High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum by perfusion in naturally exposed water buffalo in a region of the Philippines endemic for human schistosomiasis.

In the past decade, ecological surveys emphasized rats and dogs as the most significant animal reservoirs for Schistosoma japonicum (S.j) in the Philippines. However, recent studies demonstrated 51-91% prevalence of schistosomiasis among water buffalo using qPCR in the Sj endemic regions in the Phil...

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Autores principales:	Mario Jiz, Claro Mingala, Zhi-Qiang Fu, Melika Adriatico, Ke Lu, Blanca Jarilla, Marianne Sagliba, Ammabelle Moreno, Sangshin Park, Jiao-Jiao Lin, Remigio Olveda, Jonathan D Kurtis, Hannah W Wu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7c842344f63d4021b33df4cdffd50d20
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7c842344f63d4021b33df4cdffd50d202021-12-02T20:24:06ZHigh prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum by perfusion in naturally exposed water buffalo in a region of the Philippines endemic for human schistosomiasis.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009796https://doaj.org/article/7c842344f63d4021b33df4cdffd50d202021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009796https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735In the past decade, ecological surveys emphasized rats and dogs as the most significant animal reservoirs for Schistosoma japonicum (S.j) in the Philippines. However, recent studies demonstrated 51-91% prevalence of schistosomiasis among water buffalo using qPCR in the Sj endemic regions in the Philippines. In order to resolve the inconsistency of reported surveys regarding Sj endemicity among carabao, a domestic water buffalo that is the most important draught animal, we introduced 42 schistosome negative water buffalo to Macanip, Jaro municipality, Leyte, the Philippines, a subsistence rice-farming village that has been the focus of schistosomiasis japonica studies of our group for the past 20 years. We conducted perfusion to the remaining 34 buffalo that survived 10 months of nature exposure and Typhoon Haiyan. Thirty-three water buffalo were found to be positive with at least 1 pair of worms from the mesenteric vein. The infection rate is 97%, with the worm burden of 94 (95% confidence interval, 49-138 worms) worms. To our knowledge, this is the first report about S. japonicum worm burden in naturally infected water buffalo in the Philippines. The fact that with less than one-year of exposure, in this human schistosomiasis endemic area, only 1 out of 34 water buffalo was uninfected is striking. Urgent attention is needed for a cost-effective technique for monitoring Sj infection in animals and humans. Meanwhile, intervention implementation, including water buffalo treatment and vaccination, should be taken into consideration.Mario JizClaro MingalaZhi-Qiang FuMelika AdriaticoKe LuBlanca JarillaMarianne SaglibaAmmabelle MorenoSangshin ParkJiao-Jiao LinRemigio OlvedaJonathan D KurtisHannah W WuPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 9, p e0009796 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Mario Jiz Claro Mingala Zhi-Qiang Fu Melika Adriatico Ke Lu Blanca Jarilla Marianne Sagliba Ammabelle Moreno Sangshin Park Jiao-Jiao Lin Remigio Olveda Jonathan D Kurtis Hannah W Wu High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum by perfusion in naturally exposed water buffalo in a region of the Philippines endemic for human schistosomiasis.
description	In the past decade, ecological surveys emphasized rats and dogs as the most significant animal reservoirs for Schistosoma japonicum (S.j) in the Philippines. However, recent studies demonstrated 51-91% prevalence of schistosomiasis among water buffalo using qPCR in the Sj endemic regions in the Philippines. In order to resolve the inconsistency of reported surveys regarding Sj endemicity among carabao, a domestic water buffalo that is the most important draught animal, we introduced 42 schistosome negative water buffalo to Macanip, Jaro municipality, Leyte, the Philippines, a subsistence rice-farming village that has been the focus of schistosomiasis japonica studies of our group for the past 20 years. We conducted perfusion to the remaining 34 buffalo that survived 10 months of nature exposure and Typhoon Haiyan. Thirty-three water buffalo were found to be positive with at least 1 pair of worms from the mesenteric vein. The infection rate is 97%, with the worm burden of 94 (95% confidence interval, 49-138 worms) worms. To our knowledge, this is the first report about S. japonicum worm burden in naturally infected water buffalo in the Philippines. The fact that with less than one-year of exposure, in this human schistosomiasis endemic area, only 1 out of 34 water buffalo was uninfected is striking. Urgent attention is needed for a cost-effective technique for monitoring Sj infection in animals and humans. Meanwhile, intervention implementation, including water buffalo treatment and vaccination, should be taken into consideration.
format	article
author	Mario Jiz Claro Mingala Zhi-Qiang Fu Melika Adriatico Ke Lu Blanca Jarilla Marianne Sagliba Ammabelle Moreno Sangshin Park Jiao-Jiao Lin Remigio Olveda Jonathan D Kurtis Hannah W Wu
author_facet	Mario Jiz Claro Mingala Zhi-Qiang Fu Melika Adriatico Ke Lu Blanca Jarilla Marianne Sagliba Ammabelle Moreno Sangshin Park Jiao-Jiao Lin Remigio Olveda Jonathan D Kurtis Hannah W Wu
author_sort	Mario Jiz
title	High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum by perfusion in naturally exposed water buffalo in a region of the Philippines endemic for human schistosomiasis.
title_short	High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum by perfusion in naturally exposed water buffalo in a region of the Philippines endemic for human schistosomiasis.
title_full	High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum by perfusion in naturally exposed water buffalo in a region of the Philippines endemic for human schistosomiasis.
title_fullStr	High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum by perfusion in naturally exposed water buffalo in a region of the Philippines endemic for human schistosomiasis.
title_full_unstemmed	High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum by perfusion in naturally exposed water buffalo in a region of the Philippines endemic for human schistosomiasis.
title_sort	high prevalence of schistosoma japonicum by perfusion in naturally exposed water buffalo in a region of the philippines endemic for human schistosomiasis.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7c842344f63d4021b33df4cdffd50d20
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High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum by perfusion in naturally exposed water buffalo in a region of the Philippines endemic for human schistosomiasis.

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