Coastal subsidence increases vulnerability to sea level rise over twenty first century in Cartagena, Caribbean Colombia

Abstract Cartagena is subsiding at a higher rate compared to that of global climate-driven sea level rise. We investigate the relative sea level rise (RSLR) and the influence of vertical land movements in Cartagena through the integration of different datasets, including tide gauge records, GPS geod...

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Autores principales:	Juan D. Restrepo-Ángel, Héctor Mora-Páez, Freddy Díaz, Marin Govorcin, Shimon Wdowinski, Leidy Giraldo-Londoño, Marko Tosic, Irene Fernández, Juan F. Paniagua-Arroyave, José F. Duque-Trujillo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7e8d973680b348d095f4cbf89439caa2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7e8d973680b348d095f4cbf89439caa22021-12-02T15:15:23ZCoastal subsidence increases vulnerability to sea level rise over twenty first century in Cartagena, Caribbean Colombia10.1038/s41598-021-98428-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/7e8d973680b348d095f4cbf89439caa22021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98428-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Cartagena is subsiding at a higher rate compared to that of global climate-driven sea level rise. We investigate the relative sea level rise (RSLR) and the influence of vertical land movements in Cartagena through the integration of different datasets, including tide gauge records, GPS geodetic subsidence data, and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations of vertical motions. Results reveal a long-term rate (> 60 years) of RSLR of 5.98 ± 0.01 mm/yr. The last two decades exhibited an even greater rate of RSLR of 7.02 ± 0.06 mm/yr. GPS subsidence rates range between − 5.71 ± 2.18 and − 2.85 ± 0.84 mm/yr. InSAR data for the 2014–2020 period show cumulative subsidence rates of up to 72.3 mm. We find that geologically induced vertical motions represent 41% of the observed changes in RSLR and that subsidence poses a major threat to Cartagena’s preservation. The geodetic subsidence rates found would imply a further additional RSLR of 83 mm by 2050 and 225 mm by 2100. The Colombian government should plan for the future and serve as an example to similar cities across the Caribbean.Juan D. Restrepo-ÁngelHéctor Mora-PáezFreddy DíazMarin GovorcinShimon WdowinskiLeidy Giraldo-LondoñoMarko TosicIrene FernándezJuan F. Paniagua-ArroyaveJosé F. Duque-TrujilloNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Juan D. Restrepo-Ángel Héctor Mora-Páez Freddy Díaz Marin Govorcin Shimon Wdowinski Leidy Giraldo-Londoño Marko Tosic Irene Fernández Juan F. Paniagua-Arroyave José F. Duque-Trujillo Coastal subsidence increases vulnerability to sea level rise over twenty first century in Cartagena, Caribbean Colombia
description	Abstract Cartagena is subsiding at a higher rate compared to that of global climate-driven sea level rise. We investigate the relative sea level rise (RSLR) and the influence of vertical land movements in Cartagena through the integration of different datasets, including tide gauge records, GPS geodetic subsidence data, and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations of vertical motions. Results reveal a long-term rate (> 60 years) of RSLR of 5.98 ± 0.01 mm/yr. The last two decades exhibited an even greater rate of RSLR of 7.02 ± 0.06 mm/yr. GPS subsidence rates range between − 5.71 ± 2.18 and − 2.85 ± 0.84 mm/yr. InSAR data for the 2014–2020 period show cumulative subsidence rates of up to 72.3 mm. We find that geologically induced vertical motions represent 41% of the observed changes in RSLR and that subsidence poses a major threat to Cartagena’s preservation. The geodetic subsidence rates found would imply a further additional RSLR of 83 mm by 2050 and 225 mm by 2100. The Colombian government should plan for the future and serve as an example to similar cities across the Caribbean.
format	article
author	Juan D. Restrepo-Ángel Héctor Mora-Páez Freddy Díaz Marin Govorcin Shimon Wdowinski Leidy Giraldo-Londoño Marko Tosic Irene Fernández Juan F. Paniagua-Arroyave José F. Duque-Trujillo
author_facet	Juan D. Restrepo-Ángel Héctor Mora-Páez Freddy Díaz Marin Govorcin Shimon Wdowinski Leidy Giraldo-Londoño Marko Tosic Irene Fernández Juan F. Paniagua-Arroyave José F. Duque-Trujillo
author_sort	Juan D. Restrepo-Ángel
title	Coastal subsidence increases vulnerability to sea level rise over twenty first century in Cartagena, Caribbean Colombia
title_short	Coastal subsidence increases vulnerability to sea level rise over twenty first century in Cartagena, Caribbean Colombia
title_full	Coastal subsidence increases vulnerability to sea level rise over twenty first century in Cartagena, Caribbean Colombia
title_fullStr	Coastal subsidence increases vulnerability to sea level rise over twenty first century in Cartagena, Caribbean Colombia
title_full_unstemmed	Coastal subsidence increases vulnerability to sea level rise over twenty first century in Cartagena, Caribbean Colombia
title_sort	coastal subsidence increases vulnerability to sea level rise over twenty first century in cartagena, caribbean colombia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7e8d973680b348d095f4cbf89439caa2
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Coastal subsidence increases vulnerability to sea level rise over twenty first century in Cartagena, Caribbean Colombia

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