The role of diatom nanostructures in biasing diffusion to improve uptake in a patchy nutrient environment.

<h4>Background</h4>Diatoms are important single-celled autotrophs that dominate most lit aquatic environments and are distinguished by surficial frustules with intricate designs of unknown function.<h4>Principal findings</h4>We show that some frustule designs constrain diffus...

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Autores principales:	James G Mitchell, Laurent Seuront, Mark J Doubell, Dusan Losic, Nicolas H Voelcker, Justin Seymour, Ratnesh Lal
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7ee9300a054442509284f9cb138c3f3a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7ee9300a054442509284f9cb138c3f3a2021-11-18T07:46:45ZThe role of diatom nanostructures in biasing diffusion to improve uptake in a patchy nutrient environment.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0059548https://doaj.org/article/7ee9300a054442509284f9cb138c3f3a2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23667421/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Diatoms are important single-celled autotrophs that dominate most lit aquatic environments and are distinguished by surficial frustules with intricate designs of unknown function.<h4>Principal findings</h4>We show that some frustule designs constrain diffusion to positively alter nutrient uptake. In nutrient gradients of 4 to 160 times over <5 cm, the screened-chambered morphology of Coscincodiscus sp. biases the nutrient diffusion towards the cell by at least 3.8 times the diffusion to the seawater. In contrast, the open-chambers of Thalassiosira eccentrica produce at least a 1.3 times diffusion advantage to the membrane over Coscincodiscus sp. when nutrients are homogeneous.<h4>Significance</h4>Diffusion constraint explains the success of particular diatom species at given times and the overall success of diatoms. The results help answer the unresolved question of how adjacent microplankton compete. Furthermore, diffusion constraint by supramembrane nanostructures to alter molecular diffusion suggests that microbes compete via supramembrane topology, a competitive mechanism not considered by the standard smooth-surface equations used for nutrient uptake nor in microbial ecology and cell physiology.James G MitchellLaurent SeurontMark J DoubellDusan LosicNicolas H VoelckerJustin SeymourRatnesh LalPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 5, p e59548 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q James G Mitchell Laurent Seuront Mark J Doubell Dusan Losic Nicolas H Voelcker Justin Seymour Ratnesh Lal The role of diatom nanostructures in biasing diffusion to improve uptake in a patchy nutrient environment.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Diatoms are important single-celled autotrophs that dominate most lit aquatic environments and are distinguished by surficial frustules with intricate designs of unknown function.<h4>Principal findings</h4>We show that some frustule designs constrain diffusion to positively alter nutrient uptake. In nutrient gradients of 4 to 160 times over <5 cm, the screened-chambered morphology of Coscincodiscus sp. biases the nutrient diffusion towards the cell by at least 3.8 times the diffusion to the seawater. In contrast, the open-chambers of Thalassiosira eccentrica produce at least a 1.3 times diffusion advantage to the membrane over Coscincodiscus sp. when nutrients are homogeneous.<h4>Significance</h4>Diffusion constraint explains the success of particular diatom species at given times and the overall success of diatoms. The results help answer the unresolved question of how adjacent microplankton compete. Furthermore, diffusion constraint by supramembrane nanostructures to alter molecular diffusion suggests that microbes compete via supramembrane topology, a competitive mechanism not considered by the standard smooth-surface equations used for nutrient uptake nor in microbial ecology and cell physiology.
format	article
author	James G Mitchell Laurent Seuront Mark J Doubell Dusan Losic Nicolas H Voelcker Justin Seymour Ratnesh Lal
author_facet	James G Mitchell Laurent Seuront Mark J Doubell Dusan Losic Nicolas H Voelcker Justin Seymour Ratnesh Lal
author_sort	James G Mitchell
title	The role of diatom nanostructures in biasing diffusion to improve uptake in a patchy nutrient environment.
title_short	The role of diatom nanostructures in biasing diffusion to improve uptake in a patchy nutrient environment.
title_full	The role of diatom nanostructures in biasing diffusion to improve uptake in a patchy nutrient environment.
title_fullStr	The role of diatom nanostructures in biasing diffusion to improve uptake in a patchy nutrient environment.
title_full_unstemmed	The role of diatom nanostructures in biasing diffusion to improve uptake in a patchy nutrient environment.
title_sort	role of diatom nanostructures in biasing diffusion to improve uptake in a patchy nutrient environment.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/7ee9300a054442509284f9cb138c3f3a
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The role of diatom nanostructures in biasing diffusion to improve uptake in a patchy nutrient environment.

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