Theobromine inhibits uric acid crystallization. A potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.

<h4>Purpose</h4>To assess the capacity of methylxanthines (caffeine, theophylline, theobromine and paraxanthine) to inhibit uric acid crystallization, and to evaluate their potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>The a...

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Autores principales:	Felix Grases, Adrian Rodriguez, Antonia Costa-Bauza
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7e4f04da4ff449d790ad2e09b97f143f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7e4f04da4ff449d790ad2e09b97f143f2021-11-25T05:55:47ZTheobromine inhibits uric acid crystallization. A potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0111184https://doaj.org/article/7e4f04da4ff449d790ad2e09b97f143f2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111184https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Purpose</h4>To assess the capacity of methylxanthines (caffeine, theophylline, theobromine and paraxanthine) to inhibit uric acid crystallization, and to evaluate their potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>The ability of methylxathines to inhibit uric acid nucleation was assayed turbidimetrically. Crystal morphology and its modification due to the effect of theobromine were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ability of theobromine to inhibit uric acid crystal growth on calculi fragments resulting from extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) was evaluated using a flow system.<h4>Results</h4>The turbidimetric assay showed that among the studied methylxanthines, theobromine could markedly inhibit uric acid nucleation. SEM images showed that the presence of theobromine resulted in thinner uric acid crystals. Furthermore, in a flow system theobromine blocked the regrowth of post-ESWL uric acid calculi fragments.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Theobromine, a natural dimethylxanthine present in high amounts in cocoa, acts as an inhibitor of nucleation and crystal growth of uric acid. Therefore, theobromine may be clinically useful in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.Felix GrasesAdrian RodriguezAntonia Costa-BauzaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 10, p e111184 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Felix Grases Adrian Rodriguez Antonia Costa-Bauza Theobromine inhibits uric acid crystallization. A potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.
description	<h4>Purpose</h4>To assess the capacity of methylxanthines (caffeine, theophylline, theobromine and paraxanthine) to inhibit uric acid crystallization, and to evaluate their potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>The ability of methylxathines to inhibit uric acid nucleation was assayed turbidimetrically. Crystal morphology and its modification due to the effect of theobromine were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ability of theobromine to inhibit uric acid crystal growth on calculi fragments resulting from extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) was evaluated using a flow system.<h4>Results</h4>The turbidimetric assay showed that among the studied methylxanthines, theobromine could markedly inhibit uric acid nucleation. SEM images showed that the presence of theobromine resulted in thinner uric acid crystals. Furthermore, in a flow system theobromine blocked the regrowth of post-ESWL uric acid calculi fragments.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Theobromine, a natural dimethylxanthine present in high amounts in cocoa, acts as an inhibitor of nucleation and crystal growth of uric acid. Therefore, theobromine may be clinically useful in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.
format	article
author	Felix Grases Adrian Rodriguez Antonia Costa-Bauza
author_facet	Felix Grases Adrian Rodriguez Antonia Costa-Bauza
author_sort	Felix Grases
title	Theobromine inhibits uric acid crystallization. A potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.
title_short	Theobromine inhibits uric acid crystallization. A potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.
title_full	Theobromine inhibits uric acid crystallization. A potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.
title_fullStr	Theobromine inhibits uric acid crystallization. A potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.
title_full_unstemmed	Theobromine inhibits uric acid crystallization. A potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.
title_sort	theobromine inhibits uric acid crystallization. a potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/7e4f04da4ff449d790ad2e09b97f143f
work_keys_str_mv	AT felixgrases theobromineinhibitsuricacidcrystallizationapotentialapplicationinthetreatmentofuricacidnephrolithiasis AT adrianrodriguez theobromineinhibitsuricacidcrystallizationapotentialapplicationinthetreatmentofuricacidnephrolithiasis AT antoniacostabauza theobromineinhibitsuricacidcrystallizationapotentialapplicationinthetreatmentofuricacidnephrolithiasis
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Theobromine inhibits uric acid crystallization. A potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis.

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