A Short-Term Altrenogest Treatment Post-weaning Followed by Superovulation Reduces Pregnancy Rates and Embryo Production Efficiency in Multiparous Sows

Although embryo transfer (ET) is a biotechnology ready for the swine industry, there are factors to be solved, the availability of embryo donors as one. Multiparous sows as donors ought to be considered since weaning is a natural and efficient method for estrus synchronization. In addition, superovu...

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Autores principales:	Henar Gonzalez-Ramiro, Cristina Cuello, Josep M. Cambra, Alejandro Gonzalez-Plaza, Juan M. Vazquez, Jose L. Vazquez, Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez, Maria A. Gil, Alejandro Lucas-Sanchez, Inmaculada Parrilla, Emilio A. Martinez
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Altrenogest estrus synchronization superovulation weaning embryo transfer embryo Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7ee0993a400e4e18814600c8044ce611
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7ee0993a400e4e18814600c8044ce6112021-11-18T09:42:42ZA Short-Term Altrenogest Treatment Post-weaning Followed by Superovulation Reduces Pregnancy Rates and Embryo Production Efficiency in Multiparous Sows2297-176910.3389/fvets.2021.771573https://doaj.org/article/7ee0993a400e4e18814600c8044ce6112021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.771573/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2297-1769Although embryo transfer (ET) is a biotechnology ready for the swine industry, there are factors to be solved, the availability of embryo donors as one. Multiparous sows as donors ought to be considered since weaning is a natural and efficient method for estrus synchronization. In addition, superovulation treatments at weaning are effective in increasing the efficiency of donor embryo production. However, ET programs typically require more donors than those available from a single weaning, imposing grouping several weanings to establish a batch for ET. Since short-term administration of Altrenogest is effective in delaying estrus after weaning without effects on ovulation and embryo development, we investigated how Altrenogest combined with superovulation would affect reproductive parameters and embryo quality and quantity of weaned multiparous donor sows. The sows were administered Altrenogest from the day of weaning for 14 (SS-14 group; N = 26), 7 (SS-7 group; N = 31) and 4 (SS-4 group; N = 32) days. The sows were superovulated with eCG 24 h after the last administration of Altrenogest and with hCG at the onset of estrus. Sows not treated with Altrenogest that were superovulated with eCG 24 h post-weaning and hCG at the onset of estrus (SC group; N = 37) and sows with natural estrus after weaning (C group; N = 34) were used as control groups. The percentage of sows showing estrus within 10 days was not affected by the treatment, but the interval from Altrenogest withdrawal to estrus was longer (P < 0.05) in the SS groups than the interval from weaning to estrus in the controls. SS treatments increased (P < 0.05) the percentage of sows with ovarian cysts and the development of polycystic ovaries. The pregnancy and the fertilization rates, and the overall embryo production efficiency were also negatively affected by the SS treatments (P < 0.05). Interestingly, almost 70% of the structures classified as unfertilized oocytes or degenerated embryos in sows from the SS groups were immature oocytes. In conclusion, although superovulation of weaned sows was highly efficient, short-term administration of Altrenogest in combination with superovulation had negative effects on most of the reproductive parameters assessed, particularly affecting the overall efficiency of pregnancy and embryo production.Henar Gonzalez-RamiroHenar Gonzalez-RamiroCristina CuelloJosep M. CambraAlejandro Gonzalez-PlazaJuan M. VazquezJose L. VazquezHeriberto Rodriguez-MartinezMaria A. GilAlejandro Lucas-SanchezInmaculada ParrillaEmilio A. MartinezFrontiers Media S.A.articleAltrenogestestrus synchronizationsuperovulationweaningembryo transferembryoVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENFrontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Altrenogest estrus synchronization superovulation weaning embryo transfer embryo Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	Altrenogest estrus synchronization superovulation weaning embryo transfer embryo Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Henar Gonzalez-Ramiro Henar Gonzalez-Ramiro Cristina Cuello Josep M. Cambra Alejandro Gonzalez-Plaza Juan M. Vazquez Jose L. Vazquez Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez Maria A. Gil Alejandro Lucas-Sanchez Inmaculada Parrilla Emilio A. Martinez A Short-Term Altrenogest Treatment Post-weaning Followed by Superovulation Reduces Pregnancy Rates and Embryo Production Efficiency in Multiparous Sows
description	Although embryo transfer (ET) is a biotechnology ready for the swine industry, there are factors to be solved, the availability of embryo donors as one. Multiparous sows as donors ought to be considered since weaning is a natural and efficient method for estrus synchronization. In addition, superovulation treatments at weaning are effective in increasing the efficiency of donor embryo production. However, ET programs typically require more donors than those available from a single weaning, imposing grouping several weanings to establish a batch for ET. Since short-term administration of Altrenogest is effective in delaying estrus after weaning without effects on ovulation and embryo development, we investigated how Altrenogest combined with superovulation would affect reproductive parameters and embryo quality and quantity of weaned multiparous donor sows. The sows were administered Altrenogest from the day of weaning for 14 (SS-14 group; N = 26), 7 (SS-7 group; N = 31) and 4 (SS-4 group; N = 32) days. The sows were superovulated with eCG 24 h after the last administration of Altrenogest and with hCG at the onset of estrus. Sows not treated with Altrenogest that were superovulated with eCG 24 h post-weaning and hCG at the onset of estrus (SC group; N = 37) and sows with natural estrus after weaning (C group; N = 34) were used as control groups. The percentage of sows showing estrus within 10 days was not affected by the treatment, but the interval from Altrenogest withdrawal to estrus was longer (P < 0.05) in the SS groups than the interval from weaning to estrus in the controls. SS treatments increased (P < 0.05) the percentage of sows with ovarian cysts and the development of polycystic ovaries. The pregnancy and the fertilization rates, and the overall embryo production efficiency were also negatively affected by the SS treatments (P < 0.05). Interestingly, almost 70% of the structures classified as unfertilized oocytes or degenerated embryos in sows from the SS groups were immature oocytes. In conclusion, although superovulation of weaned sows was highly efficient, short-term administration of Altrenogest in combination with superovulation had negative effects on most of the reproductive parameters assessed, particularly affecting the overall efficiency of pregnancy and embryo production.
format	article
author	Henar Gonzalez-Ramiro Henar Gonzalez-Ramiro Cristina Cuello Josep M. Cambra Alejandro Gonzalez-Plaza Juan M. Vazquez Jose L. Vazquez Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez Maria A. Gil Alejandro Lucas-Sanchez Inmaculada Parrilla Emilio A. Martinez
author_facet	Henar Gonzalez-Ramiro Henar Gonzalez-Ramiro Cristina Cuello Josep M. Cambra Alejandro Gonzalez-Plaza Juan M. Vazquez Jose L. Vazquez Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez Maria A. Gil Alejandro Lucas-Sanchez Inmaculada Parrilla Emilio A. Martinez
author_sort	Henar Gonzalez-Ramiro
title	A Short-Term Altrenogest Treatment Post-weaning Followed by Superovulation Reduces Pregnancy Rates and Embryo Production Efficiency in Multiparous Sows
title_short	A Short-Term Altrenogest Treatment Post-weaning Followed by Superovulation Reduces Pregnancy Rates and Embryo Production Efficiency in Multiparous Sows
title_full	A Short-Term Altrenogest Treatment Post-weaning Followed by Superovulation Reduces Pregnancy Rates and Embryo Production Efficiency in Multiparous Sows
title_fullStr	A Short-Term Altrenogest Treatment Post-weaning Followed by Superovulation Reduces Pregnancy Rates and Embryo Production Efficiency in Multiparous Sows
title_full_unstemmed	A Short-Term Altrenogest Treatment Post-weaning Followed by Superovulation Reduces Pregnancy Rates and Embryo Production Efficiency in Multiparous Sows
title_sort	short-term altrenogest treatment post-weaning followed by superovulation reduces pregnancy rates and embryo production efficiency in multiparous sows
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7ee0993a400e4e18814600c8044ce611
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A Short-Term Altrenogest Treatment Post-weaning Followed by Superovulation Reduces Pregnancy Rates and Embryo Production Efficiency in Multiparous Sows

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