Knowledge of Brucellosis, Health-Seeking Behaviour, and Risk Factors for <i>Brucella</i> Infection amongst Workers on Cattle Farms in Gauteng, South Africa

Brucellosis in humans is under-detected and underreported in sub-Saharan Africa. Risk factors associated with <i>Brucella</i> infection and health seeking behaviour in response to brucellosis-like symptoms, amongst cattle farm workers and veterinary officials in South Africa, are unknown...

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Autores principales:	Krpasha Govindasamy, Eric M. C. Etter, Bernice N. Harris, Jennifer Rossouw, Darrell A. Abernethy, Peter N. Thompson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	bovine brucellosis human Brucella B. abortus South Africa Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7d1cc362233044e480238ed49b960a75
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7d1cc362233044e480238ed49b960a752021-11-25T18:38:37ZKnowledge of Brucellosis, Health-Seeking Behaviour, and Risk Factors for <i>Brucella</i> Infection amongst Workers on Cattle Farms in Gauteng, South Africa10.3390/pathogens101114842076-0817https://doaj.org/article/7d1cc362233044e480238ed49b960a752021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/11/1484https://doaj.org/toc/2076-0817Brucellosis in humans is under-detected and underreported in sub-Saharan Africa. Risk factors associated with <i>Brucella</i> infection and health seeking behaviour in response to brucellosis-like symptoms, amongst cattle farm workers and veterinary officials in South Africa, are unknown. Farm workers and veterinary officials (<i>N</i> = 230) were screened for brucellosis using commercial Rose Bengal Test (RBT<sup>®</sup>), IgM Enzyme-linked Immunoassay (ELISA)<sup>®</sup>, IgG ELISA<sup>®</sup> and the BrucellaCapt<sup>®</sup> test. Knowledge of brucellosis and risk factors for exposure to <i>Brucella</i> were also investigated. Seroprevalence varied according to test used: 10.1% (RBT<sup>®</sup>), 20.9% (IgG ELISA<sup>®</sup>) and 6.5% (BrucellaCapt<sup>®</sup>). Only 22.2% (6/27) of veterinary officials opt to visit a clinic, doctor, or hospital in response to self-experienced brucellosis-like symptoms, compared to 74.9% (152/203) of farm workers (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Of the BrucellaCapt<sup>®</sup> seropositive participants, 53% (7/15) did not visit a clinic in response to brucellosis-like symptoms. Weak evidence of an association between the handling of afterbirth or placenta and infection of a short evolution (RBT<sup>®</sup>, IgM ELISA<sup>®</sup> and IgG ELISA<sup>®</sup> seropositive) was found (OR = 8.9, 95% CI: 1.0–81.1, <i>p</i> = 0.052), and strong evidence of an association between this outcome and the slaughter of cattle (OR = 5.3, 95% CI: 1.4–19.6, <i>p</i> = 0.013). There was strong evidence of a positive association between inactive/resolved infection and veterinary officials vs. farm workers exposed to seropositive herds (OR = 7.0, 95% CI: 2.4–20.2, <i>p</i> < 0.001), with a simultaneous negative association with the handling of afterbirth or placenta (OR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.3–11.3, <i>p</i> = 0.012). Findings suggest a proportion of undetected clinical cases of brucellosis amongst workers on cattle farms in Gauteng.Krpasha GovindasamyEric M. C. EtterBernice N. HarrisJennifer RossouwDarrell A. AbernethyPeter N. ThompsonMDPI AGarticlebovinebrucellosishumanBrucellaB. abortusSouth AfricaMedicineRENPathogens, Vol 10, Iss 1484, p 1484 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bovine brucellosis human Brucella B. abortus South Africa Medicine R
spellingShingle	bovine brucellosis human Brucella B. abortus South Africa Medicine R Krpasha Govindasamy Eric M. C. Etter Bernice N. Harris Jennifer Rossouw Darrell A. Abernethy Peter N. Thompson Knowledge of Brucellosis, Health-Seeking Behaviour, and Risk Factors for <i>Brucella</i> Infection amongst Workers on Cattle Farms in Gauteng, South Africa
description	Brucellosis in humans is under-detected and underreported in sub-Saharan Africa. Risk factors associated with <i>Brucella</i> infection and health seeking behaviour in response to brucellosis-like symptoms, amongst cattle farm workers and veterinary officials in South Africa, are unknown. Farm workers and veterinary officials (<i>N</i> = 230) were screened for brucellosis using commercial Rose Bengal Test (RBT<sup>®</sup>), IgM Enzyme-linked Immunoassay (ELISA)<sup>®</sup>, IgG ELISA<sup>®</sup> and the BrucellaCapt<sup>®</sup> test. Knowledge of brucellosis and risk factors for exposure to <i>Brucella</i> were also investigated. Seroprevalence varied according to test used: 10.1% (RBT<sup>®</sup>), 20.9% (IgG ELISA<sup>®</sup>) and 6.5% (BrucellaCapt<sup>®</sup>). Only 22.2% (6/27) of veterinary officials opt to visit a clinic, doctor, or hospital in response to self-experienced brucellosis-like symptoms, compared to 74.9% (152/203) of farm workers (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Of the BrucellaCapt<sup>®</sup> seropositive participants, 53% (7/15) did not visit a clinic in response to brucellosis-like symptoms. Weak evidence of an association between the handling of afterbirth or placenta and infection of a short evolution (RBT<sup>®</sup>, IgM ELISA<sup>®</sup> and IgG ELISA<sup>®</sup> seropositive) was found (OR = 8.9, 95% CI: 1.0–81.1, <i>p</i> = 0.052), and strong evidence of an association between this outcome and the slaughter of cattle (OR = 5.3, 95% CI: 1.4–19.6, <i>p</i> = 0.013). There was strong evidence of a positive association between inactive/resolved infection and veterinary officials vs. farm workers exposed to seropositive herds (OR = 7.0, 95% CI: 2.4–20.2, <i>p</i> < 0.001), with a simultaneous negative association with the handling of afterbirth or placenta (OR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.3–11.3, <i>p</i> = 0.012). Findings suggest a proportion of undetected clinical cases of brucellosis amongst workers on cattle farms in Gauteng.
format	article
author	Krpasha Govindasamy Eric M. C. Etter Bernice N. Harris Jennifer Rossouw Darrell A. Abernethy Peter N. Thompson
author_facet	Krpasha Govindasamy Eric M. C. Etter Bernice N. Harris Jennifer Rossouw Darrell A. Abernethy Peter N. Thompson
author_sort	Krpasha Govindasamy
title	Knowledge of Brucellosis, Health-Seeking Behaviour, and Risk Factors for <i>Brucella</i> Infection amongst Workers on Cattle Farms in Gauteng, South Africa
title_short	Knowledge of Brucellosis, Health-Seeking Behaviour, and Risk Factors for <i>Brucella</i> Infection amongst Workers on Cattle Farms in Gauteng, South Africa
title_full	Knowledge of Brucellosis, Health-Seeking Behaviour, and Risk Factors for <i>Brucella</i> Infection amongst Workers on Cattle Farms in Gauteng, South Africa
title_fullStr	Knowledge of Brucellosis, Health-Seeking Behaviour, and Risk Factors for <i>Brucella</i> Infection amongst Workers on Cattle Farms in Gauteng, South Africa
title_full_unstemmed	Knowledge of Brucellosis, Health-Seeking Behaviour, and Risk Factors for <i>Brucella</i> Infection amongst Workers on Cattle Farms in Gauteng, South Africa
title_sort	knowledge of brucellosis, health-seeking behaviour, and risk factors for <i>brucella</i> infection amongst workers on cattle farms in gauteng, south africa
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7d1cc362233044e480238ed49b960a75
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Knowledge of Brucellosis, Health-Seeking Behaviour, and Risk Factors for <i>Brucella</i> Infection amongst Workers on Cattle Farms in Gauteng, South Africa

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