Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum dihydropteroate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase genes in Nigerian children with uncomplicated malaria using high-resolution melting technique

Abstract In 2005, the Nigerian Federal Ministry of Health revised the treatment policy for uncomplicated malaria with the introduction of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). This policy change discouraged the use of Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) as the second-line treatment of uncompli...

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Autores principales:	Adeyemi T. Kayode, Fehintola V. Ajogbasile, Kazeem Akano, Jessica N. Uwanibe, Paul E. Oluniyi, Philomena J. Eromon, Onikepe A. Folarin, Akintunde Sowunmi, Dyann F. Wirth, Christian T. Happi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7ecd3ef5a9d34f1f890f91a36e6c1caa
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7ecd3ef5a9d34f1f890f91a36e6c1caa2021-12-02T15:23:02ZPolymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum dihydropteroate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase genes in Nigerian children with uncomplicated malaria using high-resolution melting technique10.1038/s41598-020-80017-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/7ecd3ef5a9d34f1f890f91a36e6c1caa2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80017-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract In 2005, the Nigerian Federal Ministry of Health revised the treatment policy for uncomplicated malaria with the introduction of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). This policy change discouraged the use of Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) as the second-line treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. However, SP is used as an intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) and seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) in children aged 3–59 months. There have been increasing reports of SP resistance especially in the non-pregnant population in Nigeria, thus, the need to continually monitor the efficacy of SP as IPTp and SMC by estimating polymorphisms in dihydropteroate synthetase (dhps) and dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) genes associated with SP resistance. The high resolution-melting (HRM) assay was used to investigate polymorphisms in codons 51, 59, 108 and 164 of the dhfr gene and codons 437, 540, 581 and 613 of the dhps gene. DNA was extracted from 271 dried bloodspot filter paper samples obtained from children (< 5 years old) with uncomplicated malaria. The dhfr triple mutant I51R59N108, dhps double mutant G437G581 and quadruple dhfr I51R59N108 + dhps G437 mutant haplotypes were observed in 80.8%, 13.7% and 52.8% parasites, respectively. Although the quintuple dhfr I51R59N108 + dhps G437E540 and sextuple dhfr I51R59N108 + dhps G437E540G581 mutant haplotypes linked with in-vivo and in-vitro SP resistance were not detected, constant surveillance of these haplotypes should be done in the country to detect any change in prevalence.Adeyemi T. KayodeFehintola V. AjogbasileKazeem AkanoJessica N. UwanibePaul E. OluniyiPhilomena J. EromonOnikepe A. FolarinAkintunde SowunmiDyann F. WirthChristian T. HappiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Adeyemi T. Kayode Fehintola V. Ajogbasile Kazeem Akano Jessica N. Uwanibe Paul E. Oluniyi Philomena J. Eromon Onikepe A. Folarin Akintunde Sowunmi Dyann F. Wirth Christian T. Happi Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum dihydropteroate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase genes in Nigerian children with uncomplicated malaria using high-resolution melting technique
description	Abstract In 2005, the Nigerian Federal Ministry of Health revised the treatment policy for uncomplicated malaria with the introduction of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). This policy change discouraged the use of Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) as the second-line treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. However, SP is used as an intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) and seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) in children aged 3–59 months. There have been increasing reports of SP resistance especially in the non-pregnant population in Nigeria, thus, the need to continually monitor the efficacy of SP as IPTp and SMC by estimating polymorphisms in dihydropteroate synthetase (dhps) and dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) genes associated with SP resistance. The high resolution-melting (HRM) assay was used to investigate polymorphisms in codons 51, 59, 108 and 164 of the dhfr gene and codons 437, 540, 581 and 613 of the dhps gene. DNA was extracted from 271 dried bloodspot filter paper samples obtained from children (< 5 years old) with uncomplicated malaria. The dhfr triple mutant I51R59N108, dhps double mutant G437G581 and quadruple dhfr I51R59N108 + dhps G437 mutant haplotypes were observed in 80.8%, 13.7% and 52.8% parasites, respectively. Although the quintuple dhfr I51R59N108 + dhps G437E540 and sextuple dhfr I51R59N108 + dhps G437E540G581 mutant haplotypes linked with in-vivo and in-vitro SP resistance were not detected, constant surveillance of these haplotypes should be done in the country to detect any change in prevalence.
format	article
author	Adeyemi T. Kayode Fehintola V. Ajogbasile Kazeem Akano Jessica N. Uwanibe Paul E. Oluniyi Philomena J. Eromon Onikepe A. Folarin Akintunde Sowunmi Dyann F. Wirth Christian T. Happi
author_facet	Adeyemi T. Kayode Fehintola V. Ajogbasile Kazeem Akano Jessica N. Uwanibe Paul E. Oluniyi Philomena J. Eromon Onikepe A. Folarin Akintunde Sowunmi Dyann F. Wirth Christian T. Happi
author_sort	Adeyemi T. Kayode
title	Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum dihydropteroate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase genes in Nigerian children with uncomplicated malaria using high-resolution melting technique
title_short	Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum dihydropteroate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase genes in Nigerian children with uncomplicated malaria using high-resolution melting technique
title_full	Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum dihydropteroate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase genes in Nigerian children with uncomplicated malaria using high-resolution melting technique
title_fullStr	Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum dihydropteroate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase genes in Nigerian children with uncomplicated malaria using high-resolution melting technique
title_full_unstemmed	Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum dihydropteroate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase genes in Nigerian children with uncomplicated malaria using high-resolution melting technique
title_sort	polymorphisms in plasmodium falciparum dihydropteroate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase genes in nigerian children with uncomplicated malaria using high-resolution melting technique
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7ecd3ef5a9d34f1f890f91a36e6c1caa
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Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum dihydropteroate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase genes in Nigerian children with uncomplicated malaria using high-resolution melting technique

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