Health Consequences of Environmental Exposures: Causal Thinking in Global Environmental Epidemiology

The 2010 Global Burden of Disease estimates indicate a trend toward increasing years lived with disability from chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Risk factors examined included smoking, diet, alcohol, <a title="Learn more about Drug Abuse" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com...

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Autores principales:	Peter D. Sly, David O. Carpenter, Martin Van den Berg, Renato T. Stein, Philip J. Landrigan, Marie-Noel Brune-Drisse, William Suk
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Ubiquity Press 2016
Materias:	children pollution non-communicable disease burden of disease public health Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7c2ab8a9648b4007b6c8e09aaddf8ce7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7c2ab8a9648b4007b6c8e09aaddf8ce72021-12-02T03:52:56ZHealth Consequences of Environmental Exposures: Causal Thinking in Global Environmental Epidemiology2214-999610.1016/j.aogh.2016.01.004https://doaj.org/article/7c2ab8a9648b4007b6c8e09aaddf8ce72016-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/1052https://doaj.org/toc/2214-9996The 2010 Global Burden of Disease estimates indicate a trend toward increasing years lived with disability from chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Risk factors examined included smoking, diet, alcohol, <a title="Learn more about Drug Abuse" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/drug-abuse">drug abuse</a>, and physical inactivity. By contrast, little consideration was given to accumulating evidence that exposures to environmental chemicals, <a title="Learn more about Psychosocial Stress" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/psychosocial-stress">psychosocial stress</a>, and <a title="Learn more about Malnutrition" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/malnutrition">malnutrition</a> during fetal development and across the life span also increase risk of NCDs. To address this gap, we undertook a narrative review of early-life environmental contributions to disease. We documented numerous <a title="Learn more about Etiology (medicine)" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/etiology-medicine">etiologic</a>associations. We propose that future GBD estimates use an expanded approach for assessing etiologic contributions of environmental exposures to recognized disease risk factors. We argue that broadening the definition of environmental disease, together with improved methods of assessing early life exposures and their health outcomes across the life span, will allow better understanding of causal associations and provide the incentives required to support strategies to control avoidable exposures and reduce disease risk.Peter D. SlyDavid O. CarpenterMartin Van den BergRenato T. SteinPhilip J. LandriganMarie-Noel Brune-DrisseWilliam SukUbiquity Pressarticlechildrenpollutionnon-communicable diseaseburden of diseasepublic healthInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENAnnals of Global Health, Vol 82, Iss 1, Pp 3-9 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	children pollution non-communicable disease burden of disease public health Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	children pollution non-communicable disease burden of disease public health Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Peter D. Sly David O. Carpenter Martin Van den Berg Renato T. Stein Philip J. Landrigan Marie-Noel Brune-Drisse William Suk Health Consequences of Environmental Exposures: Causal Thinking in Global Environmental Epidemiology
description	The 2010 Global Burden of Disease estimates indicate a trend toward increasing years lived with disability from chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Risk factors examined included smoking, diet, alcohol, <a title="Learn more about Drug Abuse" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/drug-abuse">drug abuse</a>, and physical inactivity. By contrast, little consideration was given to accumulating evidence that exposures to environmental chemicals, <a title="Learn more about Psychosocial Stress" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/psychosocial-stress">psychosocial stress</a>, and <a title="Learn more about Malnutrition" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/malnutrition">malnutrition</a> during fetal development and across the life span also increase risk of NCDs. To address this gap, we undertook a narrative review of early-life environmental contributions to disease. We documented numerous <a title="Learn more about Etiology (medicine)" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/etiology-medicine">etiologic</a>associations. We propose that future GBD estimates use an expanded approach for assessing etiologic contributions of environmental exposures to recognized disease risk factors. We argue that broadening the definition of environmental disease, together with improved methods of assessing early life exposures and their health outcomes across the life span, will allow better understanding of causal associations and provide the incentives required to support strategies to control avoidable exposures and reduce disease risk.
format	article
author	Peter D. Sly David O. Carpenter Martin Van den Berg Renato T. Stein Philip J. Landrigan Marie-Noel Brune-Drisse William Suk
author_facet	Peter D. Sly David O. Carpenter Martin Van den Berg Renato T. Stein Philip J. Landrigan Marie-Noel Brune-Drisse William Suk
author_sort	Peter D. Sly
title	Health Consequences of Environmental Exposures: Causal Thinking in Global Environmental Epidemiology
title_short	Health Consequences of Environmental Exposures: Causal Thinking in Global Environmental Epidemiology
title_full	Health Consequences of Environmental Exposures: Causal Thinking in Global Environmental Epidemiology
title_fullStr	Health Consequences of Environmental Exposures: Causal Thinking in Global Environmental Epidemiology
title_full_unstemmed	Health Consequences of Environmental Exposures: Causal Thinking in Global Environmental Epidemiology
title_sort	health consequences of environmental exposures: causal thinking in global environmental epidemiology
publisher	Ubiquity Press
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/7c2ab8a9648b4007b6c8e09aaddf8ce7
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Health Consequences of Environmental Exposures: Causal Thinking in Global Environmental Epidemiology

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