The effect of a ketogenic diet and synergy with rapamycin in a mouse model of breast cancer.

<h4>Background</h4>The effects of diet in cancer, in general, and breast cancer in particular, are not well understood. Insulin inhibition in ketogenic, high fat diets, modulate downstream signaling molecules and are postulated to have therapeutic benefits. Obesity and diabetes have been...

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Autores principales:	Yiyu Zou, Susan Fineberg, Alexander Pearlman, Richard D Feinman, Eugene J Fine
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7d4d44886e0648df925d46603a108c9d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7d4d44886e0648df925d46603a108c9d2021-12-02T20:11:28ZThe effect of a ketogenic diet and synergy with rapamycin in a mouse model of breast cancer.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0233662https://doaj.org/article/7d4d44886e0648df925d46603a108c9d2020-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233662https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The effects of diet in cancer, in general, and breast cancer in particular, are not well understood. Insulin inhibition in ketogenic, high fat diets, modulate downstream signaling molecules and are postulated to have therapeutic benefits. Obesity and diabetes have been associated with higher incidence of breast cancer. Addition of anti-cancer drugs together with diet is also not well studied.<h4>Methods</h4>Two diets, one ketogenic, the other standard mouse chow, were tested in a spontaneous breast cancer model in 34 mice. Subgroups of 3-9 mice were assigned, in which the diet were implemented either with or without added rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor and potential anti-cancer drug.<h4>Results</h4>Blood glucose and insulin concentrations in mice ingesting the ketogenic diet (KD) were significantly lower, whereas beta hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels were significantly higher, respectively, than in mice on the standard diet (SD). Growth of primary breast tumors and lung metastases were inhibited, and lifespans were longer in the KD mice compared to mice on the SD (p<0.005). Rapamycin improved survival in both mouse diet groups, but when combined with the KD was more effective than when combined with the SD.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The study provides proof of principle that a ketogenic diet a) results in serum insulin reduction and ketosis in a spontaneous breast cancer mouse model; b) can serve as a therapeutic anti-cancer agent; and c) can enhance the effects of rapamycin, an anti-cancer drug, permitting dose reduction for comparable effect. Further, the ketogenic diet in this model produces superior cancer control than standard mouse chow whether with or without added rapamycin.Yiyu ZouSusan FinebergAlexander PearlmanRichard D FeinmanEugene J FinePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 12, p e0233662 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Yiyu Zou Susan Fineberg Alexander Pearlman Richard D Feinman Eugene J Fine The effect of a ketogenic diet and synergy with rapamycin in a mouse model of breast cancer.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The effects of diet in cancer, in general, and breast cancer in particular, are not well understood. Insulin inhibition in ketogenic, high fat diets, modulate downstream signaling molecules and are postulated to have therapeutic benefits. Obesity and diabetes have been associated with higher incidence of breast cancer. Addition of anti-cancer drugs together with diet is also not well studied.<h4>Methods</h4>Two diets, one ketogenic, the other standard mouse chow, were tested in a spontaneous breast cancer model in 34 mice. Subgroups of 3-9 mice were assigned, in which the diet were implemented either with or without added rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor and potential anti-cancer drug.<h4>Results</h4>Blood glucose and insulin concentrations in mice ingesting the ketogenic diet (KD) were significantly lower, whereas beta hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels were significantly higher, respectively, than in mice on the standard diet (SD). Growth of primary breast tumors and lung metastases were inhibited, and lifespans were longer in the KD mice compared to mice on the SD (p<0.005). Rapamycin improved survival in both mouse diet groups, but when combined with the KD was more effective than when combined with the SD.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The study provides proof of principle that a ketogenic diet a) results in serum insulin reduction and ketosis in a spontaneous breast cancer mouse model; b) can serve as a therapeutic anti-cancer agent; and c) can enhance the effects of rapamycin, an anti-cancer drug, permitting dose reduction for comparable effect. Further, the ketogenic diet in this model produces superior cancer control than standard mouse chow whether with or without added rapamycin.
format	article
author	Yiyu Zou Susan Fineberg Alexander Pearlman Richard D Feinman Eugene J Fine
author_facet	Yiyu Zou Susan Fineberg Alexander Pearlman Richard D Feinman Eugene J Fine
author_sort	Yiyu Zou
title	The effect of a ketogenic diet and synergy with rapamycin in a mouse model of breast cancer.
title_short	The effect of a ketogenic diet and synergy with rapamycin in a mouse model of breast cancer.
title_full	The effect of a ketogenic diet and synergy with rapamycin in a mouse model of breast cancer.
title_fullStr	The effect of a ketogenic diet and synergy with rapamycin in a mouse model of breast cancer.
title_full_unstemmed	The effect of a ketogenic diet and synergy with rapamycin in a mouse model of breast cancer.
title_sort	effect of a ketogenic diet and synergy with rapamycin in a mouse model of breast cancer.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/7d4d44886e0648df925d46603a108c9d
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The effect of a ketogenic diet and synergy with rapamycin in a mouse model of breast cancer.

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