Insight into Factors Influencing Wound Healing Using Phosphorylated Cellulose-Filled-Chitosan Nanocomposite Films

Marine polysaccharides are believed to be promising wound-dressing nanomaterials because of their biocompatibility, antibacterial and hemostatic activity, and ability to easily shape into transparent films, hydrogels, and porous foams that can provide a moist micro-environment and adsorb exudates. C...

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Autores principales:	Marta Kędzierska, Sara Blilid, Katarzyna Miłowska, Joanna Kołodziejczyk-Czepas, Nadia Katir, Mohammed Lahcini, Abdelkrim El Kadib, Maria Bryszewska
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	chitosan cellulose phosphorylated cellulose bio-composites wound-healing Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7d06a7accfcf4988958c9a2008469c2c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7d06a7accfcf4988958c9a2008469c2c2021-11-11T16:51:34ZInsight into Factors Influencing Wound Healing Using Phosphorylated Cellulose-Filled-Chitosan Nanocomposite Films10.3390/ijms2221113861422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/7d06a7accfcf4988958c9a2008469c2c2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11386https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Marine polysaccharides are believed to be promising wound-dressing nanomaterials because of their biocompatibility, antibacterial and hemostatic activity, and ability to easily shape into transparent films, hydrogels, and porous foams that can provide a moist micro-environment and adsorb exudates. Current efforts are firmly focused on the preparation of novel polysaccharide-derived nanomaterials functionalized with chemical objects to meet the mechanical and biological requirements of ideal wound healing systems. In this contribution, we investigated the characteristics of six different cellulose-filled chitosan transparent films as potential factors that could help to accelerate wound healing. Both microcrystalline and nano-sized cellulose, as well as native and phosphorylated cellulose, were used as fillers to simultaneously elucidate the roles of size and functionalization. The assessment of their influences on hemostatic properties indicated that the tested nanocomposites shorten clotting times by affecting both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of the blood coagulation system. We also showed that all biocomposites have antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the materials against two cell lines, human BJ fibroblasts and human KERTr keratinocytes, was investigated. The nature of the cellulose used as a filler was found to influence their cytotoxicity at a relatively low level. Potential mechanisms of cytotoxicity were also investigated; only one (phosphorylated microcellulose-filled chitosan films) of the compounds tested produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) to a small extent, and some films reduced the level of ROS, probably due to their antioxidant properties. The transmembrane mitochondrial potential was very slightly lowered. These biocompatible films showed no genotoxicity, and very importantly for wound healing, most of them significantly accelerated migration of both fibroblasts and keratinocytes.Marta KędzierskaSara BlilidKatarzyna MiłowskaJoanna Kołodziejczyk-CzepasNadia KatirMohammed LahciniAbdelkrim El KadibMaria BryszewskaMDPI AGarticlechitosancellulosephosphorylated cellulosebio-compositeswound-healingBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11386, p 11386 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chitosan cellulose phosphorylated cellulose bio-composites wound-healing Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	chitosan cellulose phosphorylated cellulose bio-composites wound-healing Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Marta Kędzierska Sara Blilid Katarzyna Miłowska Joanna Kołodziejczyk-Czepas Nadia Katir Mohammed Lahcini Abdelkrim El Kadib Maria Bryszewska Insight into Factors Influencing Wound Healing Using Phosphorylated Cellulose-Filled-Chitosan Nanocomposite Films
description	Marine polysaccharides are believed to be promising wound-dressing nanomaterials because of their biocompatibility, antibacterial and hemostatic activity, and ability to easily shape into transparent films, hydrogels, and porous foams that can provide a moist micro-environment and adsorb exudates. Current efforts are firmly focused on the preparation of novel polysaccharide-derived nanomaterials functionalized with chemical objects to meet the mechanical and biological requirements of ideal wound healing systems. In this contribution, we investigated the characteristics of six different cellulose-filled chitosan transparent films as potential factors that could help to accelerate wound healing. Both microcrystalline and nano-sized cellulose, as well as native and phosphorylated cellulose, were used as fillers to simultaneously elucidate the roles of size and functionalization. The assessment of their influences on hemostatic properties indicated that the tested nanocomposites shorten clotting times by affecting both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of the blood coagulation system. We also showed that all biocomposites have antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the materials against two cell lines, human BJ fibroblasts and human KERTr keratinocytes, was investigated. The nature of the cellulose used as a filler was found to influence their cytotoxicity at a relatively low level. Potential mechanisms of cytotoxicity were also investigated; only one (phosphorylated microcellulose-filled chitosan films) of the compounds tested produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) to a small extent, and some films reduced the level of ROS, probably due to their antioxidant properties. The transmembrane mitochondrial potential was very slightly lowered. These biocompatible films showed no genotoxicity, and very importantly for wound healing, most of them significantly accelerated migration of both fibroblasts and keratinocytes.
format	article
author	Marta Kędzierska Sara Blilid Katarzyna Miłowska Joanna Kołodziejczyk-Czepas Nadia Katir Mohammed Lahcini Abdelkrim El Kadib Maria Bryszewska
author_facet	Marta Kędzierska Sara Blilid Katarzyna Miłowska Joanna Kołodziejczyk-Czepas Nadia Katir Mohammed Lahcini Abdelkrim El Kadib Maria Bryszewska
author_sort	Marta Kędzierska
title	Insight into Factors Influencing Wound Healing Using Phosphorylated Cellulose-Filled-Chitosan Nanocomposite Films
title_short	Insight into Factors Influencing Wound Healing Using Phosphorylated Cellulose-Filled-Chitosan Nanocomposite Films
title_full	Insight into Factors Influencing Wound Healing Using Phosphorylated Cellulose-Filled-Chitosan Nanocomposite Films
title_fullStr	Insight into Factors Influencing Wound Healing Using Phosphorylated Cellulose-Filled-Chitosan Nanocomposite Films
title_full_unstemmed	Insight into Factors Influencing Wound Healing Using Phosphorylated Cellulose-Filled-Chitosan Nanocomposite Films
title_sort	insight into factors influencing wound healing using phosphorylated cellulose-filled-chitosan nanocomposite films
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7d06a7accfcf4988958c9a2008469c2c
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Insight into Factors Influencing Wound Healing Using Phosphorylated Cellulose-Filled-Chitosan Nanocomposite Films

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