Dogs fail to reciprocate the receipt of food from a human in a food-giving task.

Domestic dogs have been shown to reciprocate help received from conspecifics in food-giving tasks. However, it is not yet known whether dogs also reciprocate help received from humans. Here, we investigated whether dogs reciprocate the receipt of food from humans. In an experience phase, subjects en...

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Autores principales:	Jim McGetrick, Lisa Poncet, Marietta Amann, Johannes Schullern-Schrattenhofen, Leona Fux, Mayte Martínez, Friederike Range
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7bb1a253a9e8401f9327b04942f4bcb5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7bb1a253a9e8401f9327b04942f4bcb52021-12-02T20:05:03ZDogs fail to reciprocate the receipt of food from a human in a food-giving task.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0253277https://doaj.org/article/7bb1a253a9e8401f9327b04942f4bcb52021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253277https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Domestic dogs have been shown to reciprocate help received from conspecifics in food-giving tasks. However, it is not yet known whether dogs also reciprocate help received from humans. Here, we investigated whether dogs reciprocate the receipt of food from humans. In an experience phase, subjects encountered a helpful human who provided them with food by activating a food dispenser, and an unhelpful human who did not provide them with food. Subjects later had the opportunity to return food to each human type, in a test phase, via the same mechanism. In addition, a free interaction session was conducted in which the subject was free to interact with its owner and with whichever human partner it had encountered on that day. Two studies were carried out, which differed in the complexity of the experience phase and the time lag between the experience phase and test phase. Subjects did not reciprocate the receipt of food in either study. Furthermore, no difference was observed in the duration subjects spent in proximity to, or the latency to approach, the two human partners. Although our results suggest that dogs do not reciprocate help received from humans, they also suggest that the dogs did not recognize the cooperative or uncooperative act of the humans during the experience phase. It is plausible that aspects of the experimental design hindered the emergence of any potential reciprocity. However, it is also possible that dogs are simply not prosocial towards humans in food-giving contexts.Jim McGetrickLisa PoncetMarietta AmannJohannes Schullern-SchrattenhofenLeona FuxMayte MartínezFriederike RangePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0253277 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jim McGetrick Lisa Poncet Marietta Amann Johannes Schullern-Schrattenhofen Leona Fux Mayte Martínez Friederike Range Dogs fail to reciprocate the receipt of food from a human in a food-giving task.
description	Domestic dogs have been shown to reciprocate help received from conspecifics in food-giving tasks. However, it is not yet known whether dogs also reciprocate help received from humans. Here, we investigated whether dogs reciprocate the receipt of food from humans. In an experience phase, subjects encountered a helpful human who provided them with food by activating a food dispenser, and an unhelpful human who did not provide them with food. Subjects later had the opportunity to return food to each human type, in a test phase, via the same mechanism. In addition, a free interaction session was conducted in which the subject was free to interact with its owner and with whichever human partner it had encountered on that day. Two studies were carried out, which differed in the complexity of the experience phase and the time lag between the experience phase and test phase. Subjects did not reciprocate the receipt of food in either study. Furthermore, no difference was observed in the duration subjects spent in proximity to, or the latency to approach, the two human partners. Although our results suggest that dogs do not reciprocate help received from humans, they also suggest that the dogs did not recognize the cooperative or uncooperative act of the humans during the experience phase. It is plausible that aspects of the experimental design hindered the emergence of any potential reciprocity. However, it is also possible that dogs are simply not prosocial towards humans in food-giving contexts.
format	article
author	Jim McGetrick Lisa Poncet Marietta Amann Johannes Schullern-Schrattenhofen Leona Fux Mayte Martínez Friederike Range
author_facet	Jim McGetrick Lisa Poncet Marietta Amann Johannes Schullern-Schrattenhofen Leona Fux Mayte Martínez Friederike Range
author_sort	Jim McGetrick
title	Dogs fail to reciprocate the receipt of food from a human in a food-giving task.
title_short	Dogs fail to reciprocate the receipt of food from a human in a food-giving task.
title_full	Dogs fail to reciprocate the receipt of food from a human in a food-giving task.
title_fullStr	Dogs fail to reciprocate the receipt of food from a human in a food-giving task.
title_full_unstemmed	Dogs fail to reciprocate the receipt of food from a human in a food-giving task.
title_sort	dogs fail to reciprocate the receipt of food from a human in a food-giving task.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7bb1a253a9e8401f9327b04942f4bcb5
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Dogs fail to reciprocate the receipt of food from a human in a food-giving task.

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