Antioxidant and antibacterial insights into the leaves, leaf tea and medicinal roots from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.

Abstract Used as traditional Chinese medicine, Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. (A. membranaceus) roots are also used as tonic food material in a wide range of applications, while the leaves are left in the field, unused. Therefore, comprehensively exploring and utilizing the leaves will inevit...

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Autores principales:	Anim Okyere Samuel, Bao-Ting Huang, Yuan Chen, Feng-Xia Guo, Dou-Dou Yang, Jian-Qin Jin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7e710cc0a5ea4737be31030837f2b49b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7e710cc0a5ea4737be31030837f2b49b2021-12-02T19:16:18ZAntioxidant and antibacterial insights into the leaves, leaf tea and medicinal roots from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.10.1038/s41598-021-97109-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/7e710cc0a5ea4737be31030837f2b49b2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97109-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Used as traditional Chinese medicine, Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. (A. membranaceus) roots are also used as tonic food material in a wide range of applications, while the leaves are left in the field, unused. Therefore, comprehensively exploring and utilizing the leaves will inevitably reduce the associated resource waste and environment pollution. In this study, the plant leaves were processed into tea using green tea processing technology. Bioactive components, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the Leaf Tea (LT) and Dry Leaves (DL) were studied, and compared to that of the Dry Roots (DR). The results showed that the polysaccharides content (POL) in the DR (20.44%) was twice as high as the DL (10.18%) and LT (8.68%). However, the DL contained 36.85% more water-soluble extracts (WSE), 35.09% more ethanol-soluble extracts (ESE), 409.63% more total flavonoid content (TFC), 221.01% more total phenolic content (TPC) and 94.34% more proteins, and the LT contained 26.21% more WSE, 40.64% more ESE, 326.93% more TFC, 191.90% more TPC and 37.71% more proteins. The total amino acid (AA) content in the DR was 8.89%, while in that of the DL and LT were 24.18% and 28.96% respectively, nearly 3-times higher than that of the DR. The antioxidant activity of DR was much lower than those of DL and LT, both of which had antioxidant activity closer to that of Vitamin C (VC) and the antioxidant activities were even stronger when the optimal concentration was reached. Except for Aspergillus niger and Staphylococcus aureus, the DL and DR exhibited inhibition activities to Salmonella, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and yeast, while the LT had antimicrobial activities against all the strains except for A. niger. In summary, compared with the most commonly used DR, the DL and LT from A. membranaceus contained higher bioactive components, and stronger antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Producing leaf tea may be an appropriate way to economically and reasonably utilize the plant leaves which are by-products.Anim Okyere SamuelBao-Ting HuangYuan ChenFeng-Xia GuoDou-Dou YangJian-Qin JinNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Anim Okyere Samuel Bao-Ting Huang Yuan Chen Feng-Xia Guo Dou-Dou Yang Jian-Qin Jin Antioxidant and antibacterial insights into the leaves, leaf tea and medicinal roots from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.
description	Abstract Used as traditional Chinese medicine, Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. (A. membranaceus) roots are also used as tonic food material in a wide range of applications, while the leaves are left in the field, unused. Therefore, comprehensively exploring and utilizing the leaves will inevitably reduce the associated resource waste and environment pollution. In this study, the plant leaves were processed into tea using green tea processing technology. Bioactive components, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the Leaf Tea (LT) and Dry Leaves (DL) were studied, and compared to that of the Dry Roots (DR). The results showed that the polysaccharides content (POL) in the DR (20.44%) was twice as high as the DL (10.18%) and LT (8.68%). However, the DL contained 36.85% more water-soluble extracts (WSE), 35.09% more ethanol-soluble extracts (ESE), 409.63% more total flavonoid content (TFC), 221.01% more total phenolic content (TPC) and 94.34% more proteins, and the LT contained 26.21% more WSE, 40.64% more ESE, 326.93% more TFC, 191.90% more TPC and 37.71% more proteins. The total amino acid (AA) content in the DR was 8.89%, while in that of the DL and LT were 24.18% and 28.96% respectively, nearly 3-times higher than that of the DR. The antioxidant activity of DR was much lower than those of DL and LT, both of which had antioxidant activity closer to that of Vitamin C (VC) and the antioxidant activities were even stronger when the optimal concentration was reached. Except for Aspergillus niger and Staphylococcus aureus, the DL and DR exhibited inhibition activities to Salmonella, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and yeast, while the LT had antimicrobial activities against all the strains except for A. niger. In summary, compared with the most commonly used DR, the DL and LT from A. membranaceus contained higher bioactive components, and stronger antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Producing leaf tea may be an appropriate way to economically and reasonably utilize the plant leaves which are by-products.
format	article
author	Anim Okyere Samuel Bao-Ting Huang Yuan Chen Feng-Xia Guo Dou-Dou Yang Jian-Qin Jin
author_facet	Anim Okyere Samuel Bao-Ting Huang Yuan Chen Feng-Xia Guo Dou-Dou Yang Jian-Qin Jin
author_sort	Anim Okyere Samuel
title	Antioxidant and antibacterial insights into the leaves, leaf tea and medicinal roots from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.
title_short	Antioxidant and antibacterial insights into the leaves, leaf tea and medicinal roots from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.
title_full	Antioxidant and antibacterial insights into the leaves, leaf tea and medicinal roots from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.
title_fullStr	Antioxidant and antibacterial insights into the leaves, leaf tea and medicinal roots from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.
title_full_unstemmed	Antioxidant and antibacterial insights into the leaves, leaf tea and medicinal roots from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.
title_sort	antioxidant and antibacterial insights into the leaves, leaf tea and medicinal roots from astragalus membranaceus (fisch.) bge.
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7e710cc0a5ea4737be31030837f2b49b
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Antioxidant and antibacterial insights into the leaves, leaf tea and medicinal roots from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.

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