No evidence for changes in GABA concentration, functional connectivity, or working memory following continuous theta burst stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) is thought to reduce cortical excitability and modulate functional connectivity, possibly by altering cortical inhibition at the site of stimulation. However, most evidence comes from the motor cortex and it remains unclear whether similar effects occur foll...

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Autores principales:	Tribikram Thapa, Joshua Hendrikse, Sarah Thompson, Chao Suo, Mana Biabani, James Morrow, Kate E. Hoy, Paul B. Fitzgerald, Alex Fornito, Nigel C. Rogasch
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Continuous theta burst stimulation Non-invasive brain stimulation Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Gamma aminobutyric acid GABA Functional magnetic resonance imaging Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7c059cc6c9c44d33a5b0c71091d126d6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7c059cc6c9c44d33a5b0c71091d126d62021-11-18T04:53:41ZNo evidence for changes in GABA concentration, functional connectivity, or working memory following continuous theta burst stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex2666-956010.1016/j.ynirp.2021.100061https://doaj.org/article/7c059cc6c9c44d33a5b0c71091d126d62021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666956021000593https://doaj.org/toc/2666-9560Continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) is thought to reduce cortical excitability and modulate functional connectivity, possibly by altering cortical inhibition at the site of stimulation. However, most evidence comes from the motor cortex and it remains unclear whether similar effects occur following stimulation over other brain regions. We assessed whether cTBS over left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex altered gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration, functional connectivity and brain dynamics at rest, and brain activation and memory performance during a working memory task. Seventeen healthy individuals participated in a randomised, sham-controlled, cross-over experiment. Before and after either real or sham cTBS, magnetic resonance spectroscopy was obtained at rest to measure GABA concentrations. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was also recorded at rest and during an n-back working memory task to measure functional connectivity, regional brain activity (low-frequency fluctuations), and task-related patterns of brain activity. We could not find evidence for changes in GABA concentration (P = 0.66, Bayes factor [BF10] = 0.07), resting-state functional connectivity (P(FWE) > 0.05), resting-state low-frequency fluctuations (P = 0.88, BF10 = 0.04), blood-oxygen level dependent activity during the n-back task (P(FWE) > 0.05), or working memory performance (P = 0.13, BF10 = 0.05) following real or sham cTBS. Our findings add to a growing body of literature suggesting the effects of cTBS are highly variable between individuals and question the notion that cTBS is a universal ‘inhibitory’ paradigm.Tribikram ThapaJoshua HendrikseSarah ThompsonChao SuoMana BiabaniJames MorrowKate E. HoyPaul B. FitzgeraldAlex FornitoNigel C. RogaschElsevierarticleContinuous theta burst stimulationNon-invasive brain stimulationMagnetic resonance spectroscopyGamma aminobutyric acidGABAFunctional magnetic resonance imagingNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENNeuroimage: Reports, Vol 1, Iss 4, Pp 100061- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Continuous theta burst stimulation Non-invasive brain stimulation Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Gamma aminobutyric acid GABA Functional magnetic resonance imaging Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	Continuous theta burst stimulation Non-invasive brain stimulation Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Gamma aminobutyric acid GABA Functional magnetic resonance imaging Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Tribikram Thapa Joshua Hendrikse Sarah Thompson Chao Suo Mana Biabani James Morrow Kate E. Hoy Paul B. Fitzgerald Alex Fornito Nigel C. Rogasch No evidence for changes in GABA concentration, functional connectivity, or working memory following continuous theta burst stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
description	Continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) is thought to reduce cortical excitability and modulate functional connectivity, possibly by altering cortical inhibition at the site of stimulation. However, most evidence comes from the motor cortex and it remains unclear whether similar effects occur following stimulation over other brain regions. We assessed whether cTBS over left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex altered gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration, functional connectivity and brain dynamics at rest, and brain activation and memory performance during a working memory task. Seventeen healthy individuals participated in a randomised, sham-controlled, cross-over experiment. Before and after either real or sham cTBS, magnetic resonance spectroscopy was obtained at rest to measure GABA concentrations. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was also recorded at rest and during an n-back working memory task to measure functional connectivity, regional brain activity (low-frequency fluctuations), and task-related patterns of brain activity. We could not find evidence for changes in GABA concentration (P = 0.66, Bayes factor [BF10] = 0.07), resting-state functional connectivity (P(FWE) > 0.05), resting-state low-frequency fluctuations (P = 0.88, BF10 = 0.04), blood-oxygen level dependent activity during the n-back task (P(FWE) > 0.05), or working memory performance (P = 0.13, BF10 = 0.05) following real or sham cTBS. Our findings add to a growing body of literature suggesting the effects of cTBS are highly variable between individuals and question the notion that cTBS is a universal ‘inhibitory’ paradigm.
format	article
author	Tribikram Thapa Joshua Hendrikse Sarah Thompson Chao Suo Mana Biabani James Morrow Kate E. Hoy Paul B. Fitzgerald Alex Fornito Nigel C. Rogasch
author_facet	Tribikram Thapa Joshua Hendrikse Sarah Thompson Chao Suo Mana Biabani James Morrow Kate E. Hoy Paul B. Fitzgerald Alex Fornito Nigel C. Rogasch
author_sort	Tribikram Thapa
title	No evidence for changes in GABA concentration, functional connectivity, or working memory following continuous theta burst stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
title_short	No evidence for changes in GABA concentration, functional connectivity, or working memory following continuous theta burst stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
title_full	No evidence for changes in GABA concentration, functional connectivity, or working memory following continuous theta burst stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
title_fullStr	No evidence for changes in GABA concentration, functional connectivity, or working memory following continuous theta burst stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
title_full_unstemmed	No evidence for changes in GABA concentration, functional connectivity, or working memory following continuous theta burst stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
title_sort	no evidence for changes in gaba concentration, functional connectivity, or working memory following continuous theta burst stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7c059cc6c9c44d33a5b0c71091d126d6
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No evidence for changes in GABA concentration, functional connectivity, or working memory following continuous theta burst stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

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