Reducing soft-tissue shrinkage artefacts caused by staining with Lugol’s solution

Abstract Diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced computed tomography (diceCT) is progressively used in clinical and morphological research to study developmental anatomy. Lugol’s solution (Lugol) has gained interest as an effective contrast agent; however, usage is limited due to extensive soft-ti...

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Autores principales:	Y. Dawood, J. Hagoort, B. A. Siadari, J. M. Ruijter, Q. D. Gunst, N. H. J. Lobe, G. J. Strijkers, B. S. de Bakker, M. J. B. van den Hoff
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7e8cf39847bd412f8fb63488025e4638
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7e8cf39847bd412f8fb63488025e46382021-12-02T17:13:17ZReducing soft-tissue shrinkage artefacts caused by staining with Lugol’s solution10.1038/s41598-021-99202-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/7e8cf39847bd412f8fb63488025e46382021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99202-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced computed tomography (diceCT) is progressively used in clinical and morphological research to study developmental anatomy. Lugol’s solution (Lugol) has gained interest as an effective contrast agent; however, usage is limited due to extensive soft-tissue shrinkage. The mechanism of Lugol-induced shrinkage and how to prevent it is largely unknown, hampering applications of Lugol in clinical or forensic cases where tissue shrinkage can lead to erroneous diagnostic conclusions. Shrinkage was suggested to be due to an osmotic imbalance between tissue and solution. Pilot experiments pointed to acidification of Lugol, but the relation of acidification and tissue shrinkage was not evaluated. In this study, we analyzed the relation between tissue shrinkage, osmolarity and acidification of the solution during staining. Changes in tissue volume were measured on 2D-segmented magnetic resonance and diceCT images using AMIRA software. Partial correlation and stepwise regression analysis showed that acidification of Lugol is the main cause of tissue shrinkage. To prevent acidification, we developed a buffered Lugol’s solution (B-Lugol) and showed that stabilizing its pH almost completely prevented shrinkage without affecting staining. Changing from Lugol to B-Lugol is a major improvement for clinical and morphological research and only requires a minor adaptation of the staining protocol.Y. DawoodJ. HagoortB. A. SiadariJ. M. RuijterQ. D. GunstN. H. J. LobeG. J. StrijkersB. S. de BakkerM. J. B. van den HoffNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Y. Dawood J. Hagoort B. A. Siadari J. M. Ruijter Q. D. Gunst N. H. J. Lobe G. J. Strijkers B. S. de Bakker M. J. B. van den Hoff Reducing soft-tissue shrinkage artefacts caused by staining with Lugol’s solution
description	Abstract Diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced computed tomography (diceCT) is progressively used in clinical and morphological research to study developmental anatomy. Lugol’s solution (Lugol) has gained interest as an effective contrast agent; however, usage is limited due to extensive soft-tissue shrinkage. The mechanism of Lugol-induced shrinkage and how to prevent it is largely unknown, hampering applications of Lugol in clinical or forensic cases where tissue shrinkage can lead to erroneous diagnostic conclusions. Shrinkage was suggested to be due to an osmotic imbalance between tissue and solution. Pilot experiments pointed to acidification of Lugol, but the relation of acidification and tissue shrinkage was not evaluated. In this study, we analyzed the relation between tissue shrinkage, osmolarity and acidification of the solution during staining. Changes in tissue volume were measured on 2D-segmented magnetic resonance and diceCT images using AMIRA software. Partial correlation and stepwise regression analysis showed that acidification of Lugol is the main cause of tissue shrinkage. To prevent acidification, we developed a buffered Lugol’s solution (B-Lugol) and showed that stabilizing its pH almost completely prevented shrinkage without affecting staining. Changing from Lugol to B-Lugol is a major improvement for clinical and morphological research and only requires a minor adaptation of the staining protocol.
format	article
author	Y. Dawood J. Hagoort B. A. Siadari J. M. Ruijter Q. D. Gunst N. H. J. Lobe G. J. Strijkers B. S. de Bakker M. J. B. van den Hoff
author_facet	Y. Dawood J. Hagoort B. A. Siadari J. M. Ruijter Q. D. Gunst N. H. J. Lobe G. J. Strijkers B. S. de Bakker M. J. B. van den Hoff
author_sort	Y. Dawood
title	Reducing soft-tissue shrinkage artefacts caused by staining with Lugol’s solution
title_short	Reducing soft-tissue shrinkage artefacts caused by staining with Lugol’s solution
title_full	Reducing soft-tissue shrinkage artefacts caused by staining with Lugol’s solution
title_fullStr	Reducing soft-tissue shrinkage artefacts caused by staining with Lugol’s solution
title_full_unstemmed	Reducing soft-tissue shrinkage artefacts caused by staining with Lugol’s solution
title_sort	reducing soft-tissue shrinkage artefacts caused by staining with lugol’s solution
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7e8cf39847bd412f8fb63488025e4638
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Reducing soft-tissue shrinkage artefacts caused by staining with Lugol’s solution

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