Rats sniff out pulmonary tuberculosis from sputum: a diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis

Abstract In Sub-Saharan Africa, African giant pouched rats (Cricetomys gambianus) are trained to identify TB patients by smelling sputum. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the data to see if this novel method is comparable to traditional laboratory screening and detection methods...

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Autores principales:	Reem Kanaan, Nelli Farkas, Péter Hegyi, Alexandra Soós, Dávid Hegyi, Katalin Németh, Orsolya Horváth, Judit Tenk, Alexandra Mikó, Andrea Szentesi, Márta Balaskó, Zsolt Szakács, Andrea Vasas, Dezső Csupor, Zoltán Gyöngyi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7e5e60afbd744c83bf2f64eaa608db50
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7e5e60afbd744c83bf2f64eaa608db502021-12-02T14:07:47ZRats sniff out pulmonary tuberculosis from sputum: a diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis10.1038/s41598-021-81086-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/7e5e60afbd744c83bf2f64eaa608db502021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81086-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract In Sub-Saharan Africa, African giant pouched rats (Cricetomys gambianus) are trained to identify TB patients by smelling sputum. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the data to see if this novel method is comparable to traditional laboratory screening and detection methods like Ziehl–Neelsen stain-based assays (ZN) and bacterial culture. The search and data processing strategy is registered at PROSPERO (CRD42019123629). Medline via PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for the keywords “pouched rat” and “tuberculosis”. Data from 53,181 samples obtained from 24,600 patients were extracted from seven studies. Using sample-wise detection, the sensitivity of the studies was 86.7% [95% CI 80.4–91.2%], while the specificity was 88.4% [95% CI 79.7–93.7%]. For patient-wise detection, the sensitivity was 81.3% [95% CI 64.0–91.4%], while the specificity was 73.4% [95% CI 62.8–81.9%]. Good and excellent classification was assessed by hierarchical summary receiver-operating characteristic analysis for patient-wise and sample-wise detections, respectively. Our study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the above relatively inexpensive and rapid screening method. The results indicate that African giant pouched rats can discriminate healthy controls from TB individuals by sniffing sputum with even a higher accuracy than a single ZN screening.Reem KanaanNelli FarkasPéter HegyiAlexandra SoósDávid HegyiKatalin NémethOrsolya HorváthJudit TenkAlexandra MikóAndrea SzentesiMárta BalaskóZsolt SzakácsAndrea VasasDezső CsuporZoltán GyöngyiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Reem Kanaan Nelli Farkas Péter Hegyi Alexandra Soós Dávid Hegyi Katalin Németh Orsolya Horváth Judit Tenk Alexandra Mikó Andrea Szentesi Márta Balaskó Zsolt Szakács Andrea Vasas Dezső Csupor Zoltán Gyöngyi Rats sniff out pulmonary tuberculosis from sputum: a diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis
description	Abstract In Sub-Saharan Africa, African giant pouched rats (Cricetomys gambianus) are trained to identify TB patients by smelling sputum. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the data to see if this novel method is comparable to traditional laboratory screening and detection methods like Ziehl–Neelsen stain-based assays (ZN) and bacterial culture. The search and data processing strategy is registered at PROSPERO (CRD42019123629). Medline via PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for the keywords “pouched rat” and “tuberculosis”. Data from 53,181 samples obtained from 24,600 patients were extracted from seven studies. Using sample-wise detection, the sensitivity of the studies was 86.7% [95% CI 80.4–91.2%], while the specificity was 88.4% [95% CI 79.7–93.7%]. For patient-wise detection, the sensitivity was 81.3% [95% CI 64.0–91.4%], while the specificity was 73.4% [95% CI 62.8–81.9%]. Good and excellent classification was assessed by hierarchical summary receiver-operating characteristic analysis for patient-wise and sample-wise detections, respectively. Our study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the above relatively inexpensive and rapid screening method. The results indicate that African giant pouched rats can discriminate healthy controls from TB individuals by sniffing sputum with even a higher accuracy than a single ZN screening.
format	article
author	Reem Kanaan Nelli Farkas Péter Hegyi Alexandra Soós Dávid Hegyi Katalin Németh Orsolya Horváth Judit Tenk Alexandra Mikó Andrea Szentesi Márta Balaskó Zsolt Szakács Andrea Vasas Dezső Csupor Zoltán Gyöngyi
author_facet	Reem Kanaan Nelli Farkas Péter Hegyi Alexandra Soós Dávid Hegyi Katalin Németh Orsolya Horváth Judit Tenk Alexandra Mikó Andrea Szentesi Márta Balaskó Zsolt Szakács Andrea Vasas Dezső Csupor Zoltán Gyöngyi
author_sort	Reem Kanaan
title	Rats sniff out pulmonary tuberculosis from sputum: a diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis
title_short	Rats sniff out pulmonary tuberculosis from sputum: a diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis
title_full	Rats sniff out pulmonary tuberculosis from sputum: a diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis
title_fullStr	Rats sniff out pulmonary tuberculosis from sputum: a diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Rats sniff out pulmonary tuberculosis from sputum: a diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis
title_sort	rats sniff out pulmonary tuberculosis from sputum: a diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7e5e60afbd744c83bf2f64eaa608db50
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Rats sniff out pulmonary tuberculosis from sputum: a diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis

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