Individualized Responses of Gut Microbiota to Dietary Intervention Modeled in Humanized Mice

ABSTRACT Diet plays an important role in shaping the structure and function of the gut microbiota. The microbes and microbial products in turn can influence various aspects of host physiology. One promising route to affect host function and restore health is by altering the gut microbiome using diet...

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Autores principales:	Samuel A. Smits, Angela Marcobal, Steven Higginbottom, Justin L. Sonnenburg, Purna C. Kashyap
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2016
Materias:	function gastrointestinal metabolite obesity prebiotic precision Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7d3d0852f74342e893b080724a0996c4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7d3d0852f74342e893b080724a0996c42021-12-02T19:45:30ZIndividualized Responses of Gut Microbiota to Dietary Intervention Modeled in Humanized Mice10.1128/mSystems.00098-162379-5077https://doaj.org/article/7d3d0852f74342e893b080724a0996c42016-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSystems.00098-16https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5077ABSTRACT Diet plays an important role in shaping the structure and function of the gut microbiota. The microbes and microbial products in turn can influence various aspects of host physiology. One promising route to affect host function and restore health is by altering the gut microbiome using dietary intervention. The individuality of the microbiome may pose a significant challenge, so we sought to determine how different microbiotas respond to the same dietary intervention in a controlled setting. We modeled gut microbiotas from three healthy donors in germfree mice and defined compositional and functional alteration following a change in dietary microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs). The three gut communities exhibited responses that differed markedly in magnitude and in the composition of microbiota-derived metabolites. Adjustments in community membership did not correspond to the magnitude of changes in the microbial metabolites, highlighting potential challenges in predicting functional responses from compositional data and the need to assess multiple microbiota parameters following dietary interventions. IMPORTANCE Dietary modification has long been used empirically to modify symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and a diverse group of diseases with gastrointestinal symptoms. There is both anecdotal and scientific evidence to suggest that individuals respond quite differently to similar dietary changes, and the highly individualized nature of the gut microbiota makes it a prime candidate for these differences. To overcome the typical confounding factors of human dietary interventions, here we employ ex-germfree mice colonized by microbiotas of three different humans to test how different microbiotas respond to a defined change in carbohydrate content of diet by measuring changes in microbiota composition and function using marker gene-based next-generation sequencing and metabolomics. Our findings suggest that the same diet has very different effects on each microbiota’s membership and function, which may in turn explain interindividual differences in response to a dietary ingredient. Author Video: An author video summary of this article is available.Samuel A. SmitsAngela MarcobalSteven HigginbottomJustin L. SonnenburgPurna C. KashyapAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticlefunctiongastrointestinalmetaboliteobesityprebioticprecisionMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSystems, Vol 1, Iss 5 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	function gastrointestinal metabolite obesity prebiotic precision Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	function gastrointestinal metabolite obesity prebiotic precision Microbiology QR1-502 Samuel A. Smits Angela Marcobal Steven Higginbottom Justin L. Sonnenburg Purna C. Kashyap Individualized Responses of Gut Microbiota to Dietary Intervention Modeled in Humanized Mice
description	ABSTRACT Diet plays an important role in shaping the structure and function of the gut microbiota. The microbes and microbial products in turn can influence various aspects of host physiology. One promising route to affect host function and restore health is by altering the gut microbiome using dietary intervention. The individuality of the microbiome may pose a significant challenge, so we sought to determine how different microbiotas respond to the same dietary intervention in a controlled setting. We modeled gut microbiotas from three healthy donors in germfree mice and defined compositional and functional alteration following a change in dietary microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs). The three gut communities exhibited responses that differed markedly in magnitude and in the composition of microbiota-derived metabolites. Adjustments in community membership did not correspond to the magnitude of changes in the microbial metabolites, highlighting potential challenges in predicting functional responses from compositional data and the need to assess multiple microbiota parameters following dietary interventions. IMPORTANCE Dietary modification has long been used empirically to modify symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and a diverse group of diseases with gastrointestinal symptoms. There is both anecdotal and scientific evidence to suggest that individuals respond quite differently to similar dietary changes, and the highly individualized nature of the gut microbiota makes it a prime candidate for these differences. To overcome the typical confounding factors of human dietary interventions, here we employ ex-germfree mice colonized by microbiotas of three different humans to test how different microbiotas respond to a defined change in carbohydrate content of diet by measuring changes in microbiota composition and function using marker gene-based next-generation sequencing and metabolomics. Our findings suggest that the same diet has very different effects on each microbiota’s membership and function, which may in turn explain interindividual differences in response to a dietary ingredient. Author Video: An author video summary of this article is available.
format	article
author	Samuel A. Smits Angela Marcobal Steven Higginbottom Justin L. Sonnenburg Purna C. Kashyap
author_facet	Samuel A. Smits Angela Marcobal Steven Higginbottom Justin L. Sonnenburg Purna C. Kashyap
author_sort	Samuel A. Smits
title	Individualized Responses of Gut Microbiota to Dietary Intervention Modeled in Humanized Mice
title_short	Individualized Responses of Gut Microbiota to Dietary Intervention Modeled in Humanized Mice
title_full	Individualized Responses of Gut Microbiota to Dietary Intervention Modeled in Humanized Mice
title_fullStr	Individualized Responses of Gut Microbiota to Dietary Intervention Modeled in Humanized Mice
title_full_unstemmed	Individualized Responses of Gut Microbiota to Dietary Intervention Modeled in Humanized Mice
title_sort	individualized responses of gut microbiota to dietary intervention modeled in humanized mice
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/7d3d0852f74342e893b080724a0996c4
work_keys_str_mv	AT samuelasmits individualizedresponsesofgutmicrobiotatodietaryinterventionmodeledinhumanizedmice AT angelamarcobal individualizedresponsesofgutmicrobiotatodietaryinterventionmodeledinhumanizedmice AT stevenhigginbottom individualizedresponsesofgutmicrobiotatodietaryinterventionmodeledinhumanizedmice AT justinlsonnenburg individualizedresponsesofgutmicrobiotatodietaryinterventionmodeledinhumanizedmice AT purnackashyap individualizedresponsesofgutmicrobiotatodietaryinterventionmodeledinhumanizedmice
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Individualized Responses of Gut Microbiota to Dietary Intervention Modeled in Humanized Mice

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