Primary hyperoxaluria diagnosed after kidney transplantation: a case report and literature review

Abstract Background Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disease caused by disturbed glyoxylate metabolism. The disease is characterized by calcium oxalate crystal deposition in various organs, especially in the kidney. Due to the lack of current understanding of PH, ne...

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Autores principales:	Zhitao Cai, Mao Ding, Rengui Chen, Jiefu Zhu, Lian Li, Xiongfei Wu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Primary hyperoxaluria Kidney transplantation Acute rejection Needle biopsy Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology RC870-923
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7ddbff7b95704f128e57a4187847511a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7ddbff7b95704f128e57a4187847511a2021-11-28T12:41:25ZPrimary hyperoxaluria diagnosed after kidney transplantation: a case report and literature review10.1186/s12882-021-02546-01471-2369https://doaj.org/article/7ddbff7b95704f128e57a4187847511a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-021-02546-0https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2369Abstract Background Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disease caused by disturbed glyoxylate metabolism. The disease is characterized by calcium oxalate crystal deposition in various organs, especially in the kidney. Due to the lack of current understanding of PH, nearly all patients are only initially diagnosed with PH when recurrent lithiasis and progressive end-stage renal disease occur. Many cases are not diagnosed in patients until renal allograft insufficiency occurs after renal transplantation. This case report and literature review aim to emphasize the need for careful pre-transplant PH screening of patients with bilateral nephrocalcinosis or nephrolithiasis. Case presentation Renal allograft insufficiency was diagnosed as PH after kidney transplantation. Here, we detail the complete clinical course, including computed tomography images of the original kidney and renal graft, histopathological images of a biopsy of the transplanted kidney, the results of laboratory and molecular genetic tests, and the treatment. In addition, we reviewed the literature from 2000 to 2021 and analyzed 19 reported cases of PH diagnosed after kidney transplantation, and provide a summary of the characteristics, complications, treatment, and prognosis of these cases. Conclusions By reviewing and analyzing these cases, we concluded that patients with a history of nephrocalcinosis or nephrolithiasis in both kidneys need preoperative screening for PH and appropriate treatment before kidney transplantation. Delayed graft function caused by PH is easily misdiagnosed as acute rejection, and needle biopsy should be performed at an early stage.Zhitao CaiMao DingRengui ChenJiefu ZhuLian LiXiongfei WuBMCarticlePrimary hyperoxaluriaKidney transplantationAcute rejectionNeedle biopsyDiseases of the genitourinary system. UrologyRC870-923ENBMC Nephrology, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Primary hyperoxaluria Kidney transplantation Acute rejection Needle biopsy Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology RC870-923
spellingShingle	Primary hyperoxaluria Kidney transplantation Acute rejection Needle biopsy Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology RC870-923 Zhitao Cai Mao Ding Rengui Chen Jiefu Zhu Lian Li Xiongfei Wu Primary hyperoxaluria diagnosed after kidney transplantation: a case report and literature review
description	Abstract Background Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disease caused by disturbed glyoxylate metabolism. The disease is characterized by calcium oxalate crystal deposition in various organs, especially in the kidney. Due to the lack of current understanding of PH, nearly all patients are only initially diagnosed with PH when recurrent lithiasis and progressive end-stage renal disease occur. Many cases are not diagnosed in patients until renal allograft insufficiency occurs after renal transplantation. This case report and literature review aim to emphasize the need for careful pre-transplant PH screening of patients with bilateral nephrocalcinosis or nephrolithiasis. Case presentation Renal allograft insufficiency was diagnosed as PH after kidney transplantation. Here, we detail the complete clinical course, including computed tomography images of the original kidney and renal graft, histopathological images of a biopsy of the transplanted kidney, the results of laboratory and molecular genetic tests, and the treatment. In addition, we reviewed the literature from 2000 to 2021 and analyzed 19 reported cases of PH diagnosed after kidney transplantation, and provide a summary of the characteristics, complications, treatment, and prognosis of these cases. Conclusions By reviewing and analyzing these cases, we concluded that patients with a history of nephrocalcinosis or nephrolithiasis in both kidneys need preoperative screening for PH and appropriate treatment before kidney transplantation. Delayed graft function caused by PH is easily misdiagnosed as acute rejection, and needle biopsy should be performed at an early stage.
format	article
author	Zhitao Cai Mao Ding Rengui Chen Jiefu Zhu Lian Li Xiongfei Wu
author_facet	Zhitao Cai Mao Ding Rengui Chen Jiefu Zhu Lian Li Xiongfei Wu
author_sort	Zhitao Cai
title	Primary hyperoxaluria diagnosed after kidney transplantation: a case report and literature review
title_short	Primary hyperoxaluria diagnosed after kidney transplantation: a case report and literature review
title_full	Primary hyperoxaluria diagnosed after kidney transplantation: a case report and literature review
title_fullStr	Primary hyperoxaluria diagnosed after kidney transplantation: a case report and literature review
title_full_unstemmed	Primary hyperoxaluria diagnosed after kidney transplantation: a case report and literature review
title_sort	primary hyperoxaluria diagnosed after kidney transplantation: a case report and literature review
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7ddbff7b95704f128e57a4187847511a
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Primary hyperoxaluria diagnosed after kidney transplantation: a case report and literature review

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