Human Sensation of Transcranial Electric Stimulation

Abstract Noninvasive transcranial electric stimulation is increasingly being used as an advantageous therapy alternative that may activate deep tissues while avoiding drug side-effects. However, not only is there limited evidence for activation of deep tissues by transcranial electric stimulation, i...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Fan-Gang Zeng, Phillip Tran, Matthew Richardson, Shuping Sun, Yuchen Xu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2019
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7c91d71185e34d189b431c64320a4aad
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:7c91d71185e34d189b431c64320a4aad
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7c91d71185e34d189b431c64320a4aad2021-12-02T15:08:46ZHuman Sensation of Transcranial Electric Stimulation10.1038/s41598-019-51792-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/7c91d71185e34d189b431c64320a4aad2019-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51792-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Noninvasive transcranial electric stimulation is increasingly being used as an advantageous therapy alternative that may activate deep tissues while avoiding drug side-effects. However, not only is there limited evidence for activation of deep tissues by transcranial electric stimulation, its evoked human sensation is understudied and often dismissed as a placebo or secondary effect. By systematically characterizing the human sensation evoked by transcranial alternating-current stimulation, we observed not only stimulus frequency and electrode position dependencies specific for auditory and visual sensation but also a broader presence of somatic sensation ranging from touch and vibration to pain and pressure. We found generally monotonic input-output functions at suprathreshold levels, and often multiple types of sensation occurring simultaneously in response to the same electric stimulation. We further used a recording circuit embedded in a cochlear implant to directly and objectively measure the amount of transcranial electric stimulation reaching the auditory nerve, a deep intercranial target located in the densest bone of the skull. We found an optimal configuration using an ear canal electrode and low-frequency (<300 Hz) sinusoids that delivered maximally ~1% of the transcranial current to the auditory nerve, which was sufficient to produce sound sensation even in deafened ears. Our results suggest that frequency resonance due to neuronal intrinsic electric properties need to be explored for targeted deep brain stimulation and novel brain-computer interfaces.Fan-Gang ZengPhillip TranMatthew RichardsonShuping SunYuchen XuNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Fan-Gang Zeng Phillip Tran Matthew Richardson Shuping Sun Yuchen Xu Human Sensation of Transcranial Electric Stimulation
description	Abstract Noninvasive transcranial electric stimulation is increasingly being used as an advantageous therapy alternative that may activate deep tissues while avoiding drug side-effects. However, not only is there limited evidence for activation of deep tissues by transcranial electric stimulation, its evoked human sensation is understudied and often dismissed as a placebo or secondary effect. By systematically characterizing the human sensation evoked by transcranial alternating-current stimulation, we observed not only stimulus frequency and electrode position dependencies specific for auditory and visual sensation but also a broader presence of somatic sensation ranging from touch and vibration to pain and pressure. We found generally monotonic input-output functions at suprathreshold levels, and often multiple types of sensation occurring simultaneously in response to the same electric stimulation. We further used a recording circuit embedded in a cochlear implant to directly and objectively measure the amount of transcranial electric stimulation reaching the auditory nerve, a deep intercranial target located in the densest bone of the skull. We found an optimal configuration using an ear canal electrode and low-frequency (<300 Hz) sinusoids that delivered maximally ~1% of the transcranial current to the auditory nerve, which was sufficient to produce sound sensation even in deafened ears. Our results suggest that frequency resonance due to neuronal intrinsic electric properties need to be explored for targeted deep brain stimulation and novel brain-computer interfaces.
format	article
author	Fan-Gang Zeng Phillip Tran Matthew Richardson Shuping Sun Yuchen Xu
author_facet	Fan-Gang Zeng Phillip Tran Matthew Richardson Shuping Sun Yuchen Xu
author_sort	Fan-Gang Zeng
title	Human Sensation of Transcranial Electric Stimulation
title_short	Human Sensation of Transcranial Electric Stimulation
title_full	Human Sensation of Transcranial Electric Stimulation
title_fullStr	Human Sensation of Transcranial Electric Stimulation
title_full_unstemmed	Human Sensation of Transcranial Electric Stimulation
title_sort	human sensation of transcranial electric stimulation
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/7c91d71185e34d189b431c64320a4aad
work_keys_str_mv	AT fangangzeng humansensationoftranscranialelectricstimulation AT philliptran humansensationoftranscranialelectricstimulation AT matthewrichardson humansensationoftranscranialelectricstimulation AT shupingsun humansensationoftranscranialelectricstimulation AT yuchenxu humansensationoftranscranialelectricstimulation
_version_	1718388007734607872

Human Sensation of Transcranial Electric Stimulation

Ejemplares similares