Mechanical properties of CAD/CAM-fabricated in comparison to conventionally fabricated functional regulator 3 appliances

Abstract Manufacturing of Fränkel's functional regulator 3 (FR3) is complicated and requires extensive knowledge from the dental technician. To determine whether FR3s produced by CAD/CAM techniques (CAD-FR3) meet similar mechanical properties like conventional FR3s (Con-FR3), for each of 10 pat...

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Autores principales:	Christoph Roser, Lutz D. Hodecker, Chris Koebel, Christopher J. Lux, Dorothee Ruckes, Stefan Rues, Andreas Zenthöfer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7c20cf4b78d646d281dab5e2fedb36bb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7c20cf4b78d646d281dab5e2fedb36bb2021-12-02T17:03:49ZMechanical properties of CAD/CAM-fabricated in comparison to conventionally fabricated functional regulator 3 appliances10.1038/s41598-021-94237-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/7c20cf4b78d646d281dab5e2fedb36bb2021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94237-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Manufacturing of Fränkel's functional regulator 3 (FR3) is complicated and requires extensive knowledge from the dental technician. To determine whether FR3s produced by CAD/CAM techniques (CAD-FR3) meet similar mechanical properties like conventional FR3s (Con-FR3), for each of 10 patient cases, three CAD-FR3 designs (palatal connector cross-section 3 × 3 mm, 4 × 1 mm or 5 × 2 mm) and one Con-FR3 were subjected to cyclic loading and subsequent fracture testing in a universal testing device. Transversal load capacity (Fmax(FR3)) and stiffness were compared among the different CAD-FR3 designs and Con-FR3s using Friedman and Wilcoxon tests with a significance level of α = 0.05. All CAD-FR3 designs had significantly higher mean Fmax(FR3) (p ≤ 0.007) and stiffness (p ≤ 0.005) than the Con-FR3s. The CAD-FR33×3 had the highest mean Fmax(FR3) (98.2 ± 26.2 N) and stiffness (37.1 ± 15.5 N/mm), closely followed by the CAD-FR35×2 (Fmax(FR3): 90.3 ± 24.7 N; stiffness: 30.0 ± 12.3 N/mm). Among the CAD appliances, CAD-FR34×1 had the lowest values (p ≤ 0.007 for all pairwise tests) with Fmax(FR3) of 45.8 ± 17.9 N and stiffness of 12.5 ± 7.3 N/mm. CAD-FR3s have superior mechanical properties in comparison to Con-FR3s if certain design parameters are followed. Further clinical investigations have to examine if they can serve as an alternative in practice.Christoph RoserLutz D. HodeckerChris KoebelChristopher J. LuxDorothee RuckesStefan RuesAndreas ZenthöferNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Christoph Roser Lutz D. Hodecker Chris Koebel Christopher J. Lux Dorothee Ruckes Stefan Rues Andreas Zenthöfer Mechanical properties of CAD/CAM-fabricated in comparison to conventionally fabricated functional regulator 3 appliances
description	Abstract Manufacturing of Fränkel's functional regulator 3 (FR3) is complicated and requires extensive knowledge from the dental technician. To determine whether FR3s produced by CAD/CAM techniques (CAD-FR3) meet similar mechanical properties like conventional FR3s (Con-FR3), for each of 10 patient cases, three CAD-FR3 designs (palatal connector cross-section 3 × 3 mm, 4 × 1 mm or 5 × 2 mm) and one Con-FR3 were subjected to cyclic loading and subsequent fracture testing in a universal testing device. Transversal load capacity (Fmax(FR3)) and stiffness were compared among the different CAD-FR3 designs and Con-FR3s using Friedman and Wilcoxon tests with a significance level of α = 0.05. All CAD-FR3 designs had significantly higher mean Fmax(FR3) (p ≤ 0.007) and stiffness (p ≤ 0.005) than the Con-FR3s. The CAD-FR33×3 had the highest mean Fmax(FR3) (98.2 ± 26.2 N) and stiffness (37.1 ± 15.5 N/mm), closely followed by the CAD-FR35×2 (Fmax(FR3): 90.3 ± 24.7 N; stiffness: 30.0 ± 12.3 N/mm). Among the CAD appliances, CAD-FR34×1 had the lowest values (p ≤ 0.007 for all pairwise tests) with Fmax(FR3) of 45.8 ± 17.9 N and stiffness of 12.5 ± 7.3 N/mm. CAD-FR3s have superior mechanical properties in comparison to Con-FR3s if certain design parameters are followed. Further clinical investigations have to examine if they can serve as an alternative in practice.
format	article
author	Christoph Roser Lutz D. Hodecker Chris Koebel Christopher J. Lux Dorothee Ruckes Stefan Rues Andreas Zenthöfer
author_facet	Christoph Roser Lutz D. Hodecker Chris Koebel Christopher J. Lux Dorothee Ruckes Stefan Rues Andreas Zenthöfer
author_sort	Christoph Roser
title	Mechanical properties of CAD/CAM-fabricated in comparison to conventionally fabricated functional regulator 3 appliances
title_short	Mechanical properties of CAD/CAM-fabricated in comparison to conventionally fabricated functional regulator 3 appliances
title_full	Mechanical properties of CAD/CAM-fabricated in comparison to conventionally fabricated functional regulator 3 appliances
title_fullStr	Mechanical properties of CAD/CAM-fabricated in comparison to conventionally fabricated functional regulator 3 appliances
title_full_unstemmed	Mechanical properties of CAD/CAM-fabricated in comparison to conventionally fabricated functional regulator 3 appliances
title_sort	mechanical properties of cad/cam-fabricated in comparison to conventionally fabricated functional regulator 3 appliances
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7c20cf4b78d646d281dab5e2fedb36bb
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Mechanical properties of CAD/CAM-fabricated in comparison to conventionally fabricated functional regulator 3 appliances

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