Relative Ratios of Human Seasonal Coronavirus Antibodies Predict the Efficiency of Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Binding to ACE2

Background: Antibodies raised against human seasonal coronaviruses (sCoVs), which are responsible for the common cold, are known to cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 antigens. This prompts questions about their protective role against SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 severity. However, the relationship...

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Autores principales:	Yannick Galipeau, Vinayakumar Siragam, Geneviève Laroche, Erika Marion, Matthew Greig, Michaeline McGuinty, Ronald A Booth, Yves Durocher, Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf, Steffany A.L. Bennett, Angela M. Crawley, Patrick M. Giguère, Curtis Cooper, Marc-André Langlois
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 OC43 NL63 seasonal coronavirus human coronaviruses Medicine R Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7ba81d4ec8dc43269394d064eb78b2d7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7ba81d4ec8dc43269394d064eb78b2d72021-12-02T05:01:54ZRelative Ratios of Human Seasonal Coronavirus Antibodies Predict the Efficiency of Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Binding to ACE22352-396410.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103700https://doaj.org/article/7ba81d4ec8dc43269394d064eb78b2d72021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352396421004941https://doaj.org/toc/2352-3964Background: Antibodies raised against human seasonal coronaviruses (sCoVs), which are responsible for the common cold, are known to cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 antigens. This prompts questions about their protective role against SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 severity. However, the relationship between sCoVs exposure and SARS-CoV-2 correlates of protection are not clearly identified. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of cross-reactivity and cross-neutralization to SARS-CoV-2 antigens (S-RBD, S-trimer, N) using pre-pandemic sera from four different groups: pediatrics and adolescents, individuals 21 to 70 years of age, older than 70 years of age, and individuals living with HCV or HIV. Data was then further analysed using machine learning to identify predictive patterns of neutralization based on sCoVs serology. Findings: Antibody cross-reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 antigens varied between 1.6% and 15.3% depending on the cohort and the isotype-antigen pair analyzed. We also show a range of neutralizing activity (0-45%) with median inhibition ranging from 17.6 % to 23.3 % in serum that interferes with SARS-CoV-2 spike attachment to ACE2 independently of age group. While the abundance of sCoV antibodies did not directly correlate with neutralization, we show that neutralizing activity is rather dependent on relative ratios of IgGs in sera directed to all four sCoV spike proteins. More specifically, we identified antibodies to NL63 and OC43 as being the most important predictors of neutralization. Interpretation: Our data support the concept that exposure to sCoVs triggers antibody responses that influence the efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 spike binding to ACE2, which may potentially impact COVID-19 disease severity through other latent variables. Funding: This study was supported by a grant by the CIHR (VR2 -172722) and by a grant supplement by the CITF, and by a NRC Collaborative R&D Initiative Grant (PR031-1).Yannick GalipeauVinayakumar SiragamGeneviève LarocheErika MarionMatthew GreigMichaeline McGuintyRonald A BoothYves DurocherMiroslava Cuperlovic-CulfSteffany A.L. BennettAngela M. CrawleyPatrick M. GiguèreCurtis CooperMarc-André LangloisElsevierarticleSARS-CoV-2COVID-19OC43NL63seasonal coronavirushuman coronavirusesMedicineRMedicine (General)R5-920ENEBioMedicine, Vol 74, Iss , Pp 103700- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 OC43 NL63 seasonal coronavirus human coronaviruses Medicine R Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 OC43 NL63 seasonal coronavirus human coronaviruses Medicine R Medicine (General) R5-920 Yannick Galipeau Vinayakumar Siragam Geneviève Laroche Erika Marion Matthew Greig Michaeline McGuinty Ronald A Booth Yves Durocher Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf Steffany A.L. Bennett Angela M. Crawley Patrick M. Giguère Curtis Cooper Marc-André Langlois Relative Ratios of Human Seasonal Coronavirus Antibodies Predict the Efficiency of Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Binding to ACE2
description	Background: Antibodies raised against human seasonal coronaviruses (sCoVs), which are responsible for the common cold, are known to cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 antigens. This prompts questions about their protective role against SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 severity. However, the relationship between sCoVs exposure and SARS-CoV-2 correlates of protection are not clearly identified. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of cross-reactivity and cross-neutralization to SARS-CoV-2 antigens (S-RBD, S-trimer, N) using pre-pandemic sera from four different groups: pediatrics and adolescents, individuals 21 to 70 years of age, older than 70 years of age, and individuals living with HCV or HIV. Data was then further analysed using machine learning to identify predictive patterns of neutralization based on sCoVs serology. Findings: Antibody cross-reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 antigens varied between 1.6% and 15.3% depending on the cohort and the isotype-antigen pair analyzed. We also show a range of neutralizing activity (0-45%) with median inhibition ranging from 17.6 % to 23.3 % in serum that interferes with SARS-CoV-2 spike attachment to ACE2 independently of age group. While the abundance of sCoV antibodies did not directly correlate with neutralization, we show that neutralizing activity is rather dependent on relative ratios of IgGs in sera directed to all four sCoV spike proteins. More specifically, we identified antibodies to NL63 and OC43 as being the most important predictors of neutralization. Interpretation: Our data support the concept that exposure to sCoVs triggers antibody responses that influence the efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 spike binding to ACE2, which may potentially impact COVID-19 disease severity through other latent variables. Funding: This study was supported by a grant by the CIHR (VR2 -172722) and by a grant supplement by the CITF, and by a NRC Collaborative R&D Initiative Grant (PR031-1).
format	article
author	Yannick Galipeau Vinayakumar Siragam Geneviève Laroche Erika Marion Matthew Greig Michaeline McGuinty Ronald A Booth Yves Durocher Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf Steffany A.L. Bennett Angela M. Crawley Patrick M. Giguère Curtis Cooper Marc-André Langlois
author_facet	Yannick Galipeau Vinayakumar Siragam Geneviève Laroche Erika Marion Matthew Greig Michaeline McGuinty Ronald A Booth Yves Durocher Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf Steffany A.L. Bennett Angela M. Crawley Patrick M. Giguère Curtis Cooper Marc-André Langlois
author_sort	Yannick Galipeau
title	Relative Ratios of Human Seasonal Coronavirus Antibodies Predict the Efficiency of Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Binding to ACE2
title_short	Relative Ratios of Human Seasonal Coronavirus Antibodies Predict the Efficiency of Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Binding to ACE2
title_full	Relative Ratios of Human Seasonal Coronavirus Antibodies Predict the Efficiency of Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Binding to ACE2
title_fullStr	Relative Ratios of Human Seasonal Coronavirus Antibodies Predict the Efficiency of Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Binding to ACE2
title_full_unstemmed	Relative Ratios of Human Seasonal Coronavirus Antibodies Predict the Efficiency of Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Binding to ACE2
title_sort	relative ratios of human seasonal coronavirus antibodies predict the efficiency of cross-neutralization of sars-cov-2 spike binding to ace2
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7ba81d4ec8dc43269394d064eb78b2d7
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Relative Ratios of Human Seasonal Coronavirus Antibodies Predict the Efficiency of Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Binding to ACE2

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