The Influence of Undercooling ΔT on the Structure and Tensile Strength of Grey Cast Iron

Inoculation of cast iron has become a commonly used metallurgical process, which is carried out in a foundry in order to improve the mechanical properties of utility alloys. It consists in changing the physicochemical state of the melted alloy. This change is caused by the introduction of cast iron...

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Autores principales:	Józef Dorula, Dariusz Kopyciński, Edward Guzik, Andrzej Szczęsny, Daniel Gurgul
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	grey cast iron inoculation primary austenite degree of undercooling tensile strength Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7cbd43bd5f7840f381f1fd9b5654b124
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7cbd43bd5f7840f381f1fd9b5654b1242021-11-11T18:11:27ZThe Influence of Undercooling ΔT on the Structure and Tensile Strength of Grey Cast Iron10.3390/ma142166821996-1944https://doaj.org/article/7cbd43bd5f7840f381f1fd9b5654b1242021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6682https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944Inoculation of cast iron has become a commonly used metallurgical process, which is carried out in a foundry in order to improve the mechanical properties of utility alloys. It consists in changing the physicochemical state of the melted alloy. This change is caused by the introduction of cast iron with a low ability to nucleate graphite, shortly before pouring a small mass of the substance—an inoculant that increases the number of active nuclei. It is also justified that the literature often connects an increase in the tensile strength UTS of the inoculated grey cast iron, with changes in the characteristics of the particles of graphite. However, in strongly hypoeutectic cast iron, in which a large number of primary austenite grains crystallize, the interdendritic distribution of graphite is usually the result. It also follows that the nature of the graphite precipitates is determined by the mutual relations between the interfacial distances in eutectic grains and the interdendritic distances in the grains of primary austenite occurring in the Fe–C alloys. The article presents the influence of the inoculant on the characteristics of the precipitation of primary austenite grains in relation to the sulphur content in grey cast iron with flake graphite. The study also showed that primary grains in grey cast iron have a great influence on mechanical properties, such as the tensile strength UTS. In this case, the key is to know the value of the degree of undercooling ΔT. The type of inoculant used affects the ΔT value. The study related the number of N primary austenite grains with the degree of undercooling ΔT and the tensile strength UTS with the number of primary austenite N grains.Józef DorulaDariusz KopycińskiEdward GuzikAndrzej SzczęsnyDaniel GurgulMDPI AGarticlegrey cast ironinoculationprimary austenitedegree of undercoolingtensile strengthTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6682, p 6682 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	grey cast iron inoculation primary austenite degree of undercooling tensile strength Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	grey cast iron inoculation primary austenite degree of undercooling tensile strength Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Józef Dorula Dariusz Kopyciński Edward Guzik Andrzej Szczęsny Daniel Gurgul The Influence of Undercooling ΔT on the Structure and Tensile Strength of Grey Cast Iron
description	Inoculation of cast iron has become a commonly used metallurgical process, which is carried out in a foundry in order to improve the mechanical properties of utility alloys. It consists in changing the physicochemical state of the melted alloy. This change is caused by the introduction of cast iron with a low ability to nucleate graphite, shortly before pouring a small mass of the substance—an inoculant that increases the number of active nuclei. It is also justified that the literature often connects an increase in the tensile strength UTS of the inoculated grey cast iron, with changes in the characteristics of the particles of graphite. However, in strongly hypoeutectic cast iron, in which a large number of primary austenite grains crystallize, the interdendritic distribution of graphite is usually the result. It also follows that the nature of the graphite precipitates is determined by the mutual relations between the interfacial distances in eutectic grains and the interdendritic distances in the grains of primary austenite occurring in the Fe–C alloys. The article presents the influence of the inoculant on the characteristics of the precipitation of primary austenite grains in relation to the sulphur content in grey cast iron with flake graphite. The study also showed that primary grains in grey cast iron have a great influence on mechanical properties, such as the tensile strength UTS. In this case, the key is to know the value of the degree of undercooling ΔT. The type of inoculant used affects the ΔT value. The study related the number of N primary austenite grains with the degree of undercooling ΔT and the tensile strength UTS with the number of primary austenite N grains.
format	article
author	Józef Dorula Dariusz Kopyciński Edward Guzik Andrzej Szczęsny Daniel Gurgul
author_facet	Józef Dorula Dariusz Kopyciński Edward Guzik Andrzej Szczęsny Daniel Gurgul
author_sort	Józef Dorula
title	The Influence of Undercooling ΔT on the Structure and Tensile Strength of Grey Cast Iron
title_short	The Influence of Undercooling ΔT on the Structure and Tensile Strength of Grey Cast Iron
title_full	The Influence of Undercooling ΔT on the Structure and Tensile Strength of Grey Cast Iron
title_fullStr	The Influence of Undercooling ΔT on the Structure and Tensile Strength of Grey Cast Iron
title_full_unstemmed	The Influence of Undercooling ΔT on the Structure and Tensile Strength of Grey Cast Iron
title_sort	influence of undercooling δt on the structure and tensile strength of grey cast iron
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7cbd43bd5f7840f381f1fd9b5654b124
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The Influence of Undercooling ΔT on the Structure and Tensile Strength of Grey Cast Iron

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