Two Benzene Rings with a Boron Atom Comprise the Core Structure of 2-APB Responsible for the Anti-Oxidative and Protective Effect on the Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Rat Heart Injury

To identify the core structure of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) responsible for the anti-oxidative and protective effect on the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced heart injury, various 2-APB analogues were analyzed, and several antioxidant assays were performed. Cell viability was determined...

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Autores principales:	Yan-Cheng Shen, Yan-Jhih Shen, Wen-Sen Lee, Michael Yu-Chih Chen, Wei-Chia Tu, Kun-Ta Yang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	reactive oxygen species myocardial infarction ischemia/reperfusion boron antioxidant cardioprotection Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7e5a83f0f37d41ac9fb1bce0a08d5096
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7e5a83f0f37d41ac9fb1bce0a08d50962021-11-25T16:25:40ZTwo Benzene Rings with a Boron Atom Comprise the Core Structure of 2-APB Responsible for the Anti-Oxidative and Protective Effect on the Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Rat Heart Injury10.3390/antiox101116672076-3921https://doaj.org/article/7e5a83f0f37d41ac9fb1bce0a08d50962021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/11/1667https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3921To identify the core structure of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) responsible for the anti-oxidative and protective effect on the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced heart injury, various 2-APB analogues were analyzed, and several antioxidant assays were performed. Cell viability was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Myocardial infarct size was quantified using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and cleaved-caspase-3 protein were evaluated as an indicator for the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effect, respectively. Our data show that 2-APB, diphenylborinic anhydride (DPBA) and 3-(diphenylphosphino)-1-propylamine (DP3A) all exerted the anti-oxidative activity, but only 2-APB and DPBA can scavenge H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. 2-APB and DPBA can potently inhibit hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)- and hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase (HX/XOD)-induced increases in intracellular H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and H9c2 cell death. 2-APB and DPBA were able to decrease the I/R-induced adult rat cardiomyocytes death, myocardial infarct size, and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB). Our results suggest that the two benzene rings with a boron atom comprise the core structure of 2-APB responsible for the anti-oxidative effect mediated through the reaction with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and generation of phenolic compounds, which in turn reduced the I/R-induced oxidative stress and injury in the rat heart.Yan-Cheng ShenYan-Jhih ShenWen-Sen LeeMichael Yu-Chih ChenWei-Chia TuKun-Ta YangMDPI AGarticlereactive oxygen speciesmyocardial infarctionischemia/reperfusionboronantioxidantcardioprotectionTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntioxidants, Vol 10, Iss 1667, p 1667 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	reactive oxygen species myocardial infarction ischemia/reperfusion boron antioxidant cardioprotection Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	reactive oxygen species myocardial infarction ischemia/reperfusion boron antioxidant cardioprotection Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Yan-Cheng Shen Yan-Jhih Shen Wen-Sen Lee Michael Yu-Chih Chen Wei-Chia Tu Kun-Ta Yang Two Benzene Rings with a Boron Atom Comprise the Core Structure of 2-APB Responsible for the Anti-Oxidative and Protective Effect on the Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Rat Heart Injury
description	To identify the core structure of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) responsible for the anti-oxidative and protective effect on the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced heart injury, various 2-APB analogues were analyzed, and several antioxidant assays were performed. Cell viability was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Myocardial infarct size was quantified using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and cleaved-caspase-3 protein were evaluated as an indicator for the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effect, respectively. Our data show that 2-APB, diphenylborinic anhydride (DPBA) and 3-(diphenylphosphino)-1-propylamine (DP3A) all exerted the anti-oxidative activity, but only 2-APB and DPBA can scavenge H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. 2-APB and DPBA can potently inhibit hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)- and hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase (HX/XOD)-induced increases in intracellular H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and H9c2 cell death. 2-APB and DPBA were able to decrease the I/R-induced adult rat cardiomyocytes death, myocardial infarct size, and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB). Our results suggest that the two benzene rings with a boron atom comprise the core structure of 2-APB responsible for the anti-oxidative effect mediated through the reaction with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and generation of phenolic compounds, which in turn reduced the I/R-induced oxidative stress and injury in the rat heart.
format	article
author	Yan-Cheng Shen Yan-Jhih Shen Wen-Sen Lee Michael Yu-Chih Chen Wei-Chia Tu Kun-Ta Yang
author_facet	Yan-Cheng Shen Yan-Jhih Shen Wen-Sen Lee Michael Yu-Chih Chen Wei-Chia Tu Kun-Ta Yang
author_sort	Yan-Cheng Shen
title	Two Benzene Rings with a Boron Atom Comprise the Core Structure of 2-APB Responsible for the Anti-Oxidative and Protective Effect on the Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Rat Heart Injury
title_short	Two Benzene Rings with a Boron Atom Comprise the Core Structure of 2-APB Responsible for the Anti-Oxidative and Protective Effect on the Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Rat Heart Injury
title_full	Two Benzene Rings with a Boron Atom Comprise the Core Structure of 2-APB Responsible for the Anti-Oxidative and Protective Effect on the Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Rat Heart Injury
title_fullStr	Two Benzene Rings with a Boron Atom Comprise the Core Structure of 2-APB Responsible for the Anti-Oxidative and Protective Effect on the Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Rat Heart Injury
title_full_unstemmed	Two Benzene Rings with a Boron Atom Comprise the Core Structure of 2-APB Responsible for the Anti-Oxidative and Protective Effect on the Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Rat Heart Injury
title_sort	two benzene rings with a boron atom comprise the core structure of 2-apb responsible for the anti-oxidative and protective effect on the ischemia/reperfusion-induced rat heart injury
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7e5a83f0f37d41ac9fb1bce0a08d5096
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Two Benzene Rings with a Boron Atom Comprise the Core Structure of 2-APB Responsible for the Anti-Oxidative and Protective Effect on the Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Rat Heart Injury

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