Spatial subsidies drive sweet spots of tropical marine biomass production

Spatial subsidies increase local productivity and boost consumer abundance beyond the limits imposed by local resources. In marine ecosystems, deeper water and open ocean subsidies promote animal aggregations and enhance biomass that is critical for human harvesting. However, the scale of this pheno...

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Autores principales:	Renato A. Morais, Alexandre C. Siqueira, Patrick F. Smallhorn-West, David R. Bellwood
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7e007887383e4f1e8e1b7984b9bc407e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7e007887383e4f1e8e1b7984b9bc407e2021-11-11T05:35:38ZSpatial subsidies drive sweet spots of tropical marine biomass production1544-91731545-7885https://doaj.org/article/7e007887383e4f1e8e1b7984b9bc407e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8562822/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885Spatial subsidies increase local productivity and boost consumer abundance beyond the limits imposed by local resources. In marine ecosystems, deeper water and open ocean subsidies promote animal aggregations and enhance biomass that is critical for human harvesting. However, the scale of this phenomenon in tropical marine systems remains unknown. Here, we integrate a detailed assessment of biomass production in 3 key locations, spanning a major biodiversity and abundance gradient, with an ocean-scale dataset of fish counts to predict the extent and magnitude of plankton subsidies to fishes on coral reefs. We show that planktivorous fish-mediated spatial subsidies are widespread across the Indian and Pacific oceans and drive local spikes in biomass production that can lead to extreme productivity, up to 30 kg ha−1 day−1. Plankton subsidies form the basis of productivity “sweet spots” where planktivores provide more than 50% of the total fish production, more than all other trophic groups combined. These sweet spots operate at regional, site, and smaller local scales. By harvesting oceanic productivity, planktivores bypass spatial constraints imposed by local primary productivity, creating “oases” of tropical fish biomass that are accessible to humans. How do tropical oceans sustain high productivity and intense coastal fisheries despite occurring in nutrient-poor oceans? This study shows that spatial subsidies dramatically increase local coral reef productivity across the globe, producing localized ‘sweet-spots’ of concentrated, exceptionally high productivity.Renato A. MoraisAlexandre C. SiqueiraPatrick F. Smallhorn-WestDavid R. BellwoodPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Biology, Vol 19, Iss 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Renato A. Morais Alexandre C. Siqueira Patrick F. Smallhorn-West David R. Bellwood Spatial subsidies drive sweet spots of tropical marine biomass production
description	Spatial subsidies increase local productivity and boost consumer abundance beyond the limits imposed by local resources. In marine ecosystems, deeper water and open ocean subsidies promote animal aggregations and enhance biomass that is critical for human harvesting. However, the scale of this phenomenon in tropical marine systems remains unknown. Here, we integrate a detailed assessment of biomass production in 3 key locations, spanning a major biodiversity and abundance gradient, with an ocean-scale dataset of fish counts to predict the extent and magnitude of plankton subsidies to fishes on coral reefs. We show that planktivorous fish-mediated spatial subsidies are widespread across the Indian and Pacific oceans and drive local spikes in biomass production that can lead to extreme productivity, up to 30 kg ha−1 day−1. Plankton subsidies form the basis of productivity “sweet spots” where planktivores provide more than 50% of the total fish production, more than all other trophic groups combined. These sweet spots operate at regional, site, and smaller local scales. By harvesting oceanic productivity, planktivores bypass spatial constraints imposed by local primary productivity, creating “oases” of tropical fish biomass that are accessible to humans. How do tropical oceans sustain high productivity and intense coastal fisheries despite occurring in nutrient-poor oceans? This study shows that spatial subsidies dramatically increase local coral reef productivity across the globe, producing localized ‘sweet-spots’ of concentrated, exceptionally high productivity.
format	article
author	Renato A. Morais Alexandre C. Siqueira Patrick F. Smallhorn-West David R. Bellwood
author_facet	Renato A. Morais Alexandre C. Siqueira Patrick F. Smallhorn-West David R. Bellwood
author_sort	Renato A. Morais
title	Spatial subsidies drive sweet spots of tropical marine biomass production
title_short	Spatial subsidies drive sweet spots of tropical marine biomass production
title_full	Spatial subsidies drive sweet spots of tropical marine biomass production
title_fullStr	Spatial subsidies drive sweet spots of tropical marine biomass production
title_full_unstemmed	Spatial subsidies drive sweet spots of tropical marine biomass production
title_sort	spatial subsidies drive sweet spots of tropical marine biomass production
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7e007887383e4f1e8e1b7984b9bc407e
work_keys_str_mv	AT renatoamorais spatialsubsidiesdrivesweetspotsoftropicalmarinebiomassproduction AT alexandrecsiqueira spatialsubsidiesdrivesweetspotsoftropicalmarinebiomassproduction AT patrickfsmallhornwest spatialsubsidiesdrivesweetspotsoftropicalmarinebiomassproduction AT davidrbellwood spatialsubsidiesdrivesweetspotsoftropicalmarinebiomassproduction
_version_	1718439506934235136

Spatial subsidies drive sweet spots of tropical marine biomass production

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