection acting on men, such as stronger intersexual selection for body height and more intense intrasexual physical competition, compared with women.
format	article
author	Karel Kleisner Petr Tureček S. Craig Roberts Jan Havlíček Jaroslava Varella Valentova Robert Mbe Akoko Juan David Leongómez Silviu Apostol Marco A. C. Varella S. Adil Saribay
author_facet	Karel Kleisner Petr Tureček S. Craig Roberts Jan Havlíček Jaroslava Varella Valentova Robert Mbe Akoko Juan David Leongómez Silviu Apostol Marco A. C. Varella S. Adil Saribay
author_sort	Karel Kleisner
title	How and why patterns of sexual dimorphism in human faces vary across the world
title_short	How and why patterns of sexual dimorphism in human faces vary across the world
title_full	How and why patterns of sexual dimorphism in human faces vary across the world
title_fullStr	How and why patterns of sexual dimorphism in human faces vary across the world
title_full_unstemmed	How and why patterns of sexual dimorphism in human faces vary across the world
title_sort	how and why patterns of sexual dimorphism in human faces vary across the world
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7b5107a3592c4bc6bd4b707ba496d7d1
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How and why patterns of sexual dimorphism in human faces vary across the world

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