Urbanization impacts on mammals across urban-forest edges and a predictive model of edge effects.

With accelerating rates of urbanization worldwide, a better understanding of ecological processes at the wildland-urban interface is critical to conserve biodiversity. We explored the effects of high and low-density housing developments on forest-dwelling mammals. Based on habitat characteristics, w...

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Autores principales:	Nélida R Villaseñor, Don A Driscoll, Martín A H Escobar, Philip Gibbons, David B Lindenmayer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7e9bf80b63de447da2c289cee7578cc8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7e9bf80b63de447da2c289cee7578cc82021-11-18T08:20:10ZUrbanization impacts on mammals across urban-forest edges and a predictive model of edge effects.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0097036https://doaj.org/article/7e9bf80b63de447da2c289cee7578cc82014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24810286/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203With accelerating rates of urbanization worldwide, a better understanding of ecological processes at the wildland-urban interface is critical to conserve biodiversity. We explored the effects of high and low-density housing developments on forest-dwelling mammals. Based on habitat characteristics, we expected a gradual decline in species abundance across forest-urban edges and an increased decline rate in higher contrast edges. We surveyed arboreal mammals in sites of high and low housing density along 600 m transects that spanned urban areas and areas turn on adjacent native forest. We also surveyed forest controls to test whether edge effects extended beyond our edge transects. We fitted models describing richness, total abundance and individual species abundance. Low-density housing developments provided suitable habitat for most arboreal mammals. In contrast, high-density housing developments had lower species richness, total abundance and individual species abundance, but supported the highest abundances of an urban adapter (Trichosurus vulpecula). We did not find the predicted gradual decline in species abundance. Of four species analysed, three exhibited no response to the proximity of urban boundaries, but spilled over into adjacent urban habitat to differing extents. One species (Petaurus australis) had an extended negative response to urban boundaries, suggesting that urban development has impacts beyond 300 m into adjacent forest. Our empirical work demonstrates that high-density housing developments have negative effects on both community and species level responses, except for one urban adapter. We developed a new predictive model of edge effects based on our results and the literature. To predict animal responses across edges, our framework integrates for first time: (1) habitat quality/preference, (2) species response with the proximity to the adjacent habitat, and (3) spillover extent/sensitivity to adjacent habitat boundaries. This framework will allow scientists, managers and planners better understand and predict both species responses across edges and impacts of development in mosaic landscapes.Nélida R VillaseñorDon A DriscollMartín A H EscobarPhilip GibbonsDavid B LindenmayerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 5, p e97036 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Nélida R Villaseñor Don A Driscoll Martín A H Escobar Philip Gibbons David B Lindenmayer Urbanization impacts on mammals across urban-forest edges and a predictive model of edge effects.
description	With accelerating rates of urbanization worldwide, a better understanding of ecological processes at the wildland-urban interface is critical to conserve biodiversity. We explored the effects of high and low-density housing developments on forest-dwelling mammals. Based on habitat characteristics, we expected a gradual decline in species abundance across forest-urban edges and an increased decline rate in higher contrast edges. We surveyed arboreal mammals in sites of high and low housing density along 600 m transects that spanned urban areas and areas turn on adjacent native forest. We also surveyed forest controls to test whether edge effects extended beyond our edge transects. We fitted models describing richness, total abundance and individual species abundance. Low-density housing developments provided suitable habitat for most arboreal mammals. In contrast, high-density housing developments had lower species richness, total abundance and individual species abundance, but supported the highest abundances of an urban adapter (Trichosurus vulpecula). We did not find the predicted gradual decline in species abundance. Of four species analysed, three exhibited no response to the proximity of urban boundaries, but spilled over into adjacent urban habitat to differing extents. One species (Petaurus australis) had an extended negative response to urban boundaries, suggesting that urban development has impacts beyond 300 m into adjacent forest. Our empirical work demonstrates that high-density housing developments have negative effects on both community and species level responses, except for one urban adapter. We developed a new predictive model of edge effects based on our results and the literature. To predict animal responses across edges, our framework integrates for first time: (1) habitat quality/preference, (2) species response with the proximity to the adjacent habitat, and (3) spillover extent/sensitivity to adjacent habitat boundaries. This framework will allow scientists, managers and planners better understand and predict both species responses across edges and impacts of development in mosaic landscapes.
format	article
author	Nélida R Villaseñor Don A Driscoll Martín A H Escobar Philip Gibbons David B Lindenmayer
author_facet	Nélida R Villaseñor Don A Driscoll Martín A H Escobar Philip Gibbons David B Lindenmayer
author_sort	Nélida R Villaseñor
title	Urbanization impacts on mammals across urban-forest edges and a predictive model of edge effects.
title_short	Urbanization impacts on mammals across urban-forest edges and a predictive model of edge effects.
title_full	Urbanization impacts on mammals across urban-forest edges and a predictive model of edge effects.
title_fullStr	Urbanization impacts on mammals across urban-forest edges and a predictive model of edge effects.
title_full_unstemmed	Urbanization impacts on mammals across urban-forest edges and a predictive model of edge effects.
title_sort	urbanization impacts on mammals across urban-forest edges and a predictive model of edge effects.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/7e9bf80b63de447da2c289cee7578cc8
work_keys_str_mv	AT nelidarvillasenor urbanizationimpactsonmammalsacrossurbanforestedgesandapredictivemodelofedgeeffects AT donadriscoll urbanizationimpactsonmammalsacrossurbanforestedgesandapredictivemodelofedgeeffects AT martinahescobar urbanizationimpactsonmammalsacrossurbanforestedgesandapredictivemodelofedgeeffects AT philipgibbons urbanizationimpactsonmammalsacrossurbanforestedgesandapredictivemodelofedgeeffects AT davidblindenmayer urbanizationimpactsonmammalsacrossurbanforestedgesandapredictivemodelofedgeeffects
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Urbanization impacts on mammals across urban-forest edges and a predictive model of edge effects.

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