Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017.

<h4>Background</h4>Non-communicable diseases (NCD) represent a major public health issue and currently cause 185.75 deaths per 100,000 population in Oman. Hence, there is a need for comprehensive, up-to-date and internationally comparable data on NCD risk factors in order to evaluate the...

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Autores principales:	Adhra Al-Mawali, Sathish Kumar Jayapal, Magdi Morsi, Waleed Al-Shekaili, Avinash Daniel Pinto, Hilal Al-Kharusi, Ayaman Al-Harrasi, Zainab Al-Balushi, John Idikula
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7e896622ac694f25a324bc565a096917
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7e896622ac694f25a324bc565a0969172021-12-02T20:13:23ZPrevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0259239https://doaj.org/article/7e896622ac694f25a324bc565a0969172021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259239https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Non-communicable diseases (NCD) represent a major public health issue and currently cause 185.75 deaths per 100,000 population in Oman. Hence, there is a need for comprehensive, up-to-date and internationally comparable data on NCD risk factors in order to evaluate the effectiveness of ongoing public health policies and to develop further NCD prevention and control interventions. The aim of the study was to provide evidence-based, up-to-date, extensive, and reliable baseline data on the behavioural and biological risk factors of NCDs in the Sultanate of Oman.<h4>Methods</h4>A cross-sectional, prospective, observational community-based survey designed to be nationally representative of the Sultanate of Oman was conducted based on the WHO STEPwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS). Multi-stage stratified random sampling according to geographical distribution selected a total of 9053 households (Omani nationals and non-Omani residents). Cluster sampling was used to randomly select equal clusters from each governorate. 823 households were randomly selected from the list of all households in all selected clusters from each governorate and one eligible adult selected from each household randomly accounting for 6582 consenting participants. The survey used demographic and behavioural information questionnaires along with physical and biochemical measurements among adults aged 18 years and above.<h4>Results</h4>The prevalence of behavioural risk factors such as tobacco use was 9%, alcohol consumption was 2%, insufficient fruit or vegetable intake was 61%, and insufficient physical activity was 39%. The prevalence of biological risk factors such as overweight and obesity was 66%, raised blood pressure was 33%, raised blood glucose was 16%, and raised blood cholesterol was 36%. The prevalence of multiple risk factors was also determined and 95% of the population were found to have more than one risk factor. Three or more risk factors were found among 33% of population aged 18 years and above and 45% of the population aged 45 years and above.<h4>Conclusion</h4>A high prevalence of various NCD risk factors was found which needs to be addressed through health promotion, education, and policy. The findings are important to support the formulation and implementation of NCD-related policies and action plans that improve health status and prevent mortality due to NCDs in Oman.Adhra Al-MawaliSathish Kumar JayapalMagdi MorsiWaleed Al-ShekailiAvinash Daniel PintoHilal Al-KharusiAyaman Al-HarrasiZainab Al-BalushiJohn IdikulaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e0259239 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Adhra Al-Mawali Sathish Kumar Jayapal Magdi Morsi Waleed Al-Shekaili Avinash Daniel Pinto Hilal Al-Kharusi Ayaman Al-Harrasi Zainab Al-Balushi John Idikula Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Non-communicable diseases (NCD) represent a major public health issue and currently cause 185.75 deaths per 100,000 population in Oman. Hence, there is a need for comprehensive, up-to-date and internationally comparable data on NCD risk factors in order to evaluate the effectiveness of ongoing public health policies and to develop further NCD prevention and control interventions. The aim of the study was to provide evidence-based, up-to-date, extensive, and reliable baseline data on the behavioural and biological risk factors of NCDs in the Sultanate of Oman.<h4>Methods</h4>A cross-sectional, prospective, observational community-based survey designed to be nationally representative of the Sultanate of Oman was conducted based on the WHO STEPwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS). Multi-stage stratified random sampling according to geographical distribution selected a total of 9053 households (Omani nationals and non-Omani residents). Cluster sampling was used to randomly select equal clusters from each governorate. 823 households were randomly selected from the list of all households in all selected clusters from each governorate and one eligible adult selected from each household randomly accounting for 6582 consenting participants. The survey used demographic and behavioural information questionnaires along with physical and biochemical measurements among adults aged 18 years and above.<h4>Results</h4>The prevalence of behavioural risk factors such as tobacco use was 9%, alcohol consumption was 2%, insufficient fruit or vegetable intake was 61%, and insufficient physical activity was 39%. The prevalence of biological risk factors such as overweight and obesity was 66%, raised blood pressure was 33%, raised blood glucose was 16%, and raised blood cholesterol was 36%. The prevalence of multiple risk factors was also determined and 95% of the population were found to have more than one risk factor. Three or more risk factors were found among 33% of population aged 18 years and above and 45% of the population aged 45 years and above.<h4>Conclusion</h4>A high prevalence of various NCD risk factors was found which needs to be addressed through health promotion, education, and policy. The findings are important to support the formulation and implementation of NCD-related policies and action plans that improve health status and prevent mortality due to NCDs in Oman.
format	article
author	Adhra Al-Mawali Sathish Kumar Jayapal Magdi Morsi Waleed Al-Shekaili Avinash Daniel Pinto Hilal Al-Kharusi Ayaman Al-Harrasi Zainab Al-Balushi John Idikula
author_facet	Adhra Al-Mawali Sathish Kumar Jayapal Magdi Morsi Waleed Al-Shekaili Avinash Daniel Pinto Hilal Al-Kharusi Ayaman Al-Harrasi Zainab Al-Balushi John Idikula
author_sort	Adhra Al-Mawali
title	Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017.
title_short	Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017.
title_full	Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017.
title_fullStr	Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017.
title_full_unstemmed	Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017.
title_sort	prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the sultanate of oman: steps survey 2017.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7e896622ac694f25a324bc565a096917
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Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017.

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