Insomnia May Mediate the Relationship Between Stress and Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Study in University Students

Md Dilshad Manzar,1 Mohammed Salahuddin,2,3 Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal,4 Ahmed S Bahammam5,6 1Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University (Mi...

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Autores principales:	Manzar MD, Salahuddin M, Pandi-Perumal SR, Bahammam AS
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	stress anxiety insomnia mediator Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7c61332332cf4b66b074119ffc0cdf7b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7c61332332cf4b66b074119ffc0cdf7b2021-12-02T10:41:05ZInsomnia May Mediate the Relationship Between Stress and Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Study in University Students1179-1608https://doaj.org/article/7c61332332cf4b66b074119ffc0cdf7b2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/insomnia-may-mediate-the-relationship-between-stress-and-anxiety-a-cro-peer-reviewed-article-NSShttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1608Md Dilshad Manzar,1 Mohammed Salahuddin,2,3 Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal,4 Ahmed S Bahammam5,6 1Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University (Mizan Campus), Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia; 3Pharmacology Division, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA; 4Somnogen Canada Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada; 5The University Sleep Disorders Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11324, Saudi Arabia; 6National Plan for Science and Technology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Md Dilshad ManzarDepartment of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi ArabiaTel +966-551923468Email m.manzar@mu.edu.saBackground: High perceived stress and anxiety disorders are usually comorbid with each other, with stress often sequentially preceding the development of anxiety. While prior findings showed a causal role of sleep problems in anxiety, no study has assessed the role of insomnia as a mediator in the relationship between stress and anxiety.Methods: A cross-sectional study on university students (n = 475, age = 21.1+2.6 years) was conducted over 3 months. Participants completed self-report measures of Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire-Mizan (LSEQ-M), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), generalized anxiety disorder-7 scale (GAD-7), and a sociodemographic tool. The mediation effect model given by Baron and Kelly was used to determine the relationship.Results: The prevalence of insomnia and anxiety disorder was 43.6% and 21.9%, respectively. Stress was significantly associated with LSEQ-M (insomnia measure) (b = − .44, SE = 0.16, p< 0.01), and high levels of anxiety (b = 0.25, SE = 0.03, p < 0.01). The indirect effect of stress on anxiety through LSEQ-M (insomnia measure) was significant (95% confidence interval [0.01, 0.04]). However, the indirect effect of anxiety on stress through LSEQ-M (insomnia measure) was non-significant (95% confidence interval [− .01, 0.04]).Conclusions: Students having higher perceived stress levels and comorbid insomnia were also likely to have a higher anxiety level.Keywords: stress, anxiety, insomnia, mediatorManzar MDSalahuddin MPandi-Perumal SRBahammam ASDove Medical PressarticlestressanxietyinsomniamediatorPsychiatryRC435-571Neurophysiology and neuropsychologyQP351-495ENNature and Science of Sleep, Vol Volume 13, Pp 31-38 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	stress anxiety insomnia mediator Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
spellingShingle	stress anxiety insomnia mediator Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495 Manzar MD Salahuddin M Pandi-Perumal SR Bahammam AS Insomnia May Mediate the Relationship Between Stress and Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Study in University Students
description	Md Dilshad Manzar,1 Mohammed Salahuddin,2,3 Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal,4 Ahmed S Bahammam5,6 1Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University (Mizan Campus), Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia; 3Pharmacology Division, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA; 4Somnogen Canada Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada; 5The University Sleep Disorders Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11324, Saudi Arabia; 6National Plan for Science and Technology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Md Dilshad ManzarDepartment of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi ArabiaTel +966-551923468Email m.manzar@mu.edu.saBackground: High perceived stress and anxiety disorders are usually comorbid with each other, with stress often sequentially preceding the development of anxiety. While prior findings showed a causal role of sleep problems in anxiety, no study has assessed the role of insomnia as a mediator in the relationship between stress and anxiety.Methods: A cross-sectional study on university students (n = 475, age = 21.1+2.6 years) was conducted over 3 months. Participants completed self-report measures of Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire-Mizan (LSEQ-M), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), generalized anxiety disorder-7 scale (GAD-7), and a sociodemographic tool. The mediation effect model given by Baron and Kelly was used to determine the relationship.Results: The prevalence of insomnia and anxiety disorder was 43.6% and 21.9%, respectively. Stress was significantly associated with LSEQ-M (insomnia measure) (b = − .44, SE = 0.16, p< 0.01), and high levels of anxiety (b = 0.25, SE = 0.03, p < 0.01). The indirect effect of stress on anxiety through LSEQ-M (insomnia measure) was significant (95% confidence interval [0.01, 0.04]). However, the indirect effect of anxiety on stress through LSEQ-M (insomnia measure) was non-significant (95% confidence interval [− .01, 0.04]).Conclusions: Students having higher perceived stress levels and comorbid insomnia were also likely to have a higher anxiety level.Keywords: stress, anxiety, insomnia, mediator
format	article
author	Manzar MD Salahuddin M Pandi-Perumal SR Bahammam AS
author_facet	Manzar MD Salahuddin M Pandi-Perumal SR Bahammam AS
author_sort	Manzar MD
title	Insomnia May Mediate the Relationship Between Stress and Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Study in University Students
title_short	Insomnia May Mediate the Relationship Between Stress and Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Study in University Students
title_full	Insomnia May Mediate the Relationship Between Stress and Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Study in University Students
title_fullStr	Insomnia May Mediate the Relationship Between Stress and Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Study in University Students
title_full_unstemmed	Insomnia May Mediate the Relationship Between Stress and Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Study in University Students
title_sort	insomnia may mediate the relationship between stress and anxiety: a cross-sectional study in university students
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7c61332332cf4b66b074119ffc0cdf7b
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Insomnia May Mediate the Relationship Between Stress and Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Study in University Students

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