Finite Element and Applied Models of the Stem with Spike Deformation

This article examines the static and dynamic deformation of the stem of an ear of wheat and of the individual grain. The purpose of the article is to determine the factors of influence on the ear of wheat to isolate the grain. Two stages of grain ripening are considered: in the early stage, the grai...

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Autores principales:	Besarion Meskhi, Dmitry Rudoy, Yuri Lachuga, Viktor Pakhomov, Arkady Soloviev, Andrey Matrosov, Ivan Panfilov, Tatyana Maltseva
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	harvest grain of wheat ear of grain mathematical model early stages of maturation ear fluctuations Agriculture (General) S1-972
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7b75eab2cb3745eba01c7246f5edea2f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7b75eab2cb3745eba01c7246f5edea2f2021-11-25T16:00:43ZFinite Element and Applied Models of the Stem with Spike Deformation10.3390/agriculture111111472077-0472https://doaj.org/article/7b75eab2cb3745eba01c7246f5edea2f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/11/1147https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0472This article examines the static and dynamic deformation of the stem of an ear of wheat and of the individual grain. The purpose of the article is to determine the factors of influence on the ear of wheat to isolate the grain. Two stages of grain ripening are considered: in the early stage, the grain is attached to the spike by the stem; in the second, there is no stem, and the grain is attached to the ear by the scales. The ear fluctuations are considered within the Euler–Bernoulli bar theory. The developed model divides the study of the dynamics of the stem of an ear and the dynamics of the grain into two stages. The first stage studies the dynamics of the plant as a whole, while the second stage studies the dynamics of an individual grain in a moving system associated with the ear in bending and vertical fluctuation forms. The model of the ear and the grain fluctuation uses the mechanical characteristics of elastic bonds and elastic bodies, which are determined by spring stiffness, elastic moduli, etc. The results show that in the vertical forms of grain fluctuation, the frequency of fluctuation is much higher than in the bending ones. This article presents the natural fluctuation frequencies of grain at full ripeness and in the early phases of maturation, at which point it is released from the ear.Besarion MeskhiDmitry RudoyYuri LachugaViktor PakhomovArkady SolovievAndrey MatrosovIvan PanfilovTatyana MaltsevaMDPI AGarticleharvestgrain of wheatear of grainmathematical modelearly stages of maturationear fluctuationsAgriculture (General)S1-972ENAgriculture, Vol 11, Iss 1147, p 1147 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	harvest grain of wheat ear of grain mathematical model early stages of maturation ear fluctuations Agriculture (General) S1-972
spellingShingle	harvest grain of wheat ear of grain mathematical model early stages of maturation ear fluctuations Agriculture (General) S1-972 Besarion Meskhi Dmitry Rudoy Yuri Lachuga Viktor Pakhomov Arkady Soloviev Andrey Matrosov Ivan Panfilov Tatyana Maltseva Finite Element and Applied Models of the Stem with Spike Deformation
description	This article examines the static and dynamic deformation of the stem of an ear of wheat and of the individual grain. The purpose of the article is to determine the factors of influence on the ear of wheat to isolate the grain. Two stages of grain ripening are considered: in the early stage, the grain is attached to the spike by the stem; in the second, there is no stem, and the grain is attached to the ear by the scales. The ear fluctuations are considered within the Euler–Bernoulli bar theory. The developed model divides the study of the dynamics of the stem of an ear and the dynamics of the grain into two stages. The first stage studies the dynamics of the plant as a whole, while the second stage studies the dynamics of an individual grain in a moving system associated with the ear in bending and vertical fluctuation forms. The model of the ear and the grain fluctuation uses the mechanical characteristics of elastic bonds and elastic bodies, which are determined by spring stiffness, elastic moduli, etc. The results show that in the vertical forms of grain fluctuation, the frequency of fluctuation is much higher than in the bending ones. This article presents the natural fluctuation frequencies of grain at full ripeness and in the early phases of maturation, at which point it is released from the ear.
format	article
author	Besarion Meskhi Dmitry Rudoy Yuri Lachuga Viktor Pakhomov Arkady Soloviev Andrey Matrosov Ivan Panfilov Tatyana Maltseva
author_facet	Besarion Meskhi Dmitry Rudoy Yuri Lachuga Viktor Pakhomov Arkady Soloviev Andrey Matrosov Ivan Panfilov Tatyana Maltseva
author_sort	Besarion Meskhi
title	Finite Element and Applied Models of the Stem with Spike Deformation
title_short	Finite Element and Applied Models of the Stem with Spike Deformation
title_full	Finite Element and Applied Models of the Stem with Spike Deformation
title_fullStr	Finite Element and Applied Models of the Stem with Spike Deformation
title_full_unstemmed	Finite Element and Applied Models of the Stem with Spike Deformation
title_sort	finite element and applied models of the stem with spike deformation
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7b75eab2cb3745eba01c7246f5edea2f
work_keys_str_mv	AT besarionmeskhi finiteelementandappliedmodelsofthestemwithspikedeformation AT dmitryrudoy finiteelementandappliedmodelsofthestemwithspikedeformation AT yurilachuga finiteelementandappliedmodelsofthestemwithspikedeformation AT viktorpakhomov finiteelementandappliedmodelsofthestemwithspikedeformation AT arkadysoloviev finiteelementandappliedmodelsofthestemwithspikedeformation AT andreymatrosov finiteelementandappliedmodelsofthestemwithspikedeformation AT ivanpanfilov finiteelementandappliedmodelsofthestemwithspikedeformation AT tatyanamaltseva finiteelementandappliedmodelsofthestemwithspikedeformation
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Finite Element and Applied Models of the Stem with Spike Deformation

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