Systematic Literature Review of the Effect of Layered Double Hydroxides on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have attracted interest as reinforcing fillers in elastomers due to their ease of synthesis and customisability. A systematic review was performed on the effect of LDHs on the mechanical properties of elastomers using the Scopus database. Of the 61 articles relevant...

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Autores principales:	Louise van Tonder, Frederick Johannes Willem Jacobus Labuschagné
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	layered double hydroxide layered nanoclay elastomer mechanical properties composites Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7e79b7b7742442c5828d46382387e608
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7e79b7b7742442c5828d46382387e6082021-11-11T18:44:48ZSystematic Literature Review of the Effect of Layered Double Hydroxides on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber10.3390/polym132137162073-4360https://doaj.org/article/7e79b7b7742442c5828d46382387e6082021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/21/3716https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have attracted interest as reinforcing fillers in elastomers due to their ease of synthesis and customisability. A systematic review was performed on the effect of LDHs on the mechanical properties of elastomers using the Scopus database. Of the 61 articles relevant to the search criteria, the majority were published on polyurethane (PU) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). Mg-Al LDH was used in most of the studies and Zn-Al LDH was used second most common. LDH can act as a reinforcing filler, typically increasing tensile strength even at low concentrations, so it could be used as an alternative to traditional reinforcing fillers for elastomers. LDH can also be made a functional filler by selecting the right metals and interlayer anions. It was found that Mg-Al LDH and Zn-Al LDH can both participate in crosslinking reactions and can replace MgO and ZnO, respectively. Less Zn ions are required for crosslinking when LDH is used than when ZnO is used, making LDH more environmentally friendly. Organic modification is usually required to improve compatibility with the elastomer matrix, especially in non-polar elastomers. It enables exfoliation of the LDH and intercalation of polymer chains into the LDH interlayer to occur. Organic modifiers can also be used to functionalise the LDH. Stearic acid used in crosslinking systems can be replaced by stearate anions from stearate-modified LDH.Louise van TonderFrederick Johannes Willem Jacobus LabuschagnéMDPI AGarticlelayered double hydroxidelayered nanoclayelastomermechanical propertiescompositesOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3716, p 3716 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	layered double hydroxide layered nanoclay elastomer mechanical properties composites Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	layered double hydroxide layered nanoclay elastomer mechanical properties composites Organic chemistry QD241-441 Louise van Tonder Frederick Johannes Willem Jacobus Labuschagné Systematic Literature Review of the Effect of Layered Double Hydroxides on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber
description	Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have attracted interest as reinforcing fillers in elastomers due to their ease of synthesis and customisability. A systematic review was performed on the effect of LDHs on the mechanical properties of elastomers using the Scopus database. Of the 61 articles relevant to the search criteria, the majority were published on polyurethane (PU) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). Mg-Al LDH was used in most of the studies and Zn-Al LDH was used second most common. LDH can act as a reinforcing filler, typically increasing tensile strength even at low concentrations, so it could be used as an alternative to traditional reinforcing fillers for elastomers. LDH can also be made a functional filler by selecting the right metals and interlayer anions. It was found that Mg-Al LDH and Zn-Al LDH can both participate in crosslinking reactions and can replace MgO and ZnO, respectively. Less Zn ions are required for crosslinking when LDH is used than when ZnO is used, making LDH more environmentally friendly. Organic modification is usually required to improve compatibility with the elastomer matrix, especially in non-polar elastomers. It enables exfoliation of the LDH and intercalation of polymer chains into the LDH interlayer to occur. Organic modifiers can also be used to functionalise the LDH. Stearic acid used in crosslinking systems can be replaced by stearate anions from stearate-modified LDH.
format	article
author	Louise van Tonder Frederick Johannes Willem Jacobus Labuschagné
author_facet	Louise van Tonder Frederick Johannes Willem Jacobus Labuschagné
author_sort	Louise van Tonder
title	Systematic Literature Review of the Effect of Layered Double Hydroxides on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber
title_short	Systematic Literature Review of the Effect of Layered Double Hydroxides on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber
title_full	Systematic Literature Review of the Effect of Layered Double Hydroxides on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber
title_fullStr	Systematic Literature Review of the Effect of Layered Double Hydroxides on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber
title_full_unstemmed	Systematic Literature Review of the Effect of Layered Double Hydroxides on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber
title_sort	systematic literature review of the effect of layered double hydroxides on the mechanical properties of rubber
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7e79b7b7742442c5828d46382387e608
work_keys_str_mv	AT louisevantonder systematicliteraturereviewoftheeffectoflayereddoublehydroxidesonthemechanicalpropertiesofrubber AT frederickjohanneswillemjacobuslabuschagne systematicliteraturereviewoftheeffectoflayereddoublehydroxidesonthemechanicalpropertiesofrubber
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Systematic Literature Review of the Effect of Layered Double Hydroxides on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber

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