The Smart Meter Challenge: Feasibility of Autonomous Indoor IoT Devices Depending on Its Energy Harvesting Source and IoT Wireless Technology

Most smart meters are connected and powered by the electric mains, requiring the service interruption and qualified personnel for their installation. Wireless technologies and energy harvesting techniques have been proved as alternatives for communications and power supply, respectively. In this wor...

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Autores principales:	Edgar Saavedra, Laura Mascaraque, Gonzalo Calderon, Guillermo del Campo, Asuncion Santamaria
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	smart meter Internet of Things energy harvesting energy efficiency LPWAN Sigfox Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7dff1a6aa1724eb9a0315b103e9b22af
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7dff1a6aa1724eb9a0315b103e9b22af2021-11-25T18:56:23ZThe Smart Meter Challenge: Feasibility of Autonomous Indoor IoT Devices Depending on Its Energy Harvesting Source and IoT Wireless Technology10.3390/s212274331424-8220https://doaj.org/article/7dff1a6aa1724eb9a0315b103e9b22af2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/22/7433https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220Most smart meters are connected and powered by the electric mains, requiring the service interruption and qualified personnel for their installation. Wireless technologies and energy harvesting techniques have been proved as alternatives for communications and power supply, respectively. In this work, we analyse the energy consumption of the most used IoT wireless technologies nowadays: Sigfox, LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, Wi-Fi, BLE. Smart meters’ energy consumption accounts for metering, standby and communication processes. Experimental measurements show that communication consumption may vary upon the specific characteristics of each wireless communication technology—payload, connection establishment, transmission time. Results show that the selection of a specific technology will depend on the application requirements (message payload, metering period) and location constraints (communication range, infrastructure availability). Besides, we compare the performance of the most suitable energy harvesting (EH) techniques for smart meters: photovoltaic (PV), radiofrequency (RF) and magnetic induction (MIEH). Thus, EH technique selection will depend on the availability of each source at the smart meter’s location. The most appropriate combination of IoT wireless technology and EH technique must be selected accordingly to the very use case requirements and constraints.Edgar SaavedraLaura MascaraqueGonzalo CalderonGuillermo del CampoAsuncion SantamariaMDPI AGarticlesmart meterInternet of Thingsenergy harvestingenergy efficiencyLPWANSigfoxChemical technologyTP1-1185ENSensors, Vol 21, Iss 7433, p 7433 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	smart meter Internet of Things energy harvesting energy efficiency LPWAN Sigfox Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	smart meter Internet of Things energy harvesting energy efficiency LPWAN Sigfox Chemical technology TP1-1185 Edgar Saavedra Laura Mascaraque Gonzalo Calderon Guillermo del Campo Asuncion Santamaria The Smart Meter Challenge: Feasibility of Autonomous Indoor IoT Devices Depending on Its Energy Harvesting Source and IoT Wireless Technology
description	Most smart meters are connected and powered by the electric mains, requiring the service interruption and qualified personnel for their installation. Wireless technologies and energy harvesting techniques have been proved as alternatives for communications and power supply, respectively. In this work, we analyse the energy consumption of the most used IoT wireless technologies nowadays: Sigfox, LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, Wi-Fi, BLE. Smart meters’ energy consumption accounts for metering, standby and communication processes. Experimental measurements show that communication consumption may vary upon the specific characteristics of each wireless communication technology—payload, connection establishment, transmission time. Results show that the selection of a specific technology will depend on the application requirements (message payload, metering period) and location constraints (communication range, infrastructure availability). Besides, we compare the performance of the most suitable energy harvesting (EH) techniques for smart meters: photovoltaic (PV), radiofrequency (RF) and magnetic induction (MIEH). Thus, EH technique selection will depend on the availability of each source at the smart meter’s location. The most appropriate combination of IoT wireless technology and EH technique must be selected accordingly to the very use case requirements and constraints.
format	article
author	Edgar Saavedra Laura Mascaraque Gonzalo Calderon Guillermo del Campo Asuncion Santamaria
author_facet	Edgar Saavedra Laura Mascaraque Gonzalo Calderon Guillermo del Campo Asuncion Santamaria
author_sort	Edgar Saavedra
title	The Smart Meter Challenge: Feasibility of Autonomous Indoor IoT Devices Depending on Its Energy Harvesting Source and IoT Wireless Technology
title_short	The Smart Meter Challenge: Feasibility of Autonomous Indoor IoT Devices Depending on Its Energy Harvesting Source and IoT Wireless Technology
title_full	The Smart Meter Challenge: Feasibility of Autonomous Indoor IoT Devices Depending on Its Energy Harvesting Source and IoT Wireless Technology
title_fullStr	The Smart Meter Challenge: Feasibility of Autonomous Indoor IoT Devices Depending on Its Energy Harvesting Source and IoT Wireless Technology
title_full_unstemmed	The Smart Meter Challenge: Feasibility of Autonomous Indoor IoT Devices Depending on Its Energy Harvesting Source and IoT Wireless Technology
title_sort	smart meter challenge: feasibility of autonomous indoor iot devices depending on its energy harvesting source and iot wireless technology
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7dff1a6aa1724eb9a0315b103e9b22af
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The Smart Meter Challenge: Feasibility of Autonomous Indoor IoT Devices Depending on Its Energy Harvesting Source and IoT Wireless Technology

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